本文關鍵詞： 威爾遜 泛美主義 美國對阿根廷政策 美國阿根廷關系　出處：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：伍德羅·威爾遜(Woodrow Wilson)從1913年起就任美國總統(tǒng),1921年離任。在他入主白宮的八年間,美國在其“理想主義”思想的指導下展開了一系列的外交行動。在拉丁美洲,威爾遜上臺伊始就提出了建立美洲政治經濟區(qū)域一體化的泛美主義,實際上是對門羅主義和美國前國務卿布萊恩的泛美主義的繼承與發(fā)展,目的是排擠拉美地區(qū)的歐洲勢力,實現(xiàn)美國的經濟擴張。然而一戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)與美國的參戰(zhàn)打亂了威爾遜泛美主義計劃。隨后美國便將對外政策的重點轉移到了歐洲,對于拉美則是以加大貿易投資與拉攏拉美國家加入?yún)f(xié)約國對抗同盟國為主。而此時的阿根廷是拉丁美洲不可忽略的政治力量,特別是自阿根廷激進黨領袖伊里戈延上臺后,其民族主義政策更使美國如鯁在喉,也經常成為威爾遜泛美主義的羈絆。因此美國對阿根廷的政策成為美國對南美洲政策甚至是對整個拉美政策的重點。本文主要在威爾遜泛美主義與一戰(zhàn)的背景下,以威爾遜政府對阿根廷政策為主線,通過梳理美國對阿根廷政策的內容、總結影響美國對阿根廷政策的因素以及這一時期美阿關系演變的過程,以探究威爾遜外交政策的實質。通過對威爾遜時期美國對阿根廷政策得研究,可以得出以下結論:威爾遜提出以建立拉丁美洲政治經濟區(qū)域一體化為核心內容的泛美主義,是基于美國國家利益的現(xiàn)實考慮,其根本目的就是排擠歐洲勢力,將拉丁美洲收入囊中,使美國居于西半球事務的主導,建立美國治下西半球的和平。然而此時的美國還沒有強大到使整個拉丁美洲對其俯首稱臣,南美國家特別是阿根廷時刻都在警惕和抵制著美國的西半球霸權,因此美國對阿根廷的政策將直接影響威爾遜泛美主義構想的成敗。同時,一戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)與美國的參戰(zhàn)深刻地影響著美國與阿根廷乃至整個拉丁美洲的關系,也影響著美國對阿根廷政策的具體內容與結果。總得來說,威爾遜泛美主義盡管取得了一定的成就,但是仍然達到預期的目標,而美國對阿根廷政策也必然因此而困難重重。
[Abstract]:Woodrow Wilson became President of the United States on 1913 and left office in 1921. During his eight years in the White House, the United States carried out a series of diplomatic actions under the guidance of his "idealistic" ideology. When Wilson came to power, he proposed the establishment of the Pan American doctrine of regional integration of politics and economy in the Americas. In fact, it was an inheritance and development of the Monroe Doctrine and the Pan American Doctrine of former Secretary of State Brian, with the aim of crowding out the European forces in Latin America. But the outbreak of World War I and the United States' engagement in the war disrupted Wilson's Pan American plan. Then the United States shifted the focus of its foreign policy to Europe. For Latin America, it is mainly to increase trade and investment and to attract Latin American countries to join the allies against the allies. At this time, Argentina is a political force that cannot be ignored in Latin America, especially since Irigoyen, the leader of the Argentine radical Party, came to power. Its nationalist policies have made the United States a lump in its throat. Therefore, the policy of the United States towards Argentina has become the focus of the policy of the United States towards South America and even to the whole of Latin America. This article is mainly in the context of Wilson's Pan am doctrine and World War I. Taking Wilson's policy towards Argentina as the main line, through combing the content of American policy towards Argentina, the paper summarizes the factors that influence the policy of the United States towards Argentina and the process of the evolution of US-Arab relations during this period. In order to explore the essence of Wilson's foreign policy. By studying the policy of the United States towards Argentina during Wilson's time, we can draw the following conclusion: Wilson proposed the establishment of regional integration of Latin American politics and economy as the core content of the Pan American doctrine, It is based on the realistic considerations of the national interest of the United States. Its fundamental purpose is to squeeze out European forces, to capture Latin America, and to make the United States dominate the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. Establishing peace in the Western Hemisphere under the United States. However, at this time the United States was not strong enough to make the whole of Latin America bow down to it, and the South American countries, especially Argentina, were always wary of and resisted the Western Hemisphere hegemony of the United States. Therefore, the policy of the United States towards Argentina will directly affect the success or failure of Wilson's idea of Pan am. At the same time, the outbreak of World War I and the United States' participation in the war have a profound impact on the relations between the United States and Argentina, as well as Latin America as a whole. It also affects the concrete content and result of American policy towards Argentina. In general, Wilson's Pan American doctrine, despite its achievements, still achieves the expected goal, and the United States' policy towards Argentina is bound to be beset by difficulties.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D871.2

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