本文選題：養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目　切入點：融資模式　出處：《東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國老年人口的不斷增加、老年人口內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,我國老齡化問題目益嚴重,養(yǎng)老問題成為人們越來越關(guān)注的話題。 2013年9月13日,國務(wù)院發(fā)布的《關(guān)于加快發(fā)展養(yǎng)老服務(wù)業(yè)的若干意見》中,“開展老年人住房反向抵押養(yǎng)老保險試點”引起了社會各界的討論�！袄夏耆俗》糠聪虻盅吼B(yǎng)老保險試點”的提出,使得對養(yǎng)老問題的研究走向新高潮。 本文研究的不是養(yǎng)老問題,但離不開對養(yǎng)老問題的研究。目前,我國主要存在三種養(yǎng)老模式,即家庭養(yǎng)老、機構(gòu)養(yǎng)老和社區(qū)養(yǎng)老。通過分析對比,筆者認為社區(qū)養(yǎng)老模式將成為未來我國老年人養(yǎng)老的主要方式。社區(qū)養(yǎng)老作為社會化養(yǎng)老的一種形式,需要解決的首要問題是養(yǎng)老社區(qū)的建設(shè)和運營管理。 近些年,國內(nèi)外已經(jīng)有很多養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目投產(chǎn)使用,而且養(yǎng)老社區(qū)也越來越受到老年人的追捧,例如上海的親和源養(yǎng)老社區(qū),美國的“太陽城”養(yǎng)老社區(qū)等。我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目具有很大的潛在需求人群,其發(fā)展前景良好。目前,華潤置地、保利地產(chǎn)、萬科、首創(chuàng)置業(yè)等地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商已開始進軍養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)市場,另外服務(wù)業(yè)、保險業(yè)、金融業(yè)等行業(yè)也開始涉足該市場,帶動了全國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目開發(fā)與建設(shè)的熱情。 養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目的增多,使得更多的人開始對該類地產(chǎn)項目的開發(fā)建設(shè)、運營管理等方面進行研究。目前,國內(nèi)針對養(yǎng)老社區(qū)的研究,主要集中在養(yǎng)老社區(qū)的運營管理中的盈利模式方面,但這種研究尚未形成系統(tǒng)。本文的研究對象是我國人口老齡化背景下的養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式,從我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題入手,借鑒美國、歐洲國家、日本等發(fā)達國家的該類地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn),從而提出有利于完善我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式的措施和建議。其主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一部分,本文以當前我國熱點話題為切入點,引伸出養(yǎng)老問題,提出我國現(xiàn)有養(yǎng)老模式不能適應(yīng)老年人養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀,養(yǎng)老設(shè)施不能滿足老年人養(yǎng)老需求這一問題,進而指出養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目的建設(shè)可以成為解決這一問題的途徑。該部分還對養(yǎng)老社區(qū)相關(guān)概念進行了解釋,并界定了本文的研究對象是“綜合型養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目”。此外,在第一部分中,筆者對養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式做出解釋,將其劃分為融資模式、盈利模式和管理模式三方面內(nèi)容。 第二部分,通過對我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目發(fā)展狀況和運營管理模式現(xiàn)狀的了解,總結(jié)出我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式中存在的問題。本章最后,通過“上海親和源養(yǎng)老社區(qū)”這一案例,分析該類地產(chǎn)項目運營管理的優(yōu)缺點。 第三部分,從歐美國家和日本養(yǎng)老社區(qū)發(fā)展的背景入手,分別總結(jié)出其養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理的主要模式,通過案例分析,對其模式進行評價。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出幾點借鑒經(jīng)驗,如完善金融體系和養(yǎng)老保障體系,促進養(yǎng)老產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的形成和發(fā)展等。 第四部分,在前三部分的基礎(chǔ)上,從融資、盈利和管理三個方面入手,提出完善我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式的措施和建議。 第五部分主要是本研究成果的總結(jié),指出雖然我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理模式存在問題,但從當前我國該類項目取得的成就來看,這種運營管理模式整體上是成功的。 本文的研究旨在找出我國養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目運營管理過程中存在的問題,以及解決這些問題的方法,從而豐富和完善我國對養(yǎng)老社區(qū)地產(chǎn)項目的各方面研究,使得養(yǎng)老社區(qū)的研究系統(tǒng)化。無論在理論層面,還是實踐層面,本論文都有一定的意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous increase of the elderly population in China and the change of the internal structure of the elderly population, the problem of aging in China is becoming more serious. Pension problem has become a topic of increasing concern.
