本文關鍵詞： 萊茵蘭 美國軍政府 萊茵蘭高級委員會 萊茵分離主義運動　出處：《華東師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結束后,美國隨同協約國集團,參與德國萊茵蘭的分區(qū)占領。美國威爾遜政府在戰(zhàn)前及戰(zhàn)爭期間,沒有出兵萊茵蘭的意圖,但是迫于法國的壓力,美國被迫充當“不情愿的占領者”。1918年12月,美軍隨英國、法國和比利時軍隊進駐萊茵蘭。美國占領區(qū)以科布倫茨為首府,由美國軍政府管制。1920年,萊茵蘭高級委員會取代軍政府,繼續(xù)管理占領區(qū)。美國占領者在萊茵蘭基本實現了維持政治、經濟和社會秩序穩(wěn)定的目的。其中美國占領者通過取消親善禁令,改善美軍同德國民眾之間的關系；憑借拒斥萊茵分離主義運動的滲透,協調美方與其他占領國的對德政策。1923年1月,魯爾危機爆發(fā),美軍全部撤離萊茵蘭。美國參與萊茵蘭占領的歷程到此結束。 從微觀視野看,美國占領者成功地維持了占領區(qū)的基本穩(wěn)定。從宏觀視角看,協約國出兵萊茵蘭,不但無助于解決德國問題,反而加劇了歐洲大陸的不穩(wěn)定。由于協約國在處理萊茵蘭問題上的整體決策失敗,美國在占領區(qū)取得的局部成功,沒有對兩次世界大戰(zhàn)之間的德國局勢和國際安全格局產生顯著的積極影響。
[Abstract]:After the end of the first World War, the United States, along with the Allied Group, took part in the partition occupation of the German Rhineland. The Wilson administration of the United States had no intention of sending troops to Rhineland before the war or during the war, but under pressure from France. The United States was forced to act as a "reluctant occupier." in December 1918, the United States entered Rhineland with British, French and Belgian forces. The occupied territories of the United States were controlled by the United States military junta, with Koblenz as its capital. The Rhineland High Council replaced the military junta and continued to administer the occupied territories. The American occupiers basically achieved the goal of maintaining political, economic and social stability in the Rhineland. Among them, the American occupiers lifted the goodwill ban. To improve relations between the US military and the German people; to coordinate the policies of the United States and other occupying powers towards Germany by rejecting the infiltration of the Rhine separatist movement. In January 1923, the Ruhr crisis broke out. The U. S. military withdrew completely from Rhineland. This is the end of America's participation in the Rhineland occupation. From a microscopic perspective, the American occupiers succeeded in maintaining the basic stability of the occupied territories. From a macro perspective, the allies sent troops to Rhineland, which did not help solve the German problem. Instead, the instability in the European continent has been exacerbated. The United States has achieved partial success in the occupied territories as a result of the failure of the allies' overall decision to deal with the Rhineland issue. There was no significant positive impact on the German situation and the international security landscape between the two world wars.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K712

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 丁則民;;美帝國主義對古巴的第二次軍事占領(1906—1909年)[J];歷史教學;1963年05期

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