【摘要】：農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)不僅有助于更加有序的促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展,同時(shí)有助于將"三農(nóng)"問(wèn)題更好的解決。除此之外,土地要想獲得更多的收益,就必須進(jìn)行合理的流動(dòng)。在農(nóng)村土地制度方面,我國(guó)先后頒布實(shí)施了《農(nóng)村土地承包法》以及《物權(quán)法》,從而從立法層面保障了土地流轉(zhuǎn)以及農(nóng)村土地經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)。通過(guò)分析和研究農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)中所暴露出的不足,進(jìn)而制定相應(yīng)的問(wèn)題解決策略,以更好的改革和完善農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)制度,使農(nóng)業(yè)獲得更好的發(fā)展。我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展有賴于城市和工業(yè)的帶動(dòng),正在由傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)逐步轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè),并且正在努力步入特色農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。在此過(guò)程當(dāng)中,歸根結(jié)底就是要在農(nóng)業(yè)上不斷的應(yīng)用先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù),就是借助于現(xiàn)代科技來(lái)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)行改造的過(guò)程。而我國(guó)農(nóng)村的經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模一般都非常小,最顯著的特征就是分散化以及碎片化,導(dǎo)致難以有效的應(yīng)用那些大型的較為先進(jìn)的農(nóng)機(jī)設(shè)備,使得農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)無(wú)法創(chuàng)造更高的收益,嚴(yán)重的挫傷了農(nóng)民的積極性。而在當(dāng)前的土地政策之下,要想更好的促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)協(xié)同發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)由一元制向二元制進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)變,就必須要符合市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的前提下來(lái)更好的流轉(zhuǎn)農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)。就目前而言,我國(guó)農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)具有十分大的規(guī)模,并且具有十分快的流轉(zhuǎn)速度,出現(xiàn)了各種各樣的流轉(zhuǎn)形式,有越來(lái)越多的主體參與其中,然而就總體而言缺乏較高的流轉(zhuǎn)水平,并且各地區(qū)發(fā)展水平不盡相同。自從土地流轉(zhuǎn)被放開(kāi)之后,也就是十七屆三中全會(huì)從政策方面來(lái)支持了農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)。并且各地?fù)?jù)此紛紛進(jìn)行了大膽的嘗試和探索,在模式上不斷的推陳出新。從不同的模式本身而言,各有各的優(yōu)勢(shì),各有各的劣勢(shì),但是沒(méi)有絕對(duì)的優(yōu)劣之分,只有適合不適合而已,只要與現(xiàn)實(shí)的情況相匹配,就是最好的流轉(zhuǎn)模式,不管怎樣,都要在"確權(quán)"的基礎(chǔ)之上來(lái)選擇農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)模式,將土地經(jīng)營(yíng)主體確定為職業(yè)農(nóng)民以及專業(yè)合作社等等,要充分考慮到當(dāng)?shù)氐膶?shí)際情況,要采取靈活多樣的形式進(jìn)行土地流轉(zhuǎn),切忌將某種模式強(qiáng)制的或者是照搬照用的到不同的地區(qū)。還有很多問(wèn)題制約著我國(guó)農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn),我們要堅(jiān)定農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)展的目標(biāo),即要確保能夠進(jìn)行土地的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng),促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)的協(xié)同發(fā)展,確�，F(xiàn)代農(nóng)村土地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度能夠得以盡快的建立,完善相應(yīng)的市場(chǎng)體系以及社保體系,更好的轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力,為農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Rural land circulation not only helps to promote the development of agriculture more orderly, but also helps to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers better. In addition, if the land wants to gain more income, must carry on the reasonable flow. In the aspect of rural land system, China has promulgated and implemented the "Rural Land contract Law" and the "Real right Law" successively, thus protecting the land circulation and the rural land management right from the legislative level. Through the analysis and study of the shortage of rural land circulation, the corresponding problem solving strategies are worked out, in order to better reform and perfect the system of rural land circulation, so that agriculture can get better development. The development of agriculture in our country at present depends on the drive of city and industry. It is gradually changing from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and is striving to modernize characteristic agriculture. In this process, the final analysis is to continue to apply advanced science and technology in agriculture, is to use modern science and technology to transform the traditional agriculture process. However, the scale of rural management in our country is generally very small. The most prominent feature is decentralization and fragmentation, which makes it difficult to effectively apply those large, more advanced agricultural machinery equipment, and makes agricultural production unable to create higher returns. The enthusiasm of the peasants was seriously dampened. Under the current land policy, in order to better promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, realize the transformation of economy from monistic system to dualistic system, we must conform to the law of market economy to better transfer rural land contractual management right. At present, China's rural land circulation has a very large scale, and has a very fast speed, there have been a variety of circulation forms, there are more and more subjects involved in it. However, the overall lack of a high level of circulation, and the level of development in different regions. Since land circulation was liberalized, the third Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee has supported rural land transfer from the policy point of view. And each place has carried on the bold attempt and the exploration one after another, in the pattern unceasingly promotes the old to present the new. As far as the different models are concerned, each has its own advantages and disadvantages, but there is no absolute difference between good and bad, only whether or not it is suitable. As long as it matches the actual situation, it is the best flow mode, anyway. They should choose the mode of rural land circulation on the basis of "confirmed rights", and define the main body of land management as professional farmers and professional cooperatives, and take full account of the local actual situation. It is necessary to adopt flexible and diverse forms of land circulation and avoid forcing or copying certain models to different areas. There are still many problems restricting the rural land circulation in our country. We should strengthen the development goal of rural land circulation, that is, to ensure the moderate scale management of land and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. To ensure that the modern rural land property system can be established as soon as possible, improve the corresponding market system and social security system, better transfer of rural surplus labor force, and lay a solid foundation for rural land transfer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F321.1

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