陜西蘋果貯藏、運輸及銷售包裝調(diào)研
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-16 21:47
【摘要】：隨著栽培面積的擴大,陜西蘋果產(chǎn)業(yè)有了很大提升,但在采后流通過程中,仍然存在操作不規(guī)范,管理粗放等現(xiàn)象,尤其是對蘋果包裝沒有得到足夠重視,從而降低了陜西蘋果的市場競爭力,甚至出現(xiàn)“優(yōu)質(zhì)低價”的不良現(xiàn)象。本文通過對白水、禮泉和洛川三個蘋果主產(chǎn)區(qū)蘋果采后貯藏、運輸、銷售過程中包裝形式和特點調(diào)研,指出目前陜西蘋果包裝存在的問題,為進一步優(yōu)化蘋果包裝,提升陜西蘋果市場競爭力提供依據(jù)。調(diào)研結(jié)果如下:1、冷藏、氣調(diào)貯藏蘋果存在木箱、鐵箱、紙箱、塑料箱包裝形式,分別占貯藏量的30.1%、34.2%、12.8%、10.2%。簡易貯藏主要以保鮮袋和大塑料袋包裝為主,占貯藏量的7.8%和3.7%,不使用包裝直接堆放院落的占1.2%。2、對不同包裝形式果實品質(zhì)定期測定發(fā)現(xiàn):PVC保鮮膜包裝貯藏效果好于PE保鮮膜;紙箱+PVC袋、發(fā)泡網(wǎng)貯藏效果優(yōu)于紙箱+PVC袋、保鮮紙;在相同輔助包裝條件下,塑料箱的貯藏效果好于木箱。3、陜西蘋果流通調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn),常溫運輸是主要形式,其中從果園到冷庫多采用竹筐、塑料箱,運往二、三線城市及部分出口蘋果主要用果袋和瓦楞紙箱包裝,而運往一線大城市和出口的蘋果包裝主要采用瓦楞紙箱包裝,低溫冷鏈運輸還沒有廣泛普及。4、銷售市場調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn):批發(fā)市場蘋果包裝以紙箱、禮品盒及塑料保鮮袋為主,其中禮品盒蘋果價格相對較高;零售市場以塑料包裝袋、禮品盒、果籃為主,一般家庭購買蘋果通常以簡易塑料袋包裝為主,禮品盒和果籃常用作看望病人或作為節(jié)日禮品饋贈親朋好友。5、通過對消費者調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn):多數(shù)消費者要求包裝應(yīng)具有保護性且外形美觀;目前蘋果包裝存在產(chǎn)地不詳、產(chǎn)地與品牌不符、外形單調(diào)、缺少創(chuàng)意等缺陷;35.4%和33.8%的消費者希望在環(huán)保性和功能性方面改進包裝設(shè)計。6、針對三個產(chǎn)區(qū)蘋果包裝形式和特點,指出陜西蘋果包裝存在的主要問題是:包裝質(zhì)量參差不齊,包裝水平不高;品牌宣傳效果不強;包裝設(shè)計較為單一,且缺乏環(huán)保因素;市場監(jiān)管力度不夠。并且指出了下一步解決對策:注重經(jīng)營意識,提高蘋果包裝水平;促進品牌宣傳,提升包裝質(zhì)量;包裝設(shè)計多元化,滿足不同人群消費需求;加強監(jiān)督力度,規(guī)范包裝市場,鼓勵使用環(huán)保型包裝。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of cultivation area, Shaanxi apple industry has been greatly promoted, but in the process of post-harvest circulation, there are still some phenomena, such as non-standard operation and extensive management, especially the lack of attention to apple packaging. Thus reducing the market competitiveness of Shaanxi apple, even the "high-quality low-price" bad phenomenon. Based on the investigation of the packaging forms and characteristics in the storage, transportation and sale of apples in the three main apple production areas of Baishui, Liquan and Luochuan, this paper points out the problems existing in the packaging of apples in Shaanxi Province at present, in order to further optimize the packaging of apples. To improve the market competitiveness of Shaanxi apple to provide the basis. The results are as follows: 1. The apples stored in cold storage and controlled atmosphere storage are packed in wooden, iron, carton and plastic boxes, which account for 30.1% of the stored amount and 12.8% and 10.2% respectively. The simple storage mainly consisted of preservative bag and large plastic bag packaging, which accounted for 7.8% and 3.7% of the storage amount, and 1.2.2. the fruit quality of different packaging forms was measured regularly by PVC film packaging, and the storage effect of PVC film was better than that of PE film. The storage effect of carton PVC bag, foaming net is better than that of carton PVC bag and fresh keeping paper. Under the same auxiliary packing condition, the storage effect of plastic box is better than that of wooden box. 3. According to the investigation on the circulation of Shaanxi apple, it is found that normal temperature transportation is the main form. Among them, bamboo baskets, plastic boxes and export apples are mainly packed in fruit bags and corrugated paper boxes for export from orchards to cold storage, and are mainly packed in corrugated boxes for apples destined for first-tier cities and for export. Low temperature cold chain transportation has not been widely used. 4, sales market research found that: the wholesale market Apple packaging mainly in cartons, gift boxes and plastic bags, the price of apple gift boxes is relatively high; the retail market to plastic packaging bags, gift boxes, Fruit baskets are the main ones, and the average family buys apples in simple plastic bags. Gift boxes and fruit baskets are often used to visit patients or to give gifts to relatives and friends as holiday gifts. Through a survey of consumers, it is found that most consumers require that the packaging should be protective and beautiful in appearance. At present, the origin of apple packaging is unknown. 