【摘要】：在建設社會主義新農(nóng)村的背景下,農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)問題備受關注,這和農(nóng)業(yè)的規(guī)�；�(jīng)營、農(nóng)村勞動力的轉(zhuǎn)移以及生態(tài)環(huán)境的和諧發(fā)展緊密相關。近幾年,河南省農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)有序發(fā)展,取得了一定成績,農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)規(guī)模不斷擴大,流轉(zhuǎn)形式和流轉(zhuǎn)主體呈現(xiàn)多元化趨勢,流轉(zhuǎn)的經(jīng)濟效益、社會效益以及綜合效益相比全國平均水平有較大的提高。但河南省農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)依然存在一些問題,本文從農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的目標和功能出發(fā),從經(jīng)濟、社會、生態(tài)三個方面共選取了13項指標來評價農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的綜合績效,并運用層次分析法對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)績效的各個指標進行賦權(quán),構(gòu)建農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)績效的指標體系,全面考察河南農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)績效的影響因素,并與全國和浙江省進行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)河南省農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)的獨有特點以及在全國中的處于何種水平。通過對2006年、2010年和2014年的農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)相關指標進行數(shù)據(jù)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)河南省農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)的綜合績效增長率為26.23%,經(jīng)濟績效增長率為16.03%,社會績效增長率99.03%,生態(tài)績效增長率為-42.25%。經(jīng)濟績效和社會績效增長較為明顯,而生態(tài)績效卻逐年下降,這說明了河南省在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)�；�(jīng)營的同時忽視了對生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護。在對農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)績效影響因素的分析中,發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、城鎮(zhèn)化率、生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的比重和交易成本對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)的經(jīng)濟效益、社會效益和生態(tài)效益都會造成影響。針對出現(xiàn)的問題,應該在充分尊重當前的土地制度下,以現(xiàn)行的土地法律制度為框架,逐步在實踐中尊重農(nóng)民關于農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)摸索的改革,發(fā)揮市場機制的決定性作用,完善農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度,積極穩(wěn)妥的推廣土地的確權(quán)頒證。政府要充分發(fā)揮宏觀調(diào)控功能,建立一個勞動力、農(nóng)地、和資金等要素的合理流動的市場體系,妥善解決農(nóng)村勞動力的就業(yè)問題,農(nóng)業(yè)資源的配置問題,鼓勵和扶持龍頭型農(nóng)業(yè)公司的發(fā)展,大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村合作社,促進傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型。國家、政府可為農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移制定出科學合理的規(guī)劃,加大政策引導力度,積極推動城鎮(zhèn)化建設,優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),使農(nóng)村剩余勞動力合理、合法的流動,增強農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)出農(nóng)地的意愿,同時將農(nóng)民自身的資源帶入城鎮(zhèn),促進本省產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和城鎮(zhèn)化的建設。農(nóng)地作為不可再生的資源,一旦遭到破壞,就很難得到再生,一定要防止農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)過程中,農(nóng)地遭到破壞情況的發(fā)生,爭取以較少的農(nóng)業(yè)資源消耗獲得較高的綜合效益,建立激勵農(nóng)業(yè)資源合理利用和保護的機制,實現(xiàn)農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟效益、生態(tài)效益和生態(tài)效益的統(tǒng)一。
[Abstract]:In the context of building a new socialist countryside, the issue of rural land circulation has attracted much attention, which is closely related to the large-scale management of agriculture, the transfer of rural labor force and the harmonious development of ecological environment. In recent years, agricultural land circulation in Henan Province has developed in an orderly manner, with certain achievements, the scale of agricultural land transfer has been continuously expanded, the circulation forms and main bodies have shown a trend of diversification, and the economic benefits of the circulation have been achieved. Social and comprehensive benefits have been greatly improved compared with the national average. However, there are still some problems in the rural land circulation in Henan Province. This paper selects 13 indexes from three aspects of economy, society and ecology to evaluate the comprehensive performance of rural land circulation from the goal and function of rural land circulation. And use AHP to empower each index of farmland transfer performance, construct the index system of farmland transfer performance, investigate the influencing factors of agricultural land transfer performance in Henan province, and compare with the whole country and Zhejiang province. Find out the unique characteristics of agricultural land circulation in Henan Province and the level in the whole country. Through the data analysis of agricultural land transfer in 2006, 2010 and 2014, it is found that the comprehensive performance growth rate of agricultural land circulation in Henan Province is 26.233.The economic performance growth rate is 16.03. the social performance growth rate is 99.03, and the ecological performance growth rate is -42.25. The increase of economic performance and social performance is obvious, but the ecological performance is declining year by year, which shows that Henan province neglects the protection of ecological environment while developing agricultural large-scale management. In the analysis of the factors influencing the performance of rural land circulation, it is found that the industrial structure, the rate of urbanization, the proportion of ecological agriculture and the transaction cost will have an impact on the economic, social and ecological benefits of agricultural land transfer. In order to solve the problems, we should, under the condition of fully respecting the current land system and taking the current land legal system as the framework, gradually respect the farmers' reform on the agricultural land circulation and grope in practice, and give play to the decisive role of the market mechanism. Improve the system of farmland property rights, actively and steadily promote the right to land certification. The government should give full play to its macro-control functions, establish a market system of rational flow of labor, farmland, and capital, and properly solve the employment problem of rural labor force and the allocation of agricultural resources. Encourage and support the development of leading agricultural companies, vigorously develop rural cooperatives, promote the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. The state, the government can formulate scientific and reasonable plans for the transfer of rural labor, increase policy guidance, actively promote the construction of urbanization, optimize the industrial structure, and make the rural surplus labor reasonably and legally mobile. At the same time, the farmers' own resources should be brought into the towns to promote the adjustment of the province's industrial structure and the construction of urbanization. Agricultural land, as a non-renewable resource, once destroyed, it is difficult to regenerate. It is necessary to prevent the destruction of agricultural land in the process of agricultural land transfer, and strive to obtain higher comprehensive benefits with less consumption of agricultural resources. To establish a mechanism to encourage the rational utilization and protection of agricultural resources, and to realize the unity of economic benefit, ecological benefit and ecological benefit of agricultural land circulation.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.1

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