本文選題：小額信貸 + 農(nóng)戶��； 參考：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是一個農(nóng)業(yè)大國,“三農(nóng)”問題始終是進行改革、建設(shè)和發(fā)展的根本之所在。然而,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率低直接導致了農(nóng)戶收入水平低,進一步導致了農(nóng)戶對資本的擁有能力,導致了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營資金的投入有限,不利于農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,阻礙農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平提高,難以農(nóng)戶提高收入水平。為了進行生產(chǎn)投資,貸款成為農(nóng)戶首要選擇,通過有效的貸款來促成農(nóng)戶的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。小額信貸作為一種有效的扶貧手段,不僅可以緩解農(nóng)村金融市場上資金借貸困難問題,優(yōu)化農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)體制,還可以促進農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。雖然農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的進程正在逐步加快,但家庭農(nóng)業(yè)仍是我國農(nóng)業(yè)中占統(tǒng)治地位的經(jīng)濟主體,激發(fā)農(nóng)戶的生產(chǎn)積極性,為農(nóng)民發(fā)家致富提供了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的有效保證。20世紀末,完整意義上的小額信貸才在我國出現(xiàn)。相較于國際上其他國家而言,我國小額信貸起步較晚,發(fā)展緩慢,照搬孟加拉國的鄉(xiāng)村銀行模式。雖有眾多的專家學者對小額信貸“本土化”進行了研究,但大多數(shù)關(guān)注的是宏觀環(huán)境,以績效分析和可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論闡述為主,對于具體地區(qū)的實證分析較少,且缺乏有力的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)分析來支持理論。凱恩斯貨幣需求理論、非對稱信息理論、不完全競爭理論都是西方經(jīng)濟學中應(yīng)用較為廣泛的理論,有著豐富的實證研究,深受研究者們的歡迎。本文以上述西方經(jīng)濟學理論為出發(fā)點,將其應(yīng)用到含山縣農(nóng)戶小額信貸需求影響因素的分析當中,在參考其他相關(guān)研究調(diào)查問卷的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合含山縣當?shù)剞r(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營的特點,設(shè)計了本研究的調(diào)查問卷。通過在含山縣各個鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)發(fā)放,并通過計量軟件spss、eviews軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行整理、回歸。首先,本文先概括含山縣經(jīng)濟發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,了解該地區(qū)小額信貸的相關(guān)主體,以及含山縣當?shù)剞r(nóng)戶小額信貸的供給現(xiàn)狀,包括有正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)和非正規(guī)金融組織的。其次,本文用西方經(jīng)濟學理論凱恩斯貨幣需求理論、信息不對稱理論、不完全競爭理論分析了含山縣農(nóng)戶小額信貸需求,得出農(nóng)戶對于小額信貸的需求主要用于滿足交易性動機和謹慎性動機；信息的非對性造成資金的供需雙方難以完成借貸；正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)和非正規(guī)組織在農(nóng)戶小額信貸提供上的不完全,邊緣農(nóng)戶難以獲得信貸服務(wù)。最終根據(jù)以上3個理論設(shè)計了本文的調(diào)查問卷,具體見附件。再次,通過對于調(diào)查問卷的回歸分析,得出以下結(jié)論：第一、戶主性別與含山縣農(nóng)戶小額信貸需求影響不顯著。第二、戶主年齡、農(nóng)戶家庭收入、人均耕地面積與含山縣農(nóng)戶小額信貸需求負相關(guān)。第三、家庭人口數(shù)、戶主受教育水平與含山縣農(nóng)戶小額信貸需求正相關(guān)。最后,從農(nóng)戶自身角度、政府角度以及金融機構(gòu)三個方面,來提出滿足現(xiàn)有農(nóng)戶自身小額信貸需求和引導小額信貸機構(gòu)發(fā)展的建議,其中農(nóng)戶應(yīng)提升自身文化素質(zhì),提高自身金融素質(zhì),增強對于資金的使用效率；政府應(yīng)完善保障體系,加強信用建設(shè),健全金融監(jiān)管；運用7P理論對金融機構(gòu)提出合理建議,為促進含山縣農(nóng)戶小額信貸發(fā)展,加快含山縣經(jīng)濟發(fā)展速度提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:China is a big agricultural country. The "three rural" problem is always the fundamental place for reform, construction and development. However, the low agricultural productivity leads to the low income level of farmers, which leads to the ability of the farmers to have the capital, which leads to the limited investment in the agricultural production and management funds, which is not conducive to the development of the rural economy and hinders the farmers. It is difficult for farmers to improve their income level. In order to make investment in production, loans become the primary choice of farmers, and through effective loans to promote agricultural production. As an effective means of poverty alleviation, micro credit can not only alleviate the problems of financing difficulties in rural financial markets, and optimize the body of rural financial institutions. It can also promote the development of the rural economy. Although the process of agricultural modernization is accelerating gradually, the family agriculture is still the dominant economic subject in our agriculture. It can stimulate the enthusiasm of the farmers and provide the farmers with the effective guarantee of sustainable development. The end of the.20 century is the complete meaning of microcredit in me. Compared with other countries in the world, microcredit in China started late, developed slowly and copied the rural bank model of Bangladesh. Although many experts and scholars have studied the "localization" of microfinance, most of them are concerned with the macro environment, which are mainly based on the theory of performance analysis and sustainable development, and There are few empirical analyses in specific areas, and lack of strong investigation data analysis to support the theory. Keynes's monetary demand theory, asymmetric information theory, and incomplete competition theory are widely used in western economics. There are abundant empirical studies, which are well received by researchers. This paper describes the western economics theory above. On the basis of the analysis of the influencing factors of the farmers' demand for microfinance in the county of Hanshan County, on the basis of the other relevant research questionnaire, the paper designs the questionnaire of this study on the basis of the characteristics of the production and management of the local farmers in the county of the county of the county, and through the distribution of the towns and villages in the county of the county of the county, and through the measurement software SPSS, Eviews First, this article generalizes the present situation of the economic development of the county, and understands the relevant subjects of the microcredit in this area, as well as the supply status of the local farmers' microfinance in the county, including the regular financial institutions and the informal financial organizations. Secondly, this paper uses the Keynes monetary demand theory of western economics theory. On the basis of information asymmetry theory and incomplete competition theory, the demand of farmers' microfinance in the county of Hanshan county is analyzed. It is concluded that farmers' demand for micro credit is mainly used to meet the transaction motivation and prudent motivation; the non right information of the information is difficult to complete the loan between the supply and demand sides of the funds; the regular financial institutions and the informal organizations are small in the farmers. It is difficult for marginal farmers to obtain credit services. Finally, according to the above 3 theories, the questionnaire is designed, and the appendix is specifically designed. Thirdly, through the regression analysis of the questionnaire, the following conclusions are made: first, the gender of the household and the small credit demand of farmers in the County of the county are not significant. Second, the year of the household. Age, household income and per capita cultivated land area have a negative correlation with the demand for microfinance of farmers in the county. Third, the number of family population, the education level of household owners is positively related to the demand for microfinance of farmers in the county of the county. Finally, from the angle of farmers themselves, the government angle and the financial institutions three aspects, to meet the needs of the existing farmers' own microfinance. It is suggested that the farmers should improve their own cultural quality, improve their own financial quality and enhance the efficiency of the use of funds. The government should improve the security system, strengthen the credit construction and improve the financial supervision, and put forward reasonable suggestions to the financial institutions by using the 7P theory, in order to promote the microfinance of the farmers in the county. Development has provided a new way of thinking for speeding up the economic development of Hanshan county.
【學位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.4

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