本文選題：電信運(yùn)營企業(yè) + 跨國經(jīng)營　； 參考：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：區(qū)位決策是企業(yè)對外直接投資過程中的首要問題,也是現(xiàn)階段中國電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)在“走出去”過程中面臨的重要決策問題。目標(biāo)國選擇的好壞直接關(guān)系到企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營的成敗。電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)深受管制制度影響,各國在電信市場準(zhǔn)入制度上的差異使企業(yè)能否進(jìn)入目標(biāo)國以及以何種地位進(jìn)入均具有很大的不確定性,而全球移動(dòng)通信市場逐步趨于飽和更使這種有限的市場進(jìn)入機(jī)遇變得越來越具有競爭性,這使得傳統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)市場選擇方法難以滿足決策需要,成功的市場進(jìn)入需要企業(yè)從戰(zhàn)略視角審視目標(biāo)國選擇問題。本文基于競爭優(yōu)勢理論和FDI區(qū)位理論,從電信產(chǎn)業(yè)特性出發(fā)總結(jié)了電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營的現(xiàn)狀和特點(diǎn),在案例研究和大樣本統(tǒng)計(jì)實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上,挖掘電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營績效的關(guān)鍵影響因素,并據(jù)此構(gòu)建了目標(biāo)國選擇(TCS)決策模型,以中國移動(dòng)為例進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用研究,為企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營目標(biāo)國選擇提供戰(zhàn)略建議。 本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要有以下三個(gè)方面： 1、對全球20家跨國電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)在152個(gè)國家的競爭地位數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì),探討了企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營理論對電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)的適用性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營并不總是從周邊國家開始,其區(qū)位分布是隨各國電信私有化和自由化改革進(jìn)程的時(shí)間順序進(jìn)行。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展落后、國家風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高的新興國家正成為投資熱點(diǎn),這與傳統(tǒng)目標(biāo)市場選擇方法的結(jié)論相悖�，F(xiàn)有的文獻(xiàn)沒有論證殖民地、語言等因素對企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營區(qū)位分布的影響程度,本文運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果區(qū)分了各因素在不同區(qū)域?qū)Σ煌髽I(yè)的影響。歷史上的殖民地因素在拉丁美洲影響顯著,語言和宗教因素在阿拉伯國家影響顯著,區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化因素在歐洲影響顯著,在非洲和亞太國家各因素均有影響,但影響程度在逐步弱化,在亞太國家尚沒有形成具有區(qū)域主導(dǎo)地位的運(yùn)營商。研究建議企業(yè)在跨國經(jīng)營初期階段應(yīng)避免選擇這些因素影響顯著的區(qū)域。 2、選取了20家跨國電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)從1995年至2009年的162次市場進(jìn)入行為數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用多元回歸分析等方法論證了企業(yè)進(jìn)入目標(biāo)國時(shí)的排名是電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營績效的關(guān)鍵影響因素。本文將電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營績效的影響因素分為目標(biāo)國環(huán)境因素和企業(yè)市場進(jìn)入行為兩類,提出了各影響因素與績效之間關(guān)系的7項(xiàng)研究假設(shè),設(shè)置了相應(yīng)的10個(gè)變量。研究結(jié)果表明,3項(xiàng)研究假設(shè)得到驗(yàn)證,其中企業(yè)進(jìn)入目標(biāo)國時(shí)的排名與企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營運(yùn)營績效呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,目標(biāo)國競爭者數(shù)量和進(jìn)入時(shí)移動(dòng)用戶普及率與企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營績效呈微弱負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。而與原假設(shè)結(jié)論相反的是,目標(biāo)國國家競爭力水平對企業(yè)跨國經(jīng)營財(cái)務(wù)績效產(chǎn)生一定負(fù)向影響。因此,建議企業(yè)選擇能取得較高市場進(jìn)入排名的目標(biāo)國,選擇移動(dòng)用戶普及率低、競爭者數(shù)量相對較少的國家并正視目標(biāo)國國家競爭力水平低可能帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),這一結(jié)論為TCS決策模型的指標(biāo)設(shè)置提供了論據(jù)。 3、構(gòu)建了TCS決策模型,并以中國移動(dòng)為例對模型進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用研究,提供了具體到國家層次的目標(biāo)國評價(jià)結(jié)果。本文按跨國經(jīng)營的不同動(dòng)因?qū)⒛Ｐ头殖蓪で笫袌龊妥冯S客戶兩大類,決策按動(dòng)因分析、目標(biāo)國篩選、目標(biāo)國評估、戰(zhàn)略制定四個(gè)程序依次進(jìn)行�，F(xiàn)有的電信運(yùn)營企業(yè)目標(biāo)市場選擇文獻(xiàn)多是基于區(qū)域的選擇結(jié)果和建議,方法上未考慮市場進(jìn)入地位不確定情況下各影響因素的不同表現(xiàn),本文在TCS模型構(gòu)建過程中綜合了前人的研究成果和研究假設(shè)的論證結(jié)果,在篩選機(jī)制中設(shè)置定量指標(biāo),在評估機(jī)制中采用定性定量指標(biāo)相結(jié)合的方法,拓寬了評估范圍。在兩類決策過程中,分別對191個(gè)國家和30個(gè)國家樣本進(jìn)行篩選和評估,得到了五組戰(zhàn)略方案組合,結(jié)果表明,與新加坡電信進(jìn)行少數(shù)股權(quán)合作、收購MTN部分股權(quán)進(jìn)入非洲市場、等待埃塞俄比亞和緬甸市場開放機(jī)遇在五組方案中相對較優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:Location decision is the primary problem in the process of enterprise foreign direct investment. It is also an important decision problem facing China Telecom operating enterprises in the process of "going out" at the present stage. The choice of the target country is directly related to the success or failure of the transnational operation of the enterprise. The Telecom operation enterprise is deeply influenced by the management system, and the countries are in the access system of the telecom market. The difference in degree makes it possible for enterprises to enter the target country and to what position they are entering, and the global mobile communication market is becoming more and more saturated. This makes the opportunity of the limited market becoming more and more competitive. This makes the traditional choice method of the target market difficult to meet the needs of decision-making and the successful market. In this paper, based on the competitive advantage theory and FDI location theory, this paper summarizes the current situation and characteristics of the transnational operation of telecom operators based on the competitive advantage theory and the location theory of telecom industry. On the basis of case study and large sample statistical empirical research, it excavate the transnational operation performance of telecom operators. On the basis of this, the decision model of the target country selection (TCS) was constructed, and the application of China Mobile was used as an example to provide strategic suggestions for the selection of multinational management target countries.
