【摘要】：隨著中小城鎮(zhèn)就地城鎮(zhèn)化的進(jìn)程加快,具備一定條件的城市農(nóng)民工在權(quán)衡城鄉(xiāng)利益以后,做出返鄉(xiāng)的決定,其中,有返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)意愿的農(nóng)民工為數(shù)眾多。政府在此背景下出臺(tái)了一系列支持農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的相關(guān)優(yōu)惠政策。但是,中央政府站在決策的制高點(diǎn),提出的優(yōu)惠政策對(duì)承接農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的地方政府和返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的農(nóng)民工個(gè)人而言可能并不適用,從而對(duì)支持農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)所起到的作用非常有限。同時(shí),城鄉(xiāng)之間固化的戶籍制度、教育制度以及公共服務(wù)體制的二元結(jié)構(gòu)剛性使得城鄉(xiāng)之間的社會(huì)福利逐漸拉大,從而阻礙了農(nóng)民工的長期性返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)。本文以制度支持為切入點(diǎn),通過文獻(xiàn)研究法和歸納演繹法,梳理分析就地城鎮(zhèn)化與農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)之間所存在的雙向作用,歸納總結(jié)出中國現(xiàn)行土地制度、戶籍制度、教育制度與社會(huì)保障制度等城鄉(xiāng)二元體制對(duì)農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的阻礙作用,中央政府提供的融資支持制度、稅費(fèi)優(yōu)惠制度、創(chuàng)業(yè)教育培訓(xùn)制度供給與農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的制度需求不匹配以及地方政府有關(guān)執(zhí)行力的制度存在缺陷。上述阻礙因素的存在源于中央政府與地方政府利益訴求的非一致性、城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中地方政府對(duì)土地財(cái)政制度的路徑依賴以及城鄉(xiāng)二元體制中存在的自我強(qiáng)化實(shí)施機(jī)制。由此,本文提出構(gòu)建創(chuàng)業(yè)支持制度、土地制度、城鄉(xiāng)一體化的公共服務(wù)制度與強(qiáng)化執(zhí)行力的制度的農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)"四位一體"制度支持體系。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of local urbanization in small and medium-sized towns, urban migrant workers with certain conditions make the decision of returning home after weighing the interests of urban and rural areas, among which, there are a large number of migrant workers who have the will to return to their hometown to start their own businesses. In this context, the government issued a series of preferential policies to support migrant workers returning to start their own businesses. However, the central government stands at the commanding height of decision-making, and the preferential policies proposed may not be applicable to the local governments that undertake the return of migrant workers to start their own businesses and the individual migrant workers who return to their hometowns to start their own businesses. Thus, the role of supporting migrant workers to return home to start a business is very limited. At the same time, the rigid dual structure of household registration system, education system and public service system between urban and rural areas makes the social welfare between urban and rural areas gradually expand, thus hindering the long-term return of migrant workers to start their own businesses. This text regards system support as the breakthrough point, through the literature research method and inductive deductive method, combs and analyzes the two-way function between the local urbanization and the peasant workers returning home to start a business, sums up the current land system, the household registration system of China. The dual urban and rural systems, such as the education system and the social security system, are hindering the return of migrant workers to start their own businesses, the financing support system provided by the central government, the preferential tax and fee system, The supply of entrepreneurship education and training system does not match with the system demand of migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own businesses, and the local government's system of executive power has some defects. The existence of the above obstacles stems from the inconsistency of the interests of the central government and the local government, the path dependence of the local government on the land financial system in the process of urbanization and the self-strengthening implementation mechanism in the dual system of urban and rural areas. Therefore, this paper puts forward the "four-in-one" system supporting the establishment of entrepreneurship support system, land system, urban and rural integration of public service system and strengthening the implementation of the system of migrant workers returning home to start their own businesses.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F299.21;F323.6;F279.2

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