【摘要】：都市農(nóng)業(yè)作為可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一個方面,其能否可持續(xù)直接關(guān)系到整體可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略能否順利實施。而土地的可持續(xù)利用是都市農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的前提。因此,對都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地可持續(xù)利用進行相關(guān)研究顯得十分有必要。隨著城市化率的不斷提高,人口急劇膨脹,無限的用地需求與有限的土地資源之間的矛盾愈發(fā)尖銳,由此引發(fā)了一系列的生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化、地力水平下降等諸多問題。為了保證可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的順利實施,就需要對都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地可持續(xù)利用水平進行測評并提出促進都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地可持續(xù)利用的政策建議,為“兩型社會”保駕護航。本文以武漢市為研究區(qū)域,分析了武漢市的自然、社會經(jīng)濟狀況與土地利用現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題,以可持續(xù)為視角,遵循指標選取的原則,依照評價目的,從生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟、社會的可持續(xù)性三個方面,建立了綜合評價指標體系,對都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地可持續(xù)利用水平進行了研究,并給出自己的看法和意見。研究結(jié)果表明：(1)2006至2013年,武漢市都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地生態(tài)可持續(xù)性、經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)性、社會可持續(xù)性和綜合可持續(xù)利用水平均處于遞增的階段；經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)性變化幅度最大,2008年以前,經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)性水平最低,在這以后,一直處于快速增長的階段：生態(tài)可持續(xù)性變化幅度最小,并基本上處于領(lǐng)先水平。社會可持續(xù)利用水平自2008年以后,一直低于其它三項可持續(xù)利用水平；(2)可持續(xù)利用障礙因子主要分布：生態(tài)可持續(xù)方面為土地墾殖率、人均耕地面積、化肥使用強度等指標；經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)性方面為人均農(nóng)業(yè)GDP、農(nóng)業(yè)機械化綜合水平等指標；社會可持續(xù)性方面為農(nóng)村居民恩格爾系數(shù)、農(nóng)民年人均純收入、城鄉(xiāng)收入比等指標。歷年都會出現(xiàn)的可持續(xù)利用障礙因素有土地墾殖率、農(nóng)民年人均純收入、城鄉(xiāng)收入比、化肥使用強度、農(nóng)村居民恩格爾系數(shù)五個指標；障礙因子發(fā)展態(tài)勢：農(nóng)民人均年純收入呈現(xiàn)出逐年減少的態(tài)勢；土地墾殖率、城鄉(xiāng)收入比、化肥使用強度、人均耕地面積呈現(xiàn)出逐年增加的態(tài)勢。根據(jù)實證研究本文了解了都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地可持續(xù)利用水平,并找到了阻礙可持續(xù)利用的因子,為了改善都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地可持續(xù)利用水平,本文結(jié)合武漢區(qū)域?qū)嶋H情況,提出幾條建議：(1)制定科學有效的武漢都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用規(guī)劃；(2)改善都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用生態(tài)環(huán)境；(3)調(diào)整都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用結(jié)構(gòu),優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)布局；(4)完善都市農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用法律法規(guī)體系,建立健全土地使用制度；(5)縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距,帶動都市農(nóng)業(yè)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展：(6)深化土地使用制度改革,實行土地規(guī)模化經(jīng)營；(7)保障耕地數(shù)量,提高耕地質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:As an aspect of sustainable development, the sustainability of urban agriculture is directly related to the smooth implementation of the overall sustainable development strategy. The sustainable use of land is the premise of sustainable development of urban agriculture. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the sustainable use of urban agricultural land. With the increasing of urbanization rate and the rapid expansion of population, the contradiction between infinite land demand and limited land resources becomes more and more acute, which leads to a series of problems such as deterioration of ecological environment, decline of soil capacity and so on. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the sustainable development strategy, it is necessary to evaluate the level of sustainable use of urban agricultural land and put forward some policy suggestions to promote the sustainable use of urban agricultural land in order to protect the "two-type society". Taking Wuhan as the research area, this paper analyzes the natural, social and economic situation, the present situation of land use and the existing problems in Wuhan City. From the perspective of sustainability, following the principle of index selection, according to the purpose of evaluation, from the perspective of ecology and economy, In the three aspects of social sustainability, a comprehensive evaluation index system was established, and the level of sustainable use of urban agricultural land was studied, and its own views and opinions were given. The results show that: (1) from 2006 to 2013, the ecological sustainability, economic sustainability, social sustainability and comprehensive sustainable use of urban agricultural land in Wuhan are in an increasing stage; Economic sustainability has changed the most, with the lowest level of economic sustainability before 2008, and has since been in a period of rapid growth: the smallest change in ecological sustainability and basically a leading level. The level of social sustainable use has been lower than the other three levels of sustainable use since 2008; (2) the main distribution of obstacle factors of sustainable use is as follows: land reclamation rate, per capita arable land area, chemical fertilizer use intensity and so on, economic sustainability is the comprehensive level of agricultural GDP, agricultural mechanization per capita, and so on. In terms of social sustainability, Engel's coefficient of rural residents, per capita net income of farmers, urban-rural income ratio and other indicators. The obstacles to sustainable use in the past years include land reclamation rate, annual per capita net income of farmers, income ratio between urban and rural areas, intensity of fertilizer use, and Engel coefficient of rural residents. The development trend of obstacle factors: the per capita net income of farmers is decreasing year by year; the rate of land reclamation, the income ratio between urban and rural areas, the intensity of fertilizer use, and the per capita cultivated land area are increasing year by year. According to the empirical research, this paper understands the sustainable use level of urban agricultural land, and finds out the factors that hinder the sustainable use. In order to improve the sustainable use level of urban agricultural land, this paper combines the actual situation of Wuhan region. Some suggestions are put forward as follows: (1) to formulate a scientific and effective land use plan for urban agriculture in Wuhan; (2) to improve the ecological environment of urban agricultural land use; (3) to adjust the structure of urban agricultural land use and optimize the layout of agricultural industry; (4) to perfect the laws and regulations of urban agricultural land use and to establish and perfect the land use system; (5) narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas to promote the rapid economic development of urban agricultural areas: (6) deepening the reform of land use system and carrying out large-scale land management; (7) ensuring the quantity of cultivated land and improving the quality of cultivated land.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F327

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