The innovative points of this paper are mainly the following three aspects:
1, statistics on the competitive position data of 20 transnational telecom operators in 152 countries are carried out, and the applicability of the theory of enterprise transnational operation to telecom operators is discussed. The research finds that the transnational operation of the telecom operators does not always start from the surrounding countries, and its location distribution is followed by the reform of the privatization and liberalization of telecommunications in various countries. The economic development is backward, the economic development is backward, the country with high risk is becoming the hot spot of investment, which is contrary to the conclusion of the traditional target market selection method. The existing literature does not demonstrate the influence of colonies and language factors on the location distribution of enterprises' transnational operation. The influence of the same region on different enterprises. The colonial factors in the history have significant influence on Latin America. The factors of language and religion have significant influence on Arabia countries. The factors of regional economic integration are significant in Europe and are affected by various factors in Africa and Asia Pacific countries, but the degree of influence is gradually weakening and has not yet been formed in the Asia Pacific countries. Operators with regional dominance suggest that enterprises should avoid choosing those areas with significant impact in the initial stage of transnational operation.
2, it selects 20 transnational telecom operators from 1995 to 2009 to enter the 162 market behavior data, and uses multiple regression analysis to demonstrate that the ranking of enterprises entering the target country is the key influencing factor of the transnational operation performance of the telecom operators. This paper divides the influence factors of the transnational operation performance of the telecom operators into the eye. There are two types of environmental factors and market entry behavior in the standard country, and 7 research hypotheses of the relationship between the influence factors and the performance are put forward, and the corresponding 10 variables are set up. The results show that the 3 research hypotheses are verified, and the ranking of the enterprises when they enter the target country has a significant positive correlation with the business performance of the enterprises across the country. There is a weak negative correlation between the number of competitors and the penetration rate of mobile users and the performance of transnational business. Contrary to the original hypothesis, the level of national competitiveness of the target country has a negative impact on the financial performance of the enterprise transnational operation. Therefore, it is suggested that the enterprises choose to choose the target countries which can be ranked higher in the market. This conclusion provides an argument for the setting of the TCS decision model.
3, the TCS decision model is constructed, and the model is studied with China Mobile as an example. The results are provided to the country level target country. This paper divides the model into two categories: seeking market and following customers according to the different motivation of transnational operation, decision making analysis, target country screening, target country evaluation, and strategy making four. The procedure is carried out in turn. Most of the existing telecom operators' target market selection literature is based on the regional selection results and suggestions. The method does not consider the different performance of the influence factors under the uncertainty of market entry status. In the process of building the TCS model, the results of previous research results and research hypotheses are integrated. In the selection mechanism, the quantitative index is set up and the method of combining qualitative and quantitative indexes in the evaluation mechanism is used to broaden the scope of evaluation. In the two decision-making process, 191 countries and 30 countries are screened and evaluated respectively, and five groups of strategic plan combinations are obtained. The result shows that the minority equity cooperation with Singapore Telecom and the acquisition of M TN part of the equity entered the African market, waiting for Ethiopia and Burma market opening opportunities in the five group of programs are relatively better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F626

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