發(fā)布時間：2018-01-19 09:40

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美國墨西哥移民 墨西哥裔美國人 美國移民群體 美國邊境控制　出處：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：墨西哥移民是美國最大的移民群體,在美國移民史上占有重要地位。本文從美國墨西哥移民的歷史、對美國的影響、當(dāng)前問題及其應(yīng)對措施和發(fā)展趨勢等方面闡述21世紀(jì)以來的墨西哥移民問題。本文第一章回顧了美國墨西哥移民的歷史。從初到美國開始,除30年代的低谷外,美國的墨西哥移民數(shù)量基本處于上升態(tài)勢,70年代后更是大幅增加,這其中有很大一部分原因是墨西哥經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣及美國勞動力需求旺盛。本文第二章探討了美國墨西哥移民當(dāng)前面臨的問題。由于長期以來的收入偏低、貧困率高、受教育程度低等原因,他們的職業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)趨于邊緣化,處于美國社會底層。這也導(dǎo)致他們的參政意識薄弱,未能發(fā)揮出與自身人口數(shù)量相稱的政治影響力。本文第三章分析了墨西哥移民對美國的主要影響。從初到美國開始,墨西哥移民就為美國持續(xù)提供大量廉價勞動力,并帶來巨大的消費(fèi)市場。但與此同時,他們也對本土及其他種族群體工人的就業(yè)機(jī)會及工作待遇造成了一定的負(fù)面影響,對美國的公共福利系統(tǒng)帶來了負(fù)擔(dān),由此產(chǎn)生了種族矛盾及沖突。本文第四章總結(jié)了美國政府為應(yīng)對墨西哥移民問題采取的措施,并展望了該群體未來的發(fā)展趨勢。美國政府的應(yīng)對措施主要包括加強(qiáng)邊境控制及增進(jìn)美墨雙邊協(xié)商,墨西哥移民群體的發(fā)展趨勢是人口繼續(xù)增加、政治影響力逐漸增強(qiáng)、面臨更嚴(yán)重的種族歧視及敵意。美國墨西哥移民問題在短期內(nèi)很難從根本上得到解決,但他們在美國的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會發(fā)展進(jìn)程中扮演的角色必將日益重要。
[Abstract]:Mexican immigrants are the largest immigrant group in the United States and play an important role in the history of American immigrants. The first chapter reviews the history of Mexican immigrants in the United States from the beginning to the United States. In addition to the low point in 30s, the number of Mexican immigrants in the United States is basically on the rise. This is due in large part to Mexico's economic downturn and the strong demand for labor in the United States. The second chapter discusses the current problems faced by Mexican immigrants in the United States because of their low income for a long time. Because of their high poverty rate and low level of education, their professional structure tends to be marginalized and they are at the bottom of American society, which also leads to their weak sense of political participation. The third chapter analyzes the main impact of Mexican immigrants on the United States. From the beginning to the United States. Mexican immigrants continue to provide the United States with a lot of cheap labor and a huge consumer market. But at the same time. They have also had a negative impact on employment opportunities and job benefits for local and other ethnic groups, placing a burden on the public welfare system in the United States. The 4th chapter summarizes the measures taken by the US government to deal with the problem of Mexican immigrants. The future development trend of this group is prospected. The American government's response measures mainly include strengthening border control and enhancing bilateral consultation between the United States and Mexico. The development trend of the Mexican immigrant group is the population continues to increase. Growing political influence, facing more racial discrimination and hostility. The problem of Mexican immigrants in the United States is difficult to solve fundamentally in the short term, but their political and economic problems in the United States. The role played in the process of social development is bound to become increasingly important.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D873.1;D871.2

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本文編號：1443583