本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系框架構(gòu)建研究　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 食品安全 行政規(guī)制 制度 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系

【摘要】：研究目的： 1.運(yùn)用規(guī)制理論,對食品安全監(jiān)管中運(yùn)用到的行政性規(guī)制(制度方面)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié),在此基礎(chǔ)上探討食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系問題。 2.比較部分發(fā)達(dá)國家和國際組織食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系的選擇、發(fā)展及差異等方面特點(diǎn)。 3.運(yùn)用案例分析法對目前我國食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系基本狀況進(jìn)行案例分析。 4.提出適合我國國情的食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系新框架的設(shè)置方案,以高效性、科學(xué)性、合理性及實(shí)用性為目標(biāo),為政府食品安全有效監(jiān)管提供決策參考。 研究方法: 1.歷史文獻(xiàn)法。在對規(guī)制理論的綜述研究、我國食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系建設(shè)的演進(jìn)分析過程中,運(yùn)用了歷史文獻(xiàn)法。 2.歸納比較法。對我國與部分發(fā)達(dá)國家和組織食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)構(gòu)組織管理、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來源標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)置特點(diǎn)方面進(jìn)行比較分析。 3.統(tǒng)計(jì)描述法。根據(jù)收集的數(shù)據(jù),對我國與國際組織與部分發(fā)達(dá)國家的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)框架設(shè)置情況及具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)并描述其發(fā)展趨向。對案例分析中統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)比較與描述。 4.案例分析法。對國內(nèi)典型食品安全事件和進(jìn)出口食品受阻情況進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)當(dāng)前我國食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)存在的問題,并提出合理化建議。 研究結(jié)果： 1.由于各國的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等方面的差異,導(dǎo)致食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一,尤其是進(jìn)出口食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差異較大。目前,在世界范圍內(nèi),國際組織與發(fā)達(dá)國家的食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系相對比較健全。 2.我國在食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方面的漸進(jìn)式改革經(jīng)歷了四個階段,目前,已初步形成了門類齊全,結(jié)構(gòu)相對合理,具有一定配套性和完整性的食品質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系,基本可以滿足目前食品行業(yè)的需求,但是與發(fā)達(dá)國家相比仍有一定差距。但是由于食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)類別的多樣化,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定和監(jiān)管部門職能的交叉性,導(dǎo)致目前食品安全多層標(biāo)準(zhǔn)交叉重疊、重要指標(biāo)缺失粗略等問題。從我國近幾年來對食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)整合數(shù)量的統(tǒng)計(jì)來看,我國食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)趨向統(tǒng)一化、規(guī)范化、國際化等,尤其是隨著國際貿(mào)易的擴(kuò)大,進(jìn)出口食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平不斷提高,食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定與管理部門繼續(xù)加大對目前標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的清理整合力度,主要有三大任務(wù)：(1)完成對食用農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、食品衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、食品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行內(nèi)容的分析整理和評估工作,加快重點(diǎn)品種、領(lǐng)域的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制修訂工作,充實(shí)完善食品安全國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。(2)對于相關(guān)食品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或技術(shù)指標(biāo),提出有效、科學(xué)和可行的清理意見(3)調(diào)整我國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管理機(jī)制,更好執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)清理結(jié)果,同時保證后期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)清理整合工作。 3.案例分析與數(shù)據(jù)對比結(jié)果顯示,我國目前相當(dāng)一部分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)存在重疊、交叉和矛盾現(xiàn)象。通過梳理近幾年來重大熱點(diǎn)食品安全事件,我國目前實(shí)行的兩套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)“并肩而行”,多個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)同時規(guī)制的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系,引發(fā)和暴露食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系的缺陷,從而直接導(dǎo)致食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的投機(jī)逐利心理,加大食品安全監(jiān)管部門的監(jiān)管難度,危害公眾身體健康、社會穩(wěn)定與食品進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。 研究結(jié)論： 1.我國食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系優(yōu)化與完善包含三個方面內(nèi)容：一是優(yōu)化食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)監(jiān)管機(jī)制,包括管理機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化與管理制度完善。二是優(yōu)化提高食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)構(gòu)與層級,提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的科學(xué)性、合理性和實(shí)用性。三是建立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系保障機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系全方位溝通與交流。 2.本文提出完善我國食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系框架基本構(gòu)想：一、減少食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定管理部門,統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管理機(jī)構(gòu)。二、完善食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定機(jī)制,包括風(fēng)險評估機(jī)制與反饋機(jī)制等。三、提高食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平,減少標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分級與分層,制定統(tǒng)一的食品安全國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the study is:
1., by using the theory of regulation, we summarize the contents of administrative regulation applied in food safety supervision, and discuss the problem of food safety standard system based on this.
