【摘要】：近年來我國的耕地面積正在跌至最低要求線,糧食的產(chǎn)量在很大程度上是受耕地的數(shù)量和質量所決定的。目前看來,增加糧食產(chǎn)量最合理的方法是保護耕地質量與數(shù)量,并進行集約利用。本文以武穴市農用地分等成果和農用地產(chǎn)能核算成果為基礎,探討了研究區(qū)域耕地在1：10000空間尺度下耕地質量監(jiān)測樣點的布設方法,在這里運用了變異函數(shù)理論模型的有關內容,科學地算出變異函數(shù)半徑,并對研究區(qū)域進行了劃分,并結合等別類型和利用類型對監(jiān)測樣點的布設進行優(yōu)化,進而確定監(jiān)測樣點數(shù)量與位置。然后運用普通克里格方法對樣點進行適當?shù)男拚?較為準確的反映了武穴市耕地質量等級情況。通過一系列的測試后可知,本文按照模型選擇的監(jiān)測樣點是可以滿足需求的。具體研究結論如下：1.在監(jiān)測區(qū)劃定原則與方法的基礎之上,劃分了自然質量分區(qū)、耕地收益水平分區(qū)以及耕地利用水平分區(qū),并且采用ArcGIS等軟件技術,將這三個分區(qū)進行按圖層疊加處理,從而確定15個不同的監(jiān)測控制區(qū)。2.在1：10000的空間尺寸下研究耕地空間變異規(guī)律,運用變異函數(shù)理論及其方法,確定樣點的空間相關性,并分析其變異方向。本文研究表明,武穴市耕地質量監(jiān)測樣點主要的空間異質性變化方向是南北方向。運用軟件ArcGIS進行分析驗證,研究結果顯示,高斯模型下計算出來的標準均方根誤差最接近于1,由此可以判斷出,本文需要采用高斯模型進行變異擬合。3.本文根據(jù)耕地樣點監(jiān)測的重點和任務,結合武穴市當?shù)氐膶嶋H耕地特點以及氣候情況,在武穴市共選取了97個耕地監(jiān)測樣點,動態(tài)監(jiān)測樣點為16個,固定監(jiān)測樣點81個。4.通過分析研究區(qū)域所布設的監(jiān)測樣點等別覆蓋情況,表明在各研究區(qū)域布設的監(jiān)測樣點,基本覆蓋了武穴市耕地所有的自然等別、利用等別以及經(jīng)濟等別,其選取的監(jiān)測樣點比例和耕地面積的比例較相似,這也說明了樣點的選取具有較強的代表性。運用普通克里格方法對所布設的監(jiān)測樣點進行檢驗,驗證結果表明插值精確度高。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the area of cultivated land in China is falling to the minimum required line, and the grain yield is largely determined by the quantity and quality of cultivated land. At present, the most reasonable way to increase grain production is to protect the quality and quantity of cultivated land and make intensive use. In this paper, based on the results of agricultural land classification and productivity accounting in Wuchan City, this paper discusses the method of setting up the sampling points for monitoring the quality of cultivated land on the scale of 1: 10000 in the regional cultivated land. In this paper, using the relevant contents of the theory model of variogram, the radius of the variable function is scientifically calculated, and the study area is divided, and the layout of the monitoring sample is optimized with the combination of the different types and the use of the types. Furthermore, the number and location of monitoring samples are determined. Then the common Kriging method is used to correct the sample points, which accurately reflects the quality grade of cultivated land in Wucao City. After a series of tests, the monitoring samples selected in this paper can meet the requirements. The specific conclusions are as follows: 1. On the basis of the principle and method of monitoring regionalization, this paper divides the natural quality partition, the cultivated land income level partition and the cultivated land utilization level partition, and adopts the software technology such as ArcGIS, carries on the superposition processing according to the map layer. Thus, 15 different monitoring control areas. 2. 2. The spatial variation law of cultivated land is studied under the space size of 1: 10000. The spatial correlation of the sample points is determined by using the theory of variation function and its method, and the variation direction is analyzed. This paper shows that the main spatial heterogeneity of the cultivated land quality monitoring sample in Wucao City is the north and south direction. The results show that the standard root mean square error calculated under the Gao Si model is the closest to 1. It can be concluded that this paper needs to use the Gao Si model to carry out variation fitting. 3. According to the emphasis and task of cultivated land sample monitoring, combined with the local characteristics of cultivated land and climate situation, 97 cultivated land monitoring samples were selected in this paper. There were 16 dynamic monitoring sites and 81 fixed monitoring sites. By analyzing the monitoring samples and other coverage in the study area, it is shown that the monitoring samples laid in each research area basically cover all the natural, utilization and economic categories of cultivated land in Wucao City. The proportion of monitoring sample and the proportion of cultivated land area are similar, which also shows that the sample selection has a strong representativeness. The common Kriging method is used to test the monitoring samples, and the results show that the interpolation accuracy is high.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.211

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本文編號：2189392