【摘要】：隨著中國勞動力市場開放以來,勞動力大規(guī)模的非農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)移,中國長期存在的人地關(guān)系得到緩解。但是農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)出與發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào),現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民成長的路徑不清晰等問題依然嚴峻。從長期來看,農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的核心問題是如何培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民?從短期看,就是如何促使現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民成長路徑性機制,只有在符合農(nóng)民利益下才會去發(fā)展。培養(yǎng)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民,土地規(guī)模化經(jīng)營是其必要條件,促進農(nóng)民增收、致富、地位與形象提高才是根本目的。本文基于工業(yè)化中后期,農(nóng)村大量勞動力非農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)移的背景上,首先以人力資本為基點構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民成長路徑圖,論述現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民成長路徑三種情形。這三種情形主要能夠反應(yīng)當前現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民形成的來源,而對形成現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民來源分類也是依據(jù)人力資本的高低來劃分的。其次在需要論證這些情形發(fā)展成現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民所需條件,由于各種情形初始轉(zhuǎn)化條件有所不同,所以論證不同情形方法選擇存在差異。在論證情形一時,針對農(nóng)村人力資本非農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)移是正向性自發(fā)的流動這一現(xiàn)實,需要創(chuàng)造條件引致一部分負向性流動才能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民的形成。所以借鑒勞動力非農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù),構(gòu)造情形一即相對較高人力資本形成現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民的轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù)。根據(jù)此轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù)分析出情形一現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民形成所需的條件是促進土地規(guī)�；D(zhuǎn)移。土地規(guī)�；�(jīng)營,能夠擴大勞動者農(nóng)業(yè)收入,促使一部分較高人力資本勞動力進行農(nóng)業(yè)中來進入生產(chǎn),而這部分較高人力資本勞動力又給農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中帶來較高人力資本,這將會進一步組合農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)要素,提高農(nóng)業(yè)效率,促進農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)值的增加,這樣就會降低非農(nóng)就業(yè)概率,這意味著這一部分較高人力資本勞動力進入農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中來,隨著這種內(nèi)斂型機制不斷促進,這一部分較高人力資本勞動力就形成現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民。在論證情形二時,則運用博弈論方法探討較低人力資本勞動力在“邊干邊學”機制下轉(zhuǎn)化成現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民的條件。而最后論證情形二發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民所需條件是加快土地流轉(zhuǎn)、提升土地規(guī)�；�(jīng)營、增進農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的報酬。其中提升土地規(guī)模化經(jīng)營是條件的關(guān)鍵,它使得高人力資本勞動力在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中形成示范效應(yīng),促進低人力資本勞動力通過“邊干邊學”機制在土地規(guī)模經(jīng)營中獲得更高收益,拉平與高人力資本勞動力收益差距,向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)化。最后本文通過相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)分析進一步檢驗土地規(guī)�；�(jīng)營促進現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民的成長。
[Abstract]:With the opening of China's labor market, the labor force has been transferred on a large scale, and the long-existing relationship between man and land in China has been alleviated. However, agricultural output and development are not in harmony, and the path of modern farmers' growth is unclear. In the long run, the core problem of the development of agricultural modernization is how to cultivate modern farmers. In the short term, how to promote the modern farmer growth path mechanism, only in accordance with the interests of farmers will develop. To cultivate modern farmers, land management is the necessary condition. Promoting farmers' income, becoming rich, and improving their status and image are the basic purposes. Based on the background of non-agricultural transfer of a large number of rural labor in the middle and late stage of industrialization, this paper firstly constructs the growth path map of modern farmers based on human capital, and discusses three situations of the growth path of modern farmers. These three situations can mainly reflect the source of the formation of the modern farmers, and the classification of the origin of the formation of the modern farmers is also divided according to the level of human capital. Secondly, it is necessary to demonstrate that these conditions develop into the conditions required by modern farmers. Because of the different initial transformation conditions of various situations, the selection of different scenarios and methods is different. In the case of demonstration, in view of the fact that non-agricultural transfer of rural human capital is a positive spontaneous flow, it is necessary to create conditions leading to a part of negative flow in order to realize the formation of modern farmers. Therefore, using the transfer function of labor force for reference, we construct a relatively high human capital to form the transfer function of modern farmers. According to this transfer function, it is found that the condition for the formation of modern farmers is to promote the large-scale transfer of land. The large-scale operation of land can enlarge the agricultural income of the laborer and promote the higher human capital labor force to enter into the agricultural production, and this part of the higher human capital labor force will bring the higher human capital to the agricultural production. This will further combine the factors of agricultural production, improve agricultural efficiency, and promote the increase of agricultural output value. This will reduce the probability of non-agricultural employment, which means that this part of the higher human capital labor force will come into agricultural production. Along with this kind of introverted mechanism promotes unceasingly, this part higher human capital labor force forms the modern farmer. In the case of 02:00, game theory is used to explore the conditions under which the labor force of lower human capital can be transformed into a modern farmer under the mechanism of "learning by doing". In the end, it is necessary to speed up the land circulation, improve the scale management of land and increase the remuneration of agricultural production. Among them, promoting land scale management is the key to the condition, which makes the high human capital labor force form the demonstration effect in the agricultural production, and promotes the low human capital labor force to obtain higher income in the land scale management through the mechanism of "learning by doing". Leveling out the gap between the labor force income of high human capital and transforming to modern farmers. Finally, through the analysis of relevant data, this paper further tests that land scale management promotes the growth of modern farmers.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.6;F321.1

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本文編號：2278701