LC公司電解槽工程內(nèi)部審計問題研究
本文選題:內(nèi)部審計 + 跟蹤審計; 參考:《遼寧大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)步伐的加快,項目建設(shè)及技術(shù)改造工程已成為推動國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的生力軍。2013年,全國固定資產(chǎn)投資為(不含農(nóng)戶)436528億元,,比上年名義增長19.6%(扣除價格因素實際增長19.2%)。2013年全國GDP(國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值)為568845億元,固定資產(chǎn)投資占到了國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的76.7%。①越來越多的工程項目背后卻隱藏著工程質(zhì)量較低、成本費用偏高等實際問題。由此,企業(yè)進(jìn)行工程項目內(nèi)部審計的必要性顯而易見。 本文選擇LC公司的電解槽制作安裝工程為研究對象。LC公司是一家大型國有企業(yè),擁有一級施工總承包資質(zhì)。其施工過程中的各個環(huán)節(jié)在國內(nèi)項目建設(shè)及技術(shù)改造工程中具有一定的代表性。其電解槽制作安裝工程項目合同總造價:1766.2630萬元,成本費用利潤率為-7.92%,經(jīng)營利潤率為-6.22%,項目經(jīng)營共計虧損1541505.45元。工程項目資料內(nèi)容詳實,數(shù)據(jù)真實可靠。對此項目進(jìn)行工程內(nèi)部審計,找出其問題所在,具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義及價值。 本文主要是從LC公司的角度出發(fā),將理論探究與分析、定性闡述相結(jié)合,以電解槽制作安裝工程為實例進(jìn)行了深入研究。首先從內(nèi)部審計、工程項目審計的職能、特征為出發(fā)點,對工程項目內(nèi)部審計的相關(guān)理論做以闡述。然后詳細(xì)介紹了電解槽安裝工程的內(nèi)部審計現(xiàn)狀及特點。在研究中,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)LC公司的內(nèi)部審計工作仍然很脆弱,存在著一些問題。在第三章,就其對電解槽工程內(nèi)部審計過程中出現(xiàn)的問題做了詳細(xì)的闡述,比如,審計人員隊伍過于單薄,專業(yè)勝任能力不足,缺乏獨立性;審計理念過于落后,仍舊以查錯防弊的賬項基礎(chǔ)審計為主,而缺乏對工程的監(jiān)督和服務(wù)職能;審計人員的審計方法過于單一和落后,不能準(zhǔn)確地運用恰當(dāng)?shù)膶徲嫹椒ㄍ瓿上鄳?yīng)的審計工作;審計人員的介入時間過于滯后,缺乏全過程跟蹤審計等。對于發(fā)現(xiàn)的上述問題,筆者通過與LC公司的審計人員溝通、翻閱審計的工作底稿、查閱大量有關(guān)工程內(nèi)部審計的文獻(xiàn)資料,尋找出這些內(nèi)部審計中存在問題的根本原因。審計人員的問題歸根結(jié)底是組織結(jié)構(gòu)的不完整所造成的,這就好比只有河道疏通,淤泥才不會堆積,洪水才不會泛濫一樣;而審計理念的落后是由于公司缺乏工程質(zhì)量風(fēng)險管理;審計方法的單一落后是沒有內(nèi)部審計基礎(chǔ)造成的;而介入時點落后的原因是缺乏完整的審計流程。針對這些問題及原因,在第五章為LC公司的內(nèi)部審計工作提出了一點建議。如完善內(nèi)部審計組織機(jī)構(gòu)、強(qiáng)化風(fēng)險導(dǎo)向內(nèi)部審計模式、豐富工程內(nèi)部審計方法、開展分階段工程項目跟蹤審計。 在文章的最后,筆者對全文進(jìn)行了概況,總結(jié)了三點結(jié)論。首先,對于工程項目的內(nèi)部審計工作順利開展和有效運行,需要有科學(xué)合理的內(nèi)部審計組織結(jié)構(gòu)做支撐。其次工程項目的審計模式應(yīng)充分考慮各種施工風(fēng)險,以提高工程質(zhì)量和施工效率為審計宗旨,并結(jié)合科學(xué)有效的審計手段按計劃開展審計工作。最后,對于工程項目的審計有必要實行全過程的跟蹤審計。分別在設(shè)計造價階段、招投標(biāo)過程、項目合同及建設(shè)階段、項目施工階段以及項目結(jié)算等各環(huán)節(jié)開展審計活動。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of our country ' s economic construction , the project construction and technical transformation project has become the force of promoting the gross domestic product . In 2013 , the investment in fixed assets of the whole country ( excluding the farmer ) was 436528 billion yuan , up 19.6 % over the nominal growth of the previous year ( the actual increase of the price factor by 19.2 % ) . In 2013 , the gross domestic product ( GDP ) was 568845 billion yuan , and the investment of fixed assets accounted for 76.7 % of the gross domestic product .
