本文選題：《史記》　切入點：本紀　出處：《社會科學戰(zhàn)線》2016年08期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：司馬遷著《史記》,在全書編纂的總體設計上,以"本紀"列在其他四種體裁之前,這一安排,突出地體現(xiàn)了其深邃的歷史哲學和強烈的信史精神。十二本紀"包舉大端",提綱挈領記述政治、經濟、軍事、民族、文化各項大事,構成了全書的主干,其余篇章,或表,或書,或世家,或列傳,都與本紀相配合,因而顯示出華夏民族自文明初始至其當代歷史演進的大趨勢;又因有本紀作為總綱,其他篇章中的記載都圍繞此展開,緊密聯(lián)系,因而使這部內容豐富復雜、上下貫通漫長年代的巨著,成為互相聯(lián)系的有機整體。再者,本紀所載,既重在凸顯政治設施的得失,彰明其盛衰興壞之理,且又以藝術性手法,刻畫處于歷史變局中心的君主獨特的性格、襟懷,所寫的西楚霸王、漢高祖,更是栩栩如生,使后代讀者產生無窮的感奮和慨嘆。"本紀"的又一項重要史學功能,是反映出西漢時期"大一統(tǒng)"局面的發(fā)展和鞏固,反映出封建中央集權政治結構的等級制特征,因而成為時代的投影。這也是后代修史者"遞相祖述,莫能出其范圍"的深刻原因。
[Abstract]:Sima Qian < > in the historical records, the overall design of the compilation, "Chronicles" column before the other four styles, this arrangement has highlighted its profound historical philosophy and strong spirit of history. Twelve chronicles covered the end ", a description of the political, economic, military, national culture, the the main event, constitute the book, the text, or table, or books, or family, or are associated with biographies, chronicles, which shows that the Chinese nation civilization from the initial to the trend of contemporary historical evolution; and because there is this as a general outline, other chapters in the records around this. Close contact, thus make the content rich and complex, long time of work through, become interrelated organic whole. Furthermore, this contained both focusing on highlighting the pros and cons of the political establishment, exposing Sheng Shuaixing bad reason, and then to artistic methods, describe the place Unique character, in the historical situation in the center as written by the monarch, king of Western Chu, Han Emperor, is more true to life, so the offspring readers have infinite moved and lament. "Another important function of history discipline", reflects the development of the Western Han Dynasty "unified" situation and consolidate, reflects the hierarchy the characteristics of the feudal centralized political structure, and thus become the time projection. This is also the descendants of the historians "handed out to the Mo phase followed, scope of the profound reasons.

【作者單位】： 北京師范大學史學研究所;
【分類號】：K204.2
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本文編號：1569707