馬克思主義中國化視野下的農(nóng)民土地權益保護研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-01 17:30
【摘要】：農(nóng)民、農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村問題始終是影響我國發(fā)展的根本問題,但三農(nóng)問題的解決離不開對農(nóng)民土地權益的保護。中國共產(chǎn)黨自成立以來一直把保護農(nóng)民的土地權益作為自己的一項根本任務。中國共產(chǎn)黨的歷史就是把馬克思主義基本原理同中國具體實際相結合、并實現(xiàn)馬克思主義中國化的歷史;在馬克思主義中國化過程中,產(chǎn)生了兩大理論成果:毛澤東思想和中國特色社會主義理論體系。以毛澤東為領導核心的第一代中央領導集體,始終把解決農(nóng)民的土地問題作為中國革命和建設中的根本問題,致力于保護農(nóng)民的土地權益,最終贏得了新民主主義革命和社會主義革命的勝利。改革開放以來,黨中央依據(jù)我國現(xiàn)在處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情,創(chuàng)新了農(nóng)村土地制度,實行家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責任制,賦予農(nóng)民土地使用權,并制定法律法規(guī)穩(wěn)定農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營關系,保障農(nóng)民的土地使用權。同時根據(jù)時代發(fā)展要求,鼓勵農(nóng)民土地承包權的流轉經(jīng)營。進行社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設,必然會選擇城鎮(zhèn)化作為發(fā)展的途徑,農(nóng)村土地就必然會被征用。由于我國二元的城鄉(xiāng)土地制度,農(nóng)村土地要轉化為城市建設用地,農(nóng)地必須非農(nóng)化,而政府征地是農(nóng)地非農(nóng)化的唯一途徑。由于我國法律法規(guī)不健全,在征地過程中農(nóng)民土地權益經(jīng)常受到侵犯。征地程序不規(guī)范,農(nóng)地補償標準過低,補償方式單一,被征地農(nóng)民缺乏就業(yè)和社會保障,最終導致被征地農(nóng)民失地又失業(yè)。有人主張,解決當前農(nóng)民土地權益被侵犯問題,最根本的是要土地私有化,即賦予農(nóng)民土地所有權和使用權。顯然這種觀點不可取,不符合中國的基本國情;保護農(nóng)民的土地權益必須在馬克思主義中國化理論思考下進行。只有這樣,才能確保我們的事業(yè)始終沿著社會主義方向前進。
[Abstract]:The problems of farmers, agriculture and rural areas are always the fundamental problems affecting the development of our country, but the solution to the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers cannot be separated from the protection of farmers' land rights and interests. Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has taken the protection of farmers' land rights and interests as a fundamental task of its own. The history of the Communist Party of China is to combine the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and to realize the history of Sinicization of Marxism; in the process of Sinicization of Marxism, Produced two major theoretical achievements: Mao Zedong thought and socialism with Chinese characteristics theoretical system. The first generation of central leading collectives, with Mao Zedong as the core, has always taken the land issue of the peasants as the fundamental problem in China's revolution and construction, and has devoted itself to protecting the peasants' land rights and interests. Finally won the new democratic revolution and the socialist revolution victory. Since the reform and opening up, the CPC Central Committee has innovated the rural land system, implemented the household contract responsibility system, and granted farmers the right to use land in accordance with the basic conditions of our country, which is now in the primary stage of socialism, and will be in a long period of time. And formulate laws and regulations to stabilize the rural land contract management relationship, to protect the land use rights of farmers. At the same time, according to the requirements of the development of the times, farmers are encouraged to transfer the right to land contract management. In socialist modernization construction, urbanization will be chosen as the way of development, and rural land will be requisitioned. Because of the dual system of urban and rural land in our country, if rural land is to be converted into urban construction land, agricultural land must be converted from agricultural land to agricultural land, and the government requisition of land is the only way to convert farmland into agricultural land. Because of the imperfect laws and regulations of our country, farmers' land rights and interests are often infringed in the process of land expropriation. The procedure of land expropriation is not standardized, the compensation standard of farmland is too low, the compensation method is single, and the peasants who have been expropriated lack employment and social security, which leads to the loss of land and unemployment. Some people argue that to solve the problem that farmers' land rights and interests are infringed, the most fundamental thing is to privatize land, that is, to give peasants land ownership and right to use. Obviously, this view is not desirable and does not conform to the basic national conditions of China, and the protection of peasants' land rights and interests must be carried out under the consideration of Marxist Sinicization theory. Only in this way can we ensure that our cause will always advance in the socialist direction.
【學位授予單位】：廣東財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.1
本文編號：2217883
[Abstract]:The problems of farmers, agriculture and rural areas are always the fundamental problems affecting the development of our country, but the solution to the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers cannot be separated from the protection of farmers' land rights and interests. Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has taken the protection of farmers' land rights and interests as a fundamental task of its own. The history of the Communist Party of China is to combine the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and to realize the history of Sinicization of Marxism; in the process of Sinicization of Marxism, Produced two major theoretical achievements: Mao Zedong thought and socialism with Chinese characteristics theoretical system. The first generation of central leading collectives, with Mao Zedong as the core, has always taken the land issue of the peasants as the fundamental problem in China's revolution and construction, and has devoted itself to protecting the peasants' land rights and interests. Finally won the new democratic revolution and the socialist revolution victory. Since the reform and opening up, the CPC Central Committee has innovated the rural land system, implemented the household contract responsibility system, and granted farmers the right to use land in accordance with the basic conditions of our country, which is now in the primary stage of socialism, and will be in a long period of time. And formulate laws and regulations to stabilize the rural land contract management relationship, to protect the land use rights of farmers. At the same time, according to the requirements of the development of the times, farmers are encouraged to transfer the right to land contract management. In socialist modernization construction, urbanization will be chosen as the way of development, and rural land will be requisitioned. Because of the dual system of urban and rural land in our country, if rural land is to be converted into urban construction land, agricultural land must be converted from agricultural land to agricultural land, and the government requisition of land is the only way to convert farmland into agricultural land. Because of the imperfect laws and regulations of our country, farmers' land rights and interests are often infringed in the process of land expropriation. The procedure of land expropriation is not standardized, the compensation standard of farmland is too low, the compensation method is single, and the peasants who have been expropriated lack employment and social security, which leads to the loss of land and unemployment. Some people argue that to solve the problem that farmers' land rights and interests are infringed, the most fundamental thing is to privatize land, that is, to give peasants land ownership and right to use. Obviously, this view is not desirable and does not conform to the basic national conditions of China, and the protection of peasants' land rights and interests must be carried out under the consideration of Marxist Sinicization theory. Only in this way can we ensure that our cause will always advance in the socialist direction.
【學位授予單位】：廣東財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.1
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，本文編號：2217883
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