LC Company is a large - scale state - owned enterprise with the qualification of the general contracting qualification of the first - level construction . The total cost of the production and installation of the electrolytic cell is - 7.92 % , the operating profit margin is - 6.22 % , the total loss of the project is - 7.92 % , the operating profit margin is - 6.22 % , the total loss of the project is 15.41505 . 45 yuan . The project data content is detailed and the data is true and reliable . The project carries out internal audit of the project , finds out the problem and has certain practical significance and value .
This paper is mainly from the angle of LC company , the theory inquiry and analysis , the qualitative exposition combined , the electrolytic cell production and installation engineering as an example . First , from the internal audit , the project audit function , the characteristic as the starting point , the internal audit of the project internal audit is discussed in detail . In the third chapter , the author finds that LC company ' s internal audit work is still very fragile , there are some problems . In the third chapter , the audit personnel team is too thin , professional competence is insufficient , lack of independence ;
The audit concept is too backward , still based on the account of error - checking and fraud , and lacks the supervision and service function of the project ;
The audit method of auditors is too single and backward , and the appropriate audit method cannot be used to complete the corresponding audit work accurately ;
The auditors ' intervention time is too late , lack of whole process tracking audit , etc . For the above mentioned problems , the writer communicates with the auditors of the LC company to review the work draft of the audit , to find out the root cause of the problems in these internal audit .
The backwardness of the audit concept is due to the lack of project quality risk management in the company ;
The single lag of the audit method is caused by the absence of an internal audit basis ;
For these problems and reasons , some suggestions are put forward for the internal audit work of LC company in Chapter V . For example , we should perfect internal audit organization , strengthen risk - oriented internal audit mode , enrich the internal audit method of the project , and conduct phase - phased project tracking audit .
At the end of the paper , the author summarizes the whole text , summarizes the three - point conclusion . First , it needs scientific and reasonable internal audit organization structure to support the internal audit work of the project . Secondly , the audit mode of the project should take full consideration of various construction risks to improve the engineering quality and the construction efficiency . Finally , it is necessary to carry out the whole - process audit of the audit of the project . Finally , the audit activities are carried out in the design cost phase , the bidding process , the project contract and the construction phase , the project construction stage and the project settlement .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:F426.92;F239.45
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 路偉;;工程結(jié)算審計工作應(yīng)用及探討[J];財會通訊;2011年01期
2 戴長模;;內(nèi)部審計對基建工程結(jié)算審計風(fēng)險的控制[J];工業(yè)審計與會計;2013年01期
3 李偉;;淺談高校小型修繕工程內(nèi)部審計存在的問題及對策[J];河北企業(yè);2012年06期
4 肖建義;;強(qiáng)化工程造價跟蹤審計的思考:問題與對策[J];金融經(jīng)濟(jì);2011年12期
5 劉國永;;建設(shè)工程審計中常見問題分析與解決途徑[J];財會研究;2012年01期
6 鄧雄;;淺談工程審計方法現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展[J];技術(shù)與市場;2013年03期
7 黃偉;;工程結(jié)算審計過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題及其成因簡析[J];審計與理財;2011年11期
8 李城漳;;從送審資料審核著手做好工程結(jié)算審計[J];審計與理財;2012年08期
9 楊學(xué)華;楊莉;;風(fēng)險導(dǎo)向內(nèi)部審計在企業(yè)風(fēng)險管理中應(yīng)用不暢的成因分析[J];商業(yè)會計;2012年05期
10 田斌;;建設(shè)工程結(jié)算審計基本原則淺析[J];現(xiàn)代審計與經(jīng)濟(jì);2013年02期
本文編號:1959438
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/jingjilunwen/sjlw/1959438.html