【摘要】：舟山群島地處于浙江省的東北部,其有著極其富饒而又寶貴的漁業(yè)資源,但是現(xiàn)階段因為長期的無節(jié)制的捕撈、破壞環(huán)境、養(yǎng)殖水平低等因素導致舟山市的漁業(yè)資源目前已逐步邁向資源匱竭的狀態(tài)。我國下一階段的發(fā)展目標是“建設(shè)海洋強國”,并合理的開發(fā)利用海洋帶給人類的寶貴的資源。從二十世紀九十年代開始,我國及國外許多地區(qū)都逐步重視漁業(yè)資源的養(yǎng)護和管理措施以保證海洋漁業(yè)資源的可持續(xù)發(fā)展并頒布了許多法規(guī)與制度,但是從總體來看,這些舉措并沒有起到理想中應(yīng)該達到的效果,這一方面是因為舟山在對漁業(yè)資源養(yǎng)護方面依然存在一定的缺陷,另一方面還和舟山在漁業(yè)資源養(yǎng)護與捕撈方面的管理手段不先進有必然的聯(lián)系,所以,通過健全和完善漁業(yè)資源養(yǎng)護與捕撈的有關(guān)規(guī)定和管理手段是在以后的發(fā)展階段保證舟山漁業(yè)資源健康、穩(wěn)定以及可持續(xù)發(fā)展的影響深遠的一個層面。本文首先從舟山的海水養(yǎng)殖業(yè)、捕撈業(yè)以及遠洋漁業(yè)這幾方面闡述了舟山的漁業(yè)資源利用的現(xiàn)狀,并針對現(xiàn)階段有的一些問題進行剖析,如在海水養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中,從業(yè)人員普遍素質(zhì)不高,養(yǎng)殖海區(qū)污染嚴重,養(yǎng)殖過程中出現(xiàn)的病害防治;在捕撈業(yè)中,過度捕撈,海洋漁業(yè)資源出現(xiàn)衰退現(xiàn)象;在遠洋漁業(yè)中,漁具漁法等核心技術(shù)不先進,遠洋漁業(yè)公司虧損嚴重,海鳥誤殺等問題。隨后對舟山市的漁業(yè)資源養(yǎng)護的情況進行了概述,對于管理過程中出現(xiàn)的問題進行了總結(jié)和概括,如海洋漁業(yè)行政執(zhí)法能力較薄弱,群眾性護漁管理機制未建立等,針對這些問題進行了原因分析,主要有以下幾點原因:海洋漁業(yè)執(zhí)法能力建設(shè)不夠深入,海洋漁業(yè)資源管理體系不夠完善,當?shù)貪O民漁業(yè)資源保護意識不夠深刻。最后針對舟山市漁業(yè)資源整體情況,提出了漁業(yè)資源可持續(xù)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略,并對舟山漁業(yè)資源的合理的管理方式以及未來穩(wěn)定、健康、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的具體方法制定出了具體的方案,包括要不斷完善海洋漁業(yè)資源管理工作體制,切實改善海洋漁業(yè)資源生態(tài)環(huán)境,加快推進漁業(yè)資源的養(yǎng)護工作,廣泛地開展?jié)O業(yè)資源保護相關(guān)的宣傳教育活動,探索成立群防群治專門管護組織等。
[Abstract]:The Zhoushan archipelago lies in the northeast of Zhejiang Province. It has extremely rich and valuable fishery resources. But at this stage, due to long-term unregulated fishing, it is damaging the environment. The low level of aquaculture has led to the depletion of fishery resources in Zhoushan City. The aim of our country's development in the next stage is to "build a strong marine power" and to exploit and utilize the valuable resources brought by the ocean to mankind. Since the 1990s, China and many foreign regions have gradually attached importance to the conservation and management of fishery resources in order to ensure the sustainable development of marine fishery resources, and issued many laws and regulations, but generally speaking, These measures have not had the desired effect, on the one hand, because Zhoushan still has some shortcomings in the conservation of fishery resources. On the other hand, there is an inevitable link with the fact that Zhoushan is not advanced in the management of fisheries resources conservation and fishing, so, It is a far-reaching aspect to ensure the health, stability and sustainable development of fishery resources in Zhoushan through perfecting the relevant regulations and management means of fishery resources conservation and fishing. In this paper, the present situation of fishery resources utilization in Zhoushan is expounded from the aspects of mariculture, fishing and pelagic fishing, and some problems are analyzed, such as in mariculture. The general quality of the practitioners is not high, the pollution in the aquaculture area is serious, and the disease prevention and cure occurs during the breeding process; in the fishing industry, overfishing and the decline of the marine fishery resources occur; and in the ocean-going fishery, the key technologies such as fishing gear and fishing methods are not advanced. Ocean fishery company loss is serious, sea bird manslaughter and so on problem. Then, the situation of fishery resources conservation in Zhoushan City is summarized, and the problems in the process of management are summarized and summarized, such as the weak administrative law enforcement capacity of marine fishery, the non-establishment of mass protection and fishery management mechanism, etc. The main reasons are as follows: the law enforcement capacity of marine fisheries is not deep enough, the management system of marine fishery resources is not perfect, and the protection consciousness of fishery resources of local fishermen is not deep enough. Finally, according to the overall situation of fishery resources in Zhoushan City, the sustainable development strategy of fishery resources is put forward, and the reasonable management mode and future stability and health of fishery resources in Zhoushan City are put forward. The specific methods of sustainable development have formulated specific programmes, including the continuous improvement of the management system of marine fishery resources, the effective improvement of the ecological environment of marine fisheries resources and the acceleration of the conservation of fisheries resources, Widely carry out publicity and education activities related to fishery resources protection and explore the establishment of special management and management organizations for mass prevention and control.
【學位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F326.4

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