【摘要】：交通條件的不足嚴(yán)重制約和限制海島的發(fā)展,連陸跨海大橋的建設(shè)使得海島與陸地緊密相連。由于交通條件的改善,海島,特別是旅游型海島的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)得到較快發(fā)展,但跨海大橋的建設(shè)對(duì)海島土地利用變化的影響尚不明確。本研究根據(jù)舟山跨海大橋的建造時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn),選取不同階段的六期遙感影像,進(jìn)行解譯,獲取研究區(qū)的土地利用數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)而生成土地利用分布圖。在此基礎(chǔ)上借助土地利用轉(zhuǎn)移矩陣分析研究區(qū)土地利用變化特征以及其歷史演變過程,使用相關(guān)性分析和主成分分析等方法研究土地利用變化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。借助中國(guó)陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)當(dāng)量因子表以及其他相關(guān)方法研究朱家尖島的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值的變化,以期為朱家尖島的可持續(xù)健康發(fā)展提供科學(xué)支撐,同時(shí)為橋梁連陸型島嶼的土地開發(fā)利用提供相關(guān)借鑒。本研究主要結(jié)果如下:(1)朱家尖島土地利用變化主要表現(xiàn)為建設(shè)用地面積增加以及耕地面積減少:1990-2015年研究區(qū)陸域面積增加693 hm2,建設(shè)用地和耕地是變化最為強(qiáng)烈的兩種土地利用類型。其中,建設(shè)用地面積增加948 hm2(520%),耕地面積減少736hm2(39%),其余土地利用類型面積的變化相對(duì)較小,比較平穩(wěn)。(2)朱家尖島土地利用變化的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力是橋梁建設(shè)以及其引發(fā)的旅游經(jīng)濟(jì):研究區(qū)土地利用變化主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力是橋梁建設(shè)因子以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因子。第三產(chǎn)業(yè)從業(yè)人員數(shù)量、旅游人口數(shù)量、旅游業(yè)門票收入、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)實(shí)繳稅金、工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值以及國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值的因子載荷較高,是導(dǎo)致朱家尖島土地利用變化的主要社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因子。朱家尖島通過朱家尖海峽大橋以及舟山跨海大橋與外界進(jìn)行溝通,獨(dú)特的地理位置使得這兩座大橋?qū)χ旒壹鈲u土地利用變化具有特殊的作用。朱家尖海峽大橋?qū)ㄔO(shè)用地的增長(zhǎng)具有推動(dòng)作用,舟山跨海大橋?qū)β糜稳丝诘脑黾泳哂忻黠@的推動(dòng)作用。橋梁建設(shè)因子通過這兩種途徑影響朱家尖島的土地利用變化。(3)土地利用變化導(dǎo)致對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值貢獻(xiàn)最大的功能從食物生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閵蕵肺幕δ?在整個(gè)研究時(shí)段內(nèi)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值總量增加了 1484萬(wàn)元(6%)。各單項(xiàng)生態(tài)服務(wù)價(jià)值的貢獻(xiàn)率也發(fā)生了變化。1990年食物生產(chǎn)功能的貢獻(xiàn)率最大,為26%,2010年開始娛樂功能的貢獻(xiàn)率占比最大,為22%,超過食物生產(chǎn)功能。2015年娛樂文化功能的占比持續(xù)增加。綜上所述,1990-2015年朱家尖島土地利用格局發(fā)生了很大變化,建設(shè)用地和耕地的變化最強(qiáng)烈。導(dǎo)致朱家尖島土地利用變化的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力為社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因子以及橋梁建設(shè)因子。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中沙灘的服務(wù)價(jià)值的貢獻(xiàn)率變化最大,不同服務(wù)功能中娛樂文化的價(jià)值貢獻(xiàn)率變化最大。
[Abstract]:The lack of traffic conditions seriously restricts and restricts the development of the islands. The construction of the bridge connecting the land and the sea makes the islands closely connected with the land. Because of the improvement of traffic conditions, the social economy of the islands, especially the tourist islands, has been developed rapidly, but the influence of the construction of the cross-sea bridge on the land use change of the islands is still unclear. According to the construction time node of Zhoushan cross-sea bridge, six stages of remote sensing images were selected and interpreted to obtain the land use data of the study area and then to generate the land use distribution map. On this basis, the characteristics of land use change and its historical evolution in the study area were analyzed by means of land use transfer matrix, and the driving force of land use change was studied by means of correlation analysis and principal component analysis. In order to provide scientific support for the sustainable and healthy development of Zhujiajian Island, the changes of ecosystem service value of Zhujiajian Island are studied by using the equivalent factor table of terrestrial ecosystem services in China and other relevant methods. At the same time, it provides relevant reference for the land development and utilization of the bridge connected land islands. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) the changes of land use in Zhujiajian Island are mainly reflected in the increase of construction land area and the decrease of cultivated land area between 1990 and 2015. The land area of the study area increased by 693hm2between 1990 and 2015. Construction land and cultivated land are the two most intense changes. Land use type. Among them, the area of construction land increased 948 hm2 (520%), the area of cultivated land decreased 736hm2 (39%), the change of other land use type area was relatively small. (2) the main driving force of land use change in Zhujiajian Island is bridge construction and tourism economy. The main driving force of land use change in the study area is bridge construction factor and social economic factor. The number of employees in the tertiary industry, the number of tourist population, the ticket income of the tourism industry, the actual taxes paid by township enterprises, the total industrial output value and the factor load of the gross national product are relatively high. It is the main social and economic factor that causes the land use change of Zhujiajian Island. Zhujiajian Island communicates with the outside world through the Zhujiajian Strait Bridge and the Zhoushan Bridge. The unique geographical location makes the two bridges play a special role in the land use change of Zhujiajian Island. Zhujiajian Strait Bridge can promote the growth of construction land, and Zhoushan Bridge can obviously promote the increase of tourist population. The bridge construction factors influence the land use change in Zhujiajian Island through these two ways. (3) Land use change leads to the function that contributes most to the value of ecosystem services from food production to recreational cultural function: throughout the study The total value of ecosystem services increased by 14.84 million yuan (6%). The contribution rate of the value of individual ecological services also changed. In 1990, the contribution rate of food production function was the largest, which was 26%, and the contribution rate of entertainment function was the largest since 2010. More than the food production function. The proportion of entertainment cultural function continues to increase in 2015. To sum up, the land use pattern of Zhujiajian Island changed greatly from 1990 to 2015, and the change of construction land and cultivated land was the strongest. The main driving forces of land use change in Zhujiajian Island are socio-economic factors and bridge construction factors. The contribution rate of service value of beach is the biggest in ecosystem, and the value contribution rate of entertainment culture is the biggest in different service function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F301.24

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