本文選題：小額貸款公司 + 使命偏移　； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：小額信貸機構(gòu)的社會目標是服務(wù)低收入的貧困群體、為他們提供基本的金融服務(wù),但其在商業(yè)化過程中容易放棄窮人和低收入者而青睞較為富裕的人群,出現(xiàn)使命偏移問題。我國農(nóng)村金融體系不完善,農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融服務(wù)不足,普遍存在金融抑制現(xiàn)象,需要進行農(nóng)村金融體制改革,大力發(fā)展普惠金融。在這樣的背景下,小額貸款公司應(yīng)時而生。 設(shè)立小額貸款公司的政策初衷是服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”和小微企業(yè)。在系統(tǒng)梳理我國發(fā)展小額貸款公司的相關(guān)文件基礎(chǔ)上,分析了當(dāng)前小額貸款公司發(fā)展的政策環(huán)境。借鑒國際經(jīng)驗,設(shè)計了小額貸款公司使命偏移的衡量標準,并指出使命偏移可能的表現(xiàn)。利用江蘇、浙江兩省小額貸款公司的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,可知兩省小額貸款公司平均貸款規(guī)模較大、貸款利率超過目標客戶的承受能力且不符合本地區(qū)政策規(guī)定、大部分小額貸款公司設(shè)立在市區(qū)或是城鎮(zhèn)且將服務(wù)對象定位為中小企業(yè),小額貸款公司的發(fā)展已經(jīng)偏離了政策初衷,存在使命偏移問題。 本文認為設(shè)立機構(gòu)的動機存在誤差、制度設(shè)計存在缺陷、缺乏全國統(tǒng)一的績效評價機制、地方金融監(jiān)管缺位、監(jiān)管標準差異較大、內(nèi)部管理制度不夠健全等方面是導(dǎo)致小額貸款公司出現(xiàn)使命偏移問題的主要原因。建議從明確法律地位,改善融資環(huán)境;合理規(guī)劃布局,加大財稅政策扶持；明確監(jiān)管主體,完善監(jiān)管體系；加強內(nèi)部管理創(chuàng)新建設(shè),降低交易成本；重視口碑營銷,加強業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新等方面來有效治理小額貸款公司使命偏移問題。
[Abstract]:The social goal of microfinance institutions is to provide basic financial services to the low-income groups, but they tend to abandon the poor and low-income people in favor of the wealthier people in the process of commercialization, which leads to the problem of mission deviation. The rural financial system in our country is not perfect, the financial service in rural areas is insufficient, and the phenomenon of financial repression exists generally. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the rural financial system and develop inclusive finance. In this context, microfinance companies should be born. The original intention of setting up a microfinance company is to serve the "three rural" and small-sized enterprises. On the basis of systematically combing the relevant documents of developing microfinance companies in China, this paper analyzes the current policy environment for the development of microfinance companies. Using international experience for reference, the paper designs the measurement standard of mission deviation of microfinance companies, and points out the possible performance of mission deviation. By using the relevant data from the microfinance companies in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, we can see that the average loan scale of the two provinces is large, the loan interest rate exceeds the affordability of the target customers and does not conform to the local policy regulations. Most of the microfinance companies are set up in the urban areas or towns and the service target is small and medium-sized enterprises. The development of microfinance companies has deviated from the original intention of the policy and has the problem of mission deviation. This paper argues that there are errors in the motivation of setting up institutions, defects in system design, lack of a unified performance evaluation mechanism across the country, absence of local financial supervision, and large differences in regulatory standards. The internal management system is not perfect and other aspects are the main reasons for the misguided mission of microfinance companies. Some suggestions are put forward, such as clear legal status, improvement of financing environment, rational layout planning, increasing fiscal and tax policy support, clear supervision body and perfect supervision system, strengthening internal management innovation construction, reducing transaction cost, paying attention to word-of-mouth marketing. Strengthen business innovation and other aspects to effectively manage the mission deviation of microfinance companies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.4

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