發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-10 04:04

  本文選題：20世紀(jì)90年代　切入點(diǎn)：城鎮(zhèn)住房制度　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：居住權(quán)是人類(lèi)生存與發(fā)展的基本權(quán)利。“住有所居”既是人類(lèi)生存發(fā)展的基本要求，也是人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展的基本目標(biāo)。住房問(wèn)題是工業(yè)化、城市化的產(chǎn)物。中國(guó)作為一個(gè)人口大國(guó)，人均占有土地資源少，住房問(wèn)題尤為凸顯。1949年新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)行的是國(guó)家或單位所有、實(shí)物形式分配、低租金近乎無(wú)償使用的城鎮(zhèn)住房制度。20世紀(jì)80年代，城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革在一些試點(diǎn)城市展開(kāi)。90年代初，改革擴(kuò)大到全國(guó)范圍，目標(biāo)是建立與社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)相適應(yīng)的城鎮(zhèn)住房新制度。1998年，中國(guó)全面實(shí)行住房分配貨幣化改革，徹底告別了住房分配福利化時(shí)代，成為探索具有中國(guó)特色城鎮(zhèn)住房制度的新起點(diǎn)。 本文以馬克思主義為指導(dǎo)，全面回顧了20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革的歷程，系統(tǒng)總結(jié)期間取得的成就和歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指出改革存在的問(wèn)題，對(duì)繼續(xù)深化改革提出政策建議。全文共分五章，主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一章：緒論。這一章首先闡述了本文的選題意義，包括理論意義、現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值，并在對(duì)相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行評(píng)述的基礎(chǔ)上，說(shuō)明了本文研究的創(chuàng)新之處以及研究方法。 第二章：20世紀(jì)90年代中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革的歷史背景。這一章主要闡述了20世紀(jì)90年代初中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)居民住房的總體狀況，指出了當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)住房制度存在的問(wèn)題，分析了住房制度改革難以全面展開(kāi)的原因。 第三章：20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革的歷程。這一章主要是對(duì)20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革的歷程進(jìn)行了全面梳理，將整個(gè)改革的歷程劃分為四個(gè)階段，分析了每一階段改革的主要內(nèi)容及取得的進(jìn)展。 第四章：城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革取得的成就和面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)。這一章概括了歷經(jīng)20多年的城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革所取得的成就，分析了住房制度改革存在的問(wèn)題，并針對(duì)存在的問(wèn)題提出對(duì)策建議。 第五章：城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這一章總結(jié)了20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)的中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革取得的主要經(jīng)驗(yàn)，即堅(jiān)持住房改革的商品化、社會(huì)化方向，堅(jiān)持政府主導(dǎo)下的漸進(jìn)性改革，堅(jiān)持綜合運(yùn)用市場(chǎng)和宏觀調(diào)控的雙重手段，堅(jiān)持符合中國(guó)國(guó)情的住房觀念。作者認(rèn)為只有堅(jiān)持這些歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不斷深化改革，才能真正解決好中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)居民的住房問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:The right of residence is the basic right of human existence and development. "living and living" is not only the basic requirement of human survival and development, but also the basic goal of human social development. Housing problem is the product of industrialization and urbanization. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, China has long implemented a system of urban housing, which is owned by the state or units, distributed in kind, with low rents and nearly free use. In 80s, the housing system in cities and towns has been used for a long time since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The reform of urban housing system was carried out in some pilot cities in the early 1990s, and the reform was extended to the whole country with the goal of establishing a new system of urban housing in line with the socialist market economy. In 1998, China fully implemented the reform of housing distribution monetization. It has completely bid farewell to the era of housing distribution and welfare, and has become a new starting point for exploring the housing system of towns with Chinese characteristics. Under the guidance of Marxism, this paper comprehensively reviews the course of urban housing system reform in China since 1990s, systematically summarizes the achievements and historical experiences during the period, and points out the problems existing in the reform. The full text is divided into five chapters, the main contents are as follows:. Chapter one: introduction. This chapter first expounds the significance of this paper, including theoretical significance, practical significance and academic value, and on the basis of the review of relevant studies, explains the innovation and research methods of this paper. Chapter 2: the historical background of the reform of China's urban housing system in 90s of the 20th century. This chapter mainly expounds the general situation of the housing system of urban residents in China at the beginning of 1990s, and points out the problems existing in the housing system of China's cities and towns at that time. This paper analyzes the reasons why housing system reform is difficult to carry out in an all-round way. Chapter three: the course of China's urban housing system reform since 90s. This chapter mainly reviews the course of China's urban housing system reform since 1990s. The whole course of reform is divided into four stages, and the main contents and progress of each stage are analyzed. Chapter 4th: the achievements and new challenges of urban housing system reform. This chapter summarizes the achievements of urban housing system reform after more than 20 years, and analyzes the existing problems of housing system reform. Countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the existing problems. Chapter 5th: the historical experience of urban housing system reform. This chapter summarizes the main experience of China's urban housing system reform since 1990s, that is, adhere to the direction of commercialization and socialization of housing reform. The author insists on the gradual reform under the guidance of the government, the comprehensive use of the dual means of market and macro-control, and the concept of housing in accordance with China's national conditions. Only then can the housing problem of Chinese urban residents be solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F299.23

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