同其他經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)一樣,全球的農(nóng)業(yè)部門也面臨著多重風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要包括技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn),生產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn),人力資源風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn),然而自然風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也阻礙了高回報(bào)率。因此,農(nóng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很可能會(huì)使一個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長放緩,這將很容易增加一個(gè)地區(qū)的貧困水平。立足于這個(gè)亟待解決的問題,為確定巴基斯坦信德省農(nóng)民所面臨的各種農(nóng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)而導(dǎo)致的農(nóng)場適應(yīng)和收入多樣化戰(zhàn)略,開展了一項(xiàng)研究。為此,對(duì)農(nóng)民的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)行為和應(yīng)對(duì)可能相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的策略,以及與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)屬性,感知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來源和應(yīng)對(duì)策略的關(guān)聯(lián)性進(jìn)行了分析。本研究還分析了:i)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知,ii)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知,iii)收入多樣化戰(zhàn)略,iv)管理災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的多元化戰(zhàn)略,以及v)管理災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的多種工具。為實(shí)現(xiàn)研究目標(biāo),在巴基斯坦信德省,根據(jù)定量參數(shù)開展了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,采用有效可靠的多階段集群方法,對(duì)來自印度河左岸8個(gè)區(qū)的480名受訪者/農(nóng)民進(jìn)行了問卷采樣。繼而,使用兩個(gè)軟件如SPSS和AMOS估計(jì)結(jié)果并開發(fā)結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型。研究結(jié)果顯示,當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民正在根據(jù)自己的能力處理各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)矩陣和ELCE（等可能性確定當(dāng)量）方法被用于確定農(nóng)民的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)態(tài)度。使用二元logistic回歸模型評(píng)估影響農(nóng)... 

【文章來源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：192 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgement
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Abstract
摘要
Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Agriculture in Pakistan
    1.3 Disaster Risks in Pakistan
    1.4 Disasters and Agricultural Sector of Pakistan
    1.5 Problem statement
    1.6 Research Questions
    1.7 Purpose and importance of the study
    1.8 Hypothesis of the Study
    1.9 Innovations and Limitations
Chapter-2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
    2.1 The Concept of Risk and Uncertainty in Agriculture
    2.2 Risk Sources in Agriculture
        2.2.1 Risk perceptions
        2.2.2 Risk attitudes
    2.3 Risk Management Strategies
        2.3.1 Ex-ante Strategies (Pre-realization of an incident)
        2.3.2 Ex-post Risk Strategies
        2.3.3 Business Risk
        2.3.4 Production Risk
        2.3.5 Marketing Risk
        2.3.6 Financial risk
    2.4 Risk Management Decisions and Influencing Factors
        2.4.1 Risk Perception and Risk Attitude
        2.4.2 Farm and Farm Household Attributes
        2.4.3 Access to Information and Credit
    2.5 Off-farm Work and Non-Farm Income
        2.5.1 Definition and Importance
        2.5.2 Rural non-farm economy
        2.5.3 Off-Farm Income Diversification and Contribution in Total Income
        2.5.4 Off-farm Work,Agricultural Productivity and Risk
        2.5.5 Off-farm Employment
        2.5.6 Agriculture and Credit
    2.6 Literature Gap
Chapter-3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
    3.1 Description of Study area,Sampling Strategy and Data collection
    3.2 Adaptive capacity
    3.3 Farm-Level Adaptation Model
    3.4 Conceptual Framework/Model
    3.5 Empirical Estimation and Model Description
Chapter-4 FARMERS' PERCEPTIONS OF RISK SOURCES AND RISK COPINGSTRATEGIES IN PAKISTAN
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Materials and Methods
    4.3 Results and Discussion
    4.4 Conclusion
Chapter-5 FACTORS AFFECTING FARMERS ENVIRONMENTAL RISK PERCEPTIONS INSINDH,PAKISTAN
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Materials and Methods
    5.3 Model and conceptual framework of risk perceptions
    5.4 Results and Discussion
    5.5 Conclusion
Chapter-6 DETERMINANTS FOR INCOME DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGIES USED BYFARM HOUSEHOLDS
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Materials and methods
    6.3 Result and Discussion
    6.4 Conclusion
Chapter-7 SIMULTANEOUS ADOPTION OF RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES USEDBY FARMERS FOR MANAGING DISASTERS
    7.1 Introduction
    7.2 Materials and methods
    7.3 Results and Discussion
    7.4 Conclusion
Chapter-8 CONCURRENT USE OF MULTIPLE TOOLS FOR MANAGING CATASTROPHICRISK AT FARM LEVEL
    8.1 Introduction
    8.2 Material and Methods
    8.3 Results and Discussion
    8.4 Conclusion
Chapter-9 SUMMARY,CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    9.1 Summary
    9.2 Conclusion
    9.3 Recommendations
    9.4 Future prospects
References
Appendix-Ⅰ Questionnaire
List of Publications
Some Clicks of Survey


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]Factors influencing hybrid maize farmers’ risk attitudes and their perceptions in Punjab Province,Pakistan[J]. Shoaib Akhtar,LI Gu-cheng,Raza Ullah,Adnan Nazir,Muhammad Amjed Iqbal,Muhammad Haseeb Raza,Nadeem Iqbal,Muhammad Faisal.  Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2018(06)



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