35.4% and 33.8% of consumers want to improve packaging design in terms of environmental protection and functionality. It is pointed out that the main problems of apple packaging in Shaanxi are: the packaging quality is not uniform, the packaging level is not high, the effect of brand propaganda is not strong, the packaging design is relatively single, and the lack of environmental protection factors, and the market supervision is not enough. And pointed out the next step to solve the countermeasures: pay attention to business awareness, improve the level of Apple packaging; promote brand publicity, improve packaging quality; packaging design diversity to meet the consumer needs of different populations; strengthen supervision, standardize the packaging market, Encourage the use of environmentally friendly packaging.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F326.6;S661.1
[Abstract]:With the expansion of cultivation area, Shaanxi apple industry has been greatly promoted, but in the process of post-harvest circulation, there are still some phenomena, such as non-standard operation and extensive management, especially the lack of attention to apple packaging. Thus reducing the market competitiveness of Shaanxi apple, even the "high-quality low-price" bad phenomenon. Based on the investigation of the packaging forms and characteristics in the storage, transportation and sale of apples in the three main apple production areas of Baishui, Liquan and Luochuan, this paper points out the problems existing in the packaging of apples in Shaanxi Province at present, in order to further optimize the packaging of apples. To improve the market competitiveness of Shaanxi apple to provide the basis. The results are as follows: 1. The apples stored in cold storage and controlled atmosphere storage are packed in wooden, iron, carton and plastic boxes, which account for 30.1% of the stored amount and 12.8% and 10.2% respectively. The simple storage mainly consisted of preservative bag and large plastic bag packaging, which accounted for 7.8% and 3.7% of the storage amount, and 1.2.2. the fruit quality of different packaging forms was measured regularly by PVC film packaging, and the storage effect of PVC film was better than that of PE film. The storage effect of carton PVC bag, foaming net is better than that of carton PVC bag and fresh keeping paper. Under the same auxiliary packing condition, the storage effect of plastic box is better than that of wooden box. 3. According to the investigation on the circulation of Shaanxi apple, it is found that normal temperature transportation is the main form. Among them, bamboo baskets, plastic boxes and export apples are mainly packed in fruit bags and corrugated paper boxes for export from orchards to cold storage, and are mainly packed in corrugated boxes for apples destined for first-tier cities and for export. Low temperature cold chain transportation has not been widely used. 4, sales market research found that: the wholesale market Apple packaging mainly in cartons, gift boxes and plastic bags, the price of apple gift boxes is relatively high; the retail market to plastic packaging bags, gift boxes, Fruit baskets are the main ones, and the average family buys apples in simple plastic bags. Gift boxes and fruit baskets are often used to visit patients or to give gifts to relatives and friends as holiday gifts. Through a survey of consumers, it is found that most consumers require that the packaging should be protective and beautiful in appearance. At present, the origin of apple packaging is unknown. 35.4% and 33.8% of consumers want to improve packaging design in terms of environmental protection and functionality. It is pointed out that the main problems of apple packaging in Shaanxi are: the packaging quality is not uniform, the packaging level is not high, the effect of brand propaganda is not strong, the packaging design is relatively single, and the lack of environmental protection factors, and the market supervision is not enough. And pointed out the next step to solve the countermeasures: pay attention to business awareness, improve the level of Apple packaging; promote brand publicity, improve packaging quality; packaging design diversity to meet the consumer needs of different populations; strengthen supervision, standardize the packaging market, Encourage the use of environmentally friendly packaging.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F326.6;S661.1
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