本文關(guān)鍵詞： 萊茵蘭 美國(guó)軍政府 萊茵蘭高級(jí)委員會(huì) 萊茵分離主義運(yùn)動(dòng)　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,美國(guó)隨同協(xié)約國(guó)集團(tuán),參與德國(guó)萊茵蘭的分區(qū)占領(lǐng)。美國(guó)威爾遜政府在戰(zhàn)前及戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間,沒(méi)有出兵萊茵蘭的意圖,但是迫于法國(guó)的壓力,美國(guó)被迫充當(dāng)“不情愿的占領(lǐng)者”。1918年12月,美軍隨英國(guó)、法國(guó)和比利時(shí)軍隊(duì)進(jìn)駐萊茵蘭。美國(guó)占領(lǐng)區(qū)以科布倫茨為首府,由美國(guó)軍政府管制。1920年,萊茵蘭高級(jí)委員會(huì)取代軍政府,繼續(xù)管理占領(lǐng)區(qū)。美國(guó)占領(lǐng)者在萊茵蘭基本實(shí)現(xiàn)了維持政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)秩序穩(wěn)定的目的。其中美國(guó)占領(lǐng)者通過(guò)取消親善禁令,改善美軍同德國(guó)民眾之間的關(guān)系；憑借拒斥萊茵分離主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的滲透,協(xié)調(diào)美方與其他占領(lǐng)國(guó)的對(duì)德政策。1923年1月,魯爾危機(jī)爆發(fā),美軍全部撤離萊茵蘭。美國(guó)參與萊茵蘭占領(lǐng)的歷程到此結(jié)束。 從微觀視野看,美國(guó)占領(lǐng)者成功地維持了占領(lǐng)區(qū)的基本穩(wěn)定。從宏觀視角看,協(xié)約國(guó)出兵萊茵蘭,不但無(wú)助于解決德國(guó)問(wèn)題,反而加劇了歐洲大陸的不穩(wěn)定。由于協(xié)約國(guó)在處理萊茵蘭問(wèn)題上的整體決策失敗,美國(guó)在占領(lǐng)區(qū)取得的局部成功,沒(méi)有對(duì)兩次世界大戰(zhàn)之間的德國(guó)局勢(shì)和國(guó)際安全格局產(chǎn)生顯著的積極影響。
[Abstract]:After the end of the first World War, the United States, along with the Allied Group, took part in the partition occupation of the German Rhineland. The Wilson administration of the United States had no intention of sending troops to Rhineland before the war or during the war, but under pressure from France. The United States was forced to act as a "reluctant occupier." in December 1918, the United States entered Rhineland with British, French and Belgian forces. The occupied territories of the United States were controlled by the United States military junta, with Koblenz as its capital. The Rhineland High Council replaced the military junta and continued to administer the occupied territories. The American occupiers basically achieved the goal of maintaining political, economic and social stability in the Rhineland. Among them, the American occupiers lifted the goodwill ban. To improve relations between the US military and the German people; to coordinate the policies of the United States and other occupying powers towards Germany by rejecting the infiltration of the Rhine separatist movement. In January 1923, the Ruhr crisis broke out. The U. S. military withdrew completely from Rhineland. This is the end of America's participation in the Rhineland occupation. From a microscopic perspective, the American occupiers succeeded in maintaining the basic stability of the occupied territories. From a macro perspective, the allies sent troops to Rhineland, which did not help solve the German problem. Instead, the instability in the European continent has been exacerbated. The United States has achieved partial success in the occupied territories as a result of the failure of the allies' overall decision to deal with the Rhineland issue. There was no significant positive impact on the German situation and the international security landscape between the two world wars.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K712

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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