本文選題：農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品　切入點(diǎn)：制度變遷　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品的供給制度作為整個(gè)農(nóng)村社會經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的基礎(chǔ)和核心,其變遷在很大程度上影響和決定著農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程。農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品關(guān)于供給制度是一個(gè)歷史范疇,不同的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)制度和不同的社會發(fā)展階段,為了促進(jìn)農(nóng)村社會的發(fā)展,必然要求建立一個(gè)相對應(yīng)的農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度。深入研究制度變遷的動(dòng)力,有助于在實(shí)踐中使農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品制度變遷決策更加合理化,實(shí)現(xiàn)公共產(chǎn)品供給制度變遷服務(wù)于民、服務(wù)于社會的目的,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展。 本文試圖在理論上,構(gòu)建一個(gè)農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度變遷動(dòng)力研究基本框架,進(jìn)而推動(dòng)農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度變遷動(dòng)力理論發(fā)展；本文從馬克思主義和新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)兩種不同角度分別界定了制度變遷動(dòng)力概念和制度變遷動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu),又從兩個(gè)角度分別對制度變遷動(dòng)力思想進(jìn)行了深入分析；然后通過對中國改革開放之前和改革開放之后的各個(gè)歷史階段的農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度進(jìn)行分析,重點(diǎn)分析了各階段的特點(diǎn)、動(dòng)力和動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu),提出了完善中國農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度變遷動(dòng)力機(jī)制的建議。 本文以制度變遷回顧來推導(dǎo)制度變遷特點(diǎn)、根據(jù)制度變遷特點(diǎn)來總結(jié)制度變遷動(dòng)力并進(jìn)一步歸納制度變遷動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu),這樣的研究范式,以歷史為線索、以制度變遷為考量緯度、以現(xiàn)代國家構(gòu)建為視角,將我國農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度變遷動(dòng)力主要分四個(gè)不同制度環(huán)境時(shí)期進(jìn)行考察、分析�；谌牡姆治�,本文得出了以下基本結(jié)論： 建國后的農(nóng)業(yè)合作時(shí)期這一“制度環(huán)境”下,在供給制度上主要體現(xiàn)在政府供給和村民自愿供給,造就了三種動(dòng)力形式：需求動(dòng)力、主體能動(dòng)動(dòng)力及諾斯動(dòng)力,這主要是由于建國初期,農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)占主導(dǎo)地位,而工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)不發(fā)達(dá),從而決定了可提供經(jīng)濟(jì)剩余的潛力有限,政府財(cái)政上的不足也決定了政府難有更大能力去整合社會資源,影響了政府舉給長期不足,因此在推動(dòng)制度變遷的動(dòng)力主要是需求動(dòng)力以及人民群眾的主體能動(dòng)動(dòng)力。 人民公社制度是現(xiàn)代國家構(gòu)建的產(chǎn)物,它沖破了家族共同體,形成“政社合一提供必需公共產(chǎn)品的能力以及合辦社會發(fā)展必需的公共事務(wù),而導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給”的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體,黨和政府控制了一切資源。這一時(shí)期造就了三種主體動(dòng)力形式：需求動(dòng)力、主體能動(dòng)動(dòng)力及社會生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展動(dòng)力,這主要是由于建國后至人民公社時(shí)期,社會生產(chǎn)力有了初步的發(fā)展,農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)水平有所提高,農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給相較于以往增多,但是仍然整體不足,因此在推動(dòng)制度變遷的動(dòng)力主要是需求動(dòng)力、主體能動(dòng)動(dòng)力及社會生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展動(dòng)力。 家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制促進(jìn)了農(nóng)村計(jì)劃型的經(jīng)濟(jì)向市場型經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型,資源開始社會化,“鄉(xiāng)政村治”體現(xiàn)了國家與社會的分權(quán)原則。這一制度促進(jìn)了供給主體多元化趨勢,出現(xiàn)了政府供給為主、私人供給、合作供給以及第三部門供給的制度集合,這一時(shí)期造就了四種主體動(dòng)力形式：需求動(dòng)力、豐體能動(dòng)動(dòng)力、社會生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展動(dòng)力、經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)力,這主要是由于家庭承包制時(shí)期正處于改革開放時(shí)期,國家正在從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)向市場經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變,社會生產(chǎn)力有了快速的發(fā)展,新的社會生產(chǎn)關(guān)系正在形成,社會生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展動(dòng)力以及經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)力在推動(dòng)農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度變遷過程中起了重要作用,同時(shí)制度變遷也離不開人的需求動(dòng)力、人的主體能動(dòng)動(dòng)力。 稅費(fèi)改革時(shí)期是在家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制度體制基礎(chǔ)上的新探索,這一時(shí)期農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給制度進(jìn)一步完善了政府供給、私人供給、合作供給以及第三部門供給,同時(shí)這一時(shí)期造就了五種主體動(dòng)力形式：需求動(dòng)力、社會生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展動(dòng)力、經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)力、社會分工動(dòng)力。
[Abstract]:Rural public goods supply system as the core and foundation of the social economy of the whole country system, the impact of change and determines the rural economic development process to a great extent. On the supply system of rural public products is a historical category, the different social economic system and different stages of social development, in order to promote the development of the rural society. The necessity to establish a corresponding power supply system of rural public goods. Further study of institutional change, contributes to the institutional change of rural public goods decision in practice is more reasonable, the public goods supply system changes to serve the people, serve the society, and promote the sustainable development of the society.
This paper attempts to theoretically construct a rural public goods supply system change of the basic framework, thus promoting the rural public goods supply system change theory development; from the Marx doctrine and the new institutional economics from two different angles respectively defines the concept of power system changes and institutional changes of power structure, and from the two angles of the thought change of dynamic system are analyzed; then through the various historical stages after reform and open up China before the reform and opening up in the rural public goods supply system analysis, focus on the analysis of the characteristics of each stage, power and power structure, put forward perfecting the incentive mechanism of public goods supply system China rural change proposal.
Based on the review of institutional change are the characteristics of the institution change, according to the characteristics of institutional change to sum up the driving force of institutional change and further concludes institutional change of power structure, this research paradigm, the history as the clue, to consider the institutional change in latitude, the construction of the modern country from the perspective of the China's rural public goods supply system consists of power change four different period of institutional environment investigation, analysis. Based on the full analysis, this paper draws the following basic conclusions:
This "system environment" after the founding of the agricultural cooperation period, in the supply system is mainly reflected in the government and the voluntary supply, created three kinds of forms: dynamic demand, initiative power and north power, which is mainly due to the founding of new China, agricultural economy occupies the leading position, while the industrial economy is not developed, in order to determine available economic surplus potential is limited, lack of government financial also determines the government to have a greater ability to integrate social resources, affects the government up to the long-term shortage, so the power to promote institutional change is the main power demand and people's initiative.
浜烘皯鍏ぞ鍒跺害鏄幇浠ｅ浗瀹舵瀯寤虹殑浜х墿,瀹冨啿鐮翠簡瀹舵棌鍏卞悓浣，

本文編號：1557957