發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-22 00:04

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 非正式主體 縣域治理 政策過程 非正式關(guān)系　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：兩千多年來,縣一直是我國政治中最基本、最重要的治理單元。幾千年的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我們,國家治理,成在縣,敗也在縣。特別是近些年來,縣域中各種社會(huì)矛盾集聚,使縣域治理受到越來越多的關(guān)注。聯(lián)合國亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)委員會(huì)提出治理就是政策制定和執(zhí)行的過程,并認(rèn)為治理要重點(diǎn)分析政策制定與執(zhí)行過程中的正式主體與非正式主體、正式結(jié)構(gòu)與非正式結(jié)構(gòu)。本文以這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)為基礎(chǔ),重點(diǎn)分析非正式主體對(duì)縣域治理的影響。非正式主體通過非正式關(guān)系影響縣域治理,即政策制定和執(zhí)行過程,主要目的在于從政策過程中獲得稀缺的經(jīng)濟(jì)資源、政治資源。這樣,非正式主體就會(huì)對(duì)縣域治理產(chǎn)生一定的影響:難以在政策過程中形成共識(shí)取向、阻礙縣域的法治進(jìn)程、降低政策過程的透明性、影響縣域責(zé)任性政府的構(gòu)建。非正式主體之所以能夠影響縣域治理的原因與縣域特殊的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會(huì)環(huán)境密不可分:縣域特殊的政治權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)狀況是非正式主體之所以通過非正式關(guān)系來影響治理過程的根本原因;縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)政策資源的依賴性為非正式主體影響政策過程和縣域治理提供了契機(jī);縣域法治文化的缺失與傳統(tǒng)關(guān)系文化的繼續(xù)侵蝕的現(xiàn)狀使得非正式主體傾向于利用非正式關(guān)系來實(shí)現(xiàn)政策過程中稀缺政策資源的獲取;縣域“熟人社會(huì)”的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)存在這樣那樣的非正式關(guān)系能夠讓非正式主體得以利用。最后提出了引導(dǎo)非正式主體以推動(dòng)縣域善治的對(duì)策,要從健全法律規(guī)章制度、加強(qiáng)思想道德建設(shè)、從“管理”到“治理”理念的轉(zhuǎn)變、不斷健全監(jiān)督機(jī)制等幾個(gè)方面著手努力。
[Abstract]:For more than 2,000 years, counties have been the most basic and most important unit of governance in Chinese politics. Thousands of years of historical experience have taught us that national governance has become a county and lost in counties. Especially in recent years, all kinds of social contradictions in county areas have gathered together. The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific puts forward that governance is the process of policy formulation and implementation, and believes that governance should focus on the analysis of formal and informal subjects in the process of policy formulation and implementation. Based on this viewpoint, this paper focuses on the analysis of the impact of informal subjects on county governance. Informal subjects influence county governance through informal relations, that is, the process of policy formulation and implementation. The main purpose is to obtain scarce economic and political resources from the policy process. In this way, informal subjects will have a certain impact on county governance: it is difficult to form a consensus orientation in the policy process and hinder the process of the rule of law at the county level. Reducing the transparency of the policy process and influencing the construction of a responsible government at the county level. The reason why informal subjects can influence county governance and the special political, economic and cultural characteristics of the county, The social environment is inseparable: the special political power structure in the county area is the fundamental reason for the informal subject to influence the governance process through the informal relationship; The dependence of county economy on policy resources provides an opportunity for informal subjects to influence policy process and county governance. The lack of county rule of law culture and the continuous erosion of traditional relationship culture make informal subjects tend to use informal relations to achieve the acquisition of scarce policy resources in the process of policy. There is one kind of informal relationship in the social structure of "acquaintance society" in the county area. Finally, the author puts forward some countermeasures to guide the informal subject to promote good governance in the county area, so as to perfect the laws and regulations. Strengthen the ideological and moral construction, from "management" to "governance" concept of transformation, constantly improve the supervision mechanism and other aspects of efforts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D630;C912.2

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