發(fā)布時間：2018-01-14 14:36

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：A市鄰避沖突的治理研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鄰避沖突 輿情監(jiān)控 治理

【摘要】：目前,中國社會進入城市化快速發(fā)展時期。經(jīng)濟總量持續(xù)增長,社會發(fā)展穩(wěn)步推進。政府為滿足日益增長的民生需求,投資興建了大批公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。在這些設(shè)施中,有些雖然解決了部分社會問題,但因明顯或潛在的污染性和威脅性被地方厭惡使用。這類設(shè)施引發(fā)居民抗?fàn)幥榻Y(jié),進而造成抗?fàn)帥_突。該過程有一個形象的英文描述,叫鄰避(NIMBY),即"Not In My Backyard"。 鄰避沖突凸顯了城市化進程中經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境正義、個人利益之間的矛盾,它有著政治、經(jīng)濟、社會等多方面深層次的原因。因此,政府在解決鄰避沖突的問題時,不應(yīng)簡單的依靠公權(quán)力強勢壓制或采取漠視公民訴求的硬處理方式,而應(yīng)該在綜合分析鄰避沖突產(chǎn)生原因、擴大因素的基礎(chǔ)上,借助于新媒體手段等技術(shù),了解公眾的需求,找到解決這一矛盾的途徑和實用性的方法。 本文在借鑒國內(nèi)外研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了鄰避設(shè)施、鄰避情結(jié)、鄰避沖突三者之間的關(guān)系,總結(jié)了鄰避沖突產(chǎn)生的原因。鄰避沖突反映了公眾對設(shè)施興建后可能帶來的環(huán)境污染及土地貶值的擔(dān)憂,它與設(shè)施選址位置、負(fù)外部性強弱、公眾對相關(guān)信息的掌握程度等因素密切相關(guān)。在A市快速路沖突事件中,就反映了公眾對設(shè)施選址的疑慮,也體現(xiàn)了公眾在傳統(tǒng)表達方式受阻的情形下,通過新媒體手段表達的城市規(guī)劃參與和利益訴求。為更加清楚的描述A市鄰避沖突過程,本文以輿情監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)為方法,著重監(jiān)測了沖突過程中公眾參與程度、參與特點、沖突原因、解決方案及解決效果五大變量。根據(jù)監(jiān)測結(jié)果顯示,公眾通過在微博、論壇等新媒體平臺上發(fā)表個人意見的方式,逐漸形成輿論合力并影響政府相關(guān)決策。政府最后放棄了將快速路的鄰避沖突當(dāng)做一般群體性事件處理的初始做法,在與公眾的互動過程中擴展了信息發(fā)布渠道,并針對公眾提出的環(huán)境污染、經(jīng)濟損失、心理因素等問題一一采取了改進措施。在雙方的互動過程中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的負(fù)面輿情逐步下降,正面輿情有所上升,這說明居民與政府的溝通是有所成效的。在雙方的博弈過程中,居民達到了鄰避設(shè)施遷建的目的,捍衛(wèi)了自身權(quán)益；政府完成了“以規(guī)劃為先”到“以公眾利益為先”的轉(zhuǎn)變,實現(xiàn)了城市管理水平的提升�？梢哉f,A市快速路工程從某種意義上完成了從“鄰避設(shè)施”到“迎臂設(shè)施”的轉(zhuǎn)變。而A市鄰避沖突的較好解決,也為鄰避設(shè)施選址提供了幾點借鑒經(jīng)驗,即通過決策模式、利益補償、風(fēng)險溝通以及協(xié)商對話的綜合運用,從制度層面促進鄰避設(shè)施選址的公平正義,避免或減少鄰避沖突。
[Abstract]:At present, China society entered a period of rapid development of city economy. The sustained growth, social development steadily. The government to meet the growing needs of the people's livelihood, investment in the construction of a large number of public infrastructure. In these facilities, although some solve some social problems, but because of the pollution and threat of obvious or potential by local the use of such facilities. Aversion causes residents struggle complex, causing the conflict. The struggle process has a vivid description of English, called NIMBY (NIMBY), "Not In My Backyard".
NIMBY conflict highlights the economic development and environmental justice in the process of city, the contradiction between personal interests, it has political, economic, social causes and other aspects. Therefore, the government in solving NIMBY conflict problems, hard approach should not simply rely on the strong pressure of public power or take ignore the citizens, and should be in the comprehensive analysis of NIMBY conflict causes, expansion factor foundation, with the help of new media technology, understand the needs of the public, to find a way to solve this contradiction and practical methods.
In this paper, on the basis of the domestic and foreign research results, the study of NIMBY facilities, NIMBY, the relationship between the NIMBY conflict of the three, summed up the cause of NIMBY conflict. NIMBY conflict reflects public facilities after the construction of the possible environmental pollution and land devaluation concerns, and its location the position, intensity of negative externalities, public factors of relevant information and other closely related. Master degree in A Expressway conflict, reflects on the public facilities location concerns, also reflects the way of expression in the traditional public system, through the new media means the expression of participation in city planning and adjacent interests. To avoid the conflict process more clear description of the city of A, based on the public opinion monitoring system for monitoring the degree of emphasis on methods, public participation in the process of conflict in the characteristics, causes of conflict, solutions and solve the effects of the five variables According to the monitoring results show that the public through micro-blog, comment way forum and other new media platforms, gradually formed the force of public opinion and influence the decisions of the government. The government finally gave up the expressway NIMBY conflict as the initial general group event processing method, in interaction with the public in the process of expansion of the information distribution channels, and put forward to the public environmental pollution, economic losses, psychological factors etc. improvement measures have been taken. In the process of interaction between the two sides, the network of the negative public opinion gradually decline, a positive public opinion increased, indicating that the residents and the government communication is effective. In the process of the game between the two sides. Residents reached NIMBY facilities relocation to defend their own interests; the government completed the "planning for the first" change "in the public interest for the first", the city management level Ascension can be said that the A expressway projects completed from the "NIMBY" to "arm attack facilities" in some sense. But in A city adjacent to solve the obstacle of conflict, NIMBY facilities location also provides some experience, namely through the decision-making mode, compensation benefits, risk communication and the comprehensive use of dialogue and consultation, from the system level to promote fairness and justice in NIMBY facilities location, to avoid or reduce the NIMBY conflict.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D630

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