【摘要】：“地者,萬物之本源”,土地是經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的基礎。我國的改革是從農(nóng)村土地制度改革起步的,家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責任制的建立和推行,極大解放和發(fā)展了我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力,深刻改變了農(nóng)村發(fā)展的面貌。黨的十七屆三中全會的決定提出：賦予農(nóng)民更加充分而有保障的土地承包經(jīng)營權,現(xiàn)有土地承包關系要保持穩(wěn)定并長久不變。十八屆三中全會啟動的新一輪改革,又將經(jīng)營權從承包經(jīng)營權中分離,實現(xiàn)“兩權變?nèi)龣唷?并賦予經(jīng)營權以抵押擔保能力。在穩(wěn)定家庭承包經(jīng)營基礎上,允許土地承包經(jīng)營權合理流轉(zhuǎn)是農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的客觀要求,是符合黨的一貫政策,農(nóng)民擁有長期穩(wěn)定的土地承包權,這是農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營權流轉(zhuǎn)的前提,也是土地流轉(zhuǎn)市場的發(fā)育制度基礎。當前,我國面臨農(nóng)業(yè)特別是種糧比較效益低,農(nóng)民收入提高幅度小的難題,其表面的原因是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格不高,更深層次的原因卻是農(nóng)業(yè)的經(jīng)營規(guī)模偏小。土地流轉(zhuǎn)就是要解決比較效益低的問題,通過農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn),把大量農(nóng)民從土地上解放出來,轉(zhuǎn)移到二、三產(chǎn)業(yè),進而擴大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營規(guī)模。對于要轉(zhuǎn)移到二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)的農(nóng)民和要從事大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)民,要提升其職業(yè)能力,增加其收入,其關鍵就在于對土地流轉(zhuǎn)背景下農(nóng)民的職業(yè)技能培訓的研究。論文研究主要使用了文獻法、調(diào)查分析法和歸納研究法。綜合使用這些方法對新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民的職業(yè)技能培訓進行了系統(tǒng)研究：緒論部分,對論文研究的一些實際情況進行歸納說明,對國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進行分析；對概念基礎予以綜述。第二章,通過對我國土地流轉(zhuǎn)的形式和此背景下農(nóng)民流動特點的分析,凸顯當前對農(nóng)民進行培訓、培養(yǎng)新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民的重要性,并且結合時代需要,推導出土地流轉(zhuǎn)背景下職業(yè)農(nóng)民需具備的素質(zhì)。第三章,著重分析影響農(nóng)民參加職業(yè)技能培訓的基本因素。第四章,闡述了我國農(nóng)民職業(yè)技能培訓的現(xiàn)狀和培訓中遇到的問題。第五章,尋找調(diào)整培訓系統(tǒng)的方法和對策,通過制定有效的培訓內(nèi)容與培訓措施來達到更好發(fā)揮培訓功能的目的。
[Abstract]:Land is the foundation of economic and social development. The reform of our country started from the reform of the rural land system. The establishment and implementation of the household contract responsibility system greatly emancipated and developed the agricultural productivity of our country and profoundly changed the appearance of rural development. According to the decision of the third Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee, the farmers should be given more full and guaranteed land contracting and management rights, and the existing land contracting relationship should be kept stable and unchanged for a long time. The new round of reform initiated by the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee separates the management right from the contractual management right, realizes "two rights change three rights", and endows the management right with the ability of mortgage and guarantee. On the basis of stabilizing the household contract management, allowing the rational circulation of the land contractual management right is the objective requirement of agricultural development and is in line with the consistent policy of the Party. Farmers have long-term and stable land contract rights. This is the premise of the transfer of rural land contractual management right, and also the development system of land transfer market. At present, our country is faced with the problem of low relative benefit of agriculture, especially grain planting, and small increase of farmers' income. The superficial reason is that the price of agricultural products is not high, but the deeper reason is that the scale of agricultural management is small. Land circulation is to solve the problem of low efficiency, through the rural land circulation, a large number of farmers are liberated from the land, transferred to the second and third industries, and then expand the scale of agricultural production and management. For the peasants who want to transfer to the second and third industries and those who want to engage in mass production, to improve their professional ability and increase their income, the key lies in the research on the vocational skills training of farmers under the background of land circulation. The thesis mainly uses the literature method, the investigation analysis method and the induction research method. Comprehensive use of these methods to the new vocational farmers of vocational skills training for a systematic study: the introduction of the paper to some of the actual situation of the study of the analysis of domestic and foreign research status; the concept of the basis of a summary. The second chapter, through the analysis of the form of land circulation in China and the characteristics of peasant flow under this background, highlights the importance of training farmers, training new type of professional farmers, and combining with the needs of the times. Under the background of land circulation, the quality of professional farmers is deduced. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of the basic factors that affect farmers' participation in vocational skills training. The fourth chapter, elaborated our country farmer occupation skill training present situation and the question which meets in the training. In the fifth chapter, we seek the methods and countermeasures to adjust the training system, and make effective training contents and training measures to achieve the purpose of better exerting the training function.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.1;F323.6

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