In September 13, 2013, the State Council issued the "on accelerating the development of pension services a number of opinions", "to carry out a reverse mortgage housing for the elderly pension insurance pilot caused a discussion from all walks of life." the elderly housing reverse mortgage endowment insurance pilot "is put forward, which makes the Research on the pension problem to a new climax.
This is not the pension problem, but cannot do without the research on pension issues. At present, our country mainly has three kinds of pension model, namely family pension, pension institutions and pension community. Through comparative analysis, the author thinks that the community endowment mode will become the main way of Chinese elderly pension in the future. As a social community endowment a form of pension, the primary issue is the pension community construction and operation management.
In recent years, there have been a lot of community pension real estate projects put into use, and the pension community is also more and more elderly people sought after, such as Shanghai qinheyuan retirement community, the "Sun City" retirement communities. Community endowment real estate projects in China has great potential demand for the crowd, good prospects for development. At present, Huarun group, Poly Real estate, real estate developers such as Vanke, the first home retirement community has begun to enter the real estate market, in addition to the service industry, the insurance industry, the financial industry also began to get involved in the market, driven by the development and construction of real estate projects in the pension community enthusiasm.
Increase in pension real estate projects in the community, so that more people start to this kind of real estate project development and construction, operation and management and other aspects of research. At present, the domestic researches of the pension community, the profit model mainly concentrated in the operation and management of the pension community, but this kind of research has not yet formed a system. The research object of this paper is the background of population aging in China under the pension community real estate project management mode, from the present situation of operation and management mode of community endowment estate project in our country and the existing problems, from the United States, European countries, the real estate project management mode of the experience and lessons of the developed countries such as Japan, which is conducive to the improvement measures and suggestions of operation the management mode of community pension real estate projects in China. Its main contents are as follows:
The first part, based on the current hot topic as the starting point, the extension of the pension problem, put forward the existing pension mode in China cannot adapt to the elderly pension status, pension facilities can not meet the demand of the aged people, and it is pointed out that the pension community real estate project construction can be a way to solve this problem this part. The pension community related concepts are explained, and the definition of the research object of this paper is "comprehensive community endowment real estate projects". In addition, in the first part, the author explained the community endowment estate project management mode, it will be divided into financing mode, profit mode and management mode of three aspects.
The second part, through the development and operation management status of the pension community real estate project in China, summed up the operation and management mode of community endowment real estate projects in our country. At the end of this chapter, through the "Shanghai qinheyuan retirement community" in this case, analysis the advantages and disadvantages of the operation and management of real estate projects.
The third part, starting from Europe and the United States and Japan pension community development background, respectively summed up the main mode of the old-age community real estate project management, through case analysis, to evaluate the model. Based on this, puts forward some experiences, such as perfecting the financial system and the pension system, to promote the formation and development of the pension industry chain.
The fourth part, on the basis of the first three parts, from the three aspects of financing, profitability and management, puts forward the measures and suggestions to improve the operation management mode of the community real estate project in China.
The fifth part is the summary of the research results. It is pointed out that although there are some problems in the operation management mode of the community care projects in China, the operation management mode is successful.
This study aims to find out the existing project management process of China's real estate problems in the pension community, and the methods to solve these problems, so as to enrich and perfect the research on the community real estate projects in China, which makes the research system of the pension community. No matter in theory or practice, and has a certain significance in this paper.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F299.23

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