2. compare the selection, development and difference of food safety standard system in some developed countries and international organizations.
3. case analysis is used to analyze the basic situation of our country's food safety standard system.
4., put forward a new framework of food safety standard system suitable for China's national conditions, aiming at efficiency, scientificity, rationality and practicality, and provide decision-making reference for government's effective supervision of food safety.
Research methods:
1. historical literature law. In the review of the regulation theory and the process of the evolution of China's food standard system construction, historical documents are used.
2., the induction and comparison method. The food safety standard system in some developed countries and organizations in China is compared and analyzed in the standard organization management and the standard source standard setting characteristics.
3., statistical descriptive method. According to the collected data, the basic standard framework setting and specific standards of China and international organizations and some developed countries are statistically described and their development trend is described. The statistical data in case studies are compared and described in detail.
4., case analysis. The typical food safety incidents and food imports and exports in China were analyzed. The existing problems of food safety standards in China were summarized, and rationalization proposals were put forward.
The results of the study:
1., due to the differences of politics, economy and culture in different countries, food safety standards are different, especially the difference between import and export food standards. At present, the world food safety standards system between developed countries and international organizations is relatively sound.
2. of China's food safety standards of the gradual reform has experienced four stages, at present, has formed a complete, relatively reasonable structure, food quality and safety standards of supporting and integrity, basic can meet the needs of the food industry, but there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries. But because of various categories of food safety standards, cross standards and regulatory functions, leading to the current food safety standard multi-storey overlap, lack of important index rough problems. From our country in recent years to count the number of food safety standards integration, China's food safety standards tend to be unified, standardized. Internationalization, especially with the expansion of international trade, import and export food safety standards, and constantly improve the level of food safety standards and management departments continue to add to the current standard Ready to clean up the integration efforts, there are three main tasks: (1) the completion of the agricultural product quality safety standards of food, food hygiene standards, analysis of enforcement of the contents of the collation and evaluation of food quality standards and industry standards, to speed up the key species, in the field of standard system revision, enrich and perfect the national food safety standard system (. 2) for food standards or technical indicators, put forward effective, scientific and feasible clean opinions (3) to adjust our standard management mechanism, better execution of the cleanup standards, while ensuring the late clean integration work.
3. case analysis and comparison of the data shows that in our country at present a considerable part of the standard crossover and overlap, by combing the contradictory phenomenon. In recent years the major hot food safety incidents, the implementation of the current standard of two sets of line side by side, a plurality of standards and regulation of the standard system, and lead to defective food exposure safety standard system, which lead directly to food production enterprises in the speculative psychology, strengthen food safety supervision departments of supervision difficult, endangering public health, social stability and the development of food import and export trade.
The conclusions are as follows:
1. of China's food safety standard system optimization and improvement includes three aspects: one is to optimize the mechanism of food safety regulatory standards, improve the management mechanism including optimization and management system. The two is to optimize the structure and improve food safety standards level, improve scientific standards, rationality and practicality. The three is to establish the guarantee mechanism of standard system. The standard system of a full range of communication and exchange.
2. this paper presents framework to improve the food safety standard system in China: a basic conception, reduce food safety standards management departments, unified management institutions. Two, improve food safety standards system, including risk assessment mechanism and feedback mechanism. Three, improve the level of food safety standards, standard classification and hierarchical reduction, unified the national food safety standards.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F203;F426.82

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