【摘要】：2015年,我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展從高速增長(zhǎng)轉(zhuǎn)向中高速增長(zhǎng)進(jìn)入了新常態(tài)。在經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩背景下繼續(xù)強(qiáng)化農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位、促進(jìn)農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收,是必須破解的一個(gè)重大課題。中共中央、國(guó)務(wù)院近日印發(fā)《關(guān)于加大改革創(chuàng)新力度加快農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的若干意見(jiàn)》。在連續(xù)12年聚焦“三農(nóng)”的同時(shí),今年中央一號(hào)文件將“圍繞建設(shè)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè),加快轉(zhuǎn)變農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式”放在首位。而且,我國(guó)人口占世界20%,糧食自給率卻低于90%,糧食安全堪憂。李克強(qiáng)在《求是》刊文中表示土地流轉(zhuǎn)是解決這些問(wèn)題最有利的武器。土地流轉(zhuǎn)能夠把小塊分散的土地集中起來(lái),進(jìn)行規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng),既改變了傳統(tǒng)的小農(nóng)模式也能將現(xiàn)代化機(jī)械運(yùn)用到農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,方便農(nóng)民耕種,增加糧食產(chǎn)量。本文以福建省閩侯縣農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象為考察對(duì)象,在闡述閩侯縣土地流轉(zhuǎn)的主要方式基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)分析我國(guó)土地流轉(zhuǎn)政策的演變過(guò)程、借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)學(xué)者對(duì)土地流轉(zhuǎn)研究的成果以及各地農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)建設(shè)的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)合閩侯縣農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)狀,分析問(wèn)題及成因,總結(jié)得出符合閩侯縣農(nóng)村當(dāng)下情況的、切實(shí)可行的、有利于提高農(nóng)民收入和城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的對(duì)策建議。主要結(jié)論如下：閩侯縣農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)狀主要體現(xiàn)在這幾個(gè)方面：流轉(zhuǎn)土地類型單一、流多為農(nóng)戶間流轉(zhuǎn)、流轉(zhuǎn)形式限于轉(zhuǎn)包和租賃、流轉(zhuǎn)期限大多以短期為主。閩侯縣農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的主要問(wèn)題有：大多數(shù)農(nóng)戶對(duì)土地流轉(zhuǎn)思想和法律觀念上認(rèn)識(shí)不足、土地流轉(zhuǎn)行為不規(guī)范、區(qū)位不好的閑置土地難流轉(zhuǎn)、流轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間短、農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障體系不完善、相關(guān)法律不健全這6個(gè)問(wèn)題。為了促進(jìn)閩侯縣土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)健康發(fā)展,政府應(yīng)該：培養(yǎng)農(nóng)民的土地流轉(zhuǎn)法律觀念、加強(qiáng)政府對(duì)土地流轉(zhuǎn)的宏觀調(diào)控、完善農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障體系、健全土地流轉(zhuǎn)服務(wù)體系、完善農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)政策。
[Abstract]:In 2015, China's economic development from high-speed growth to high-speed growth into a new normal. Under the background of slowing economic growth, it is an important task to strengthen the basic position of agriculture and promote farmers' income. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have recently issued several opinions on stepping up reform and innovation to speed up the modernization of agriculture. While focusing on "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" for 12 consecutive years, this year's No. 1 document of the Central Committee put "around the construction of modern agriculture and speeding up the transformation of agricultural development mode" as the top priority. Moreover, our country population accounts for 20% of the world, grain self-sufficiency rate is less than 90%, food security is worrying. Li Keqiang said in Qiushi that land circulation is the most favorable weapon to solve these problems. The land circulation can concentrate the small scattered land and manage on a large scale, which not only changes the traditional small farm model but also applies the modern machinery to the agricultural production, which is convenient for the farmers to cultivate and increase the grain production. This paper takes the phenomenon of rural land circulation in Minhou County, Fujian Province as the object of investigation, and on the basis of expounding the main ways of land circulation in Minhou County, analyzes the evolvement process of land transfer policy in China. Referring to the research results of land circulation and the successful experience of rural land transfer construction in Minhou County, combining with the current situation of rural land circulation in Minhou County, this paper analyzes the problems and causes, and concludes that the current situation of rural land circulation in Minhou County is in line with the current situation of the rural areas in Minhou County. Feasible, advantageous to raise farmer income and the countermeasure suggestion of urbanization construction. The main conclusions are as follows: the current situation of rural land circulation in Minhou County is mainly reflected in these aspects: the circulation land type is single, the flow is mostly between farmers, the circulation form is limited to subcontracting and leasing, and the circulation period is mostly short-term. The main problems of rural land circulation in Minhou County are as follows: most farmers do not know enough about land circulation ideas and legal concepts, land transfer behavior is not standardized, idle land with poor location is difficult to transfer, and the circulation time is short. Rural social security system is not perfect, related laws are not perfect these 6 problems. In order to promote the healthy development of the land contract management right circulation in Minhou County, the government should: train the farmers' legal concept of land circulation, strengthen the macro-control of the land circulation, perfect the rural social security system, and perfect the land circulation service system. Improve rural land transfer policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F321.1

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本文編號(hào)：2207012