發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-02 12:20

【摘要】：家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包制打破了土地公有公營(yíng)，克服了“大鍋飯”的諸多弊端，從制度上激發(fā)了農(nóng)民的農(nóng)作積極性，土地產(chǎn)出率和勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率大大提高，為保障國(guó)家糧食安全做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。伴隨著農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的不斷調(diào)整和農(nóng)業(yè)市場(chǎng)化的發(fā)展，以小規(guī)模細(xì)碎化經(jīng)營(yíng)為基礎(chǔ)的家庭承包經(jīng)營(yíng)制局限性逐漸顯露，對(duì)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)組織化、機(jī)械化和科技化的自然排斥嚴(yán)重制約了農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程。學(xué)者們認(rèn)為中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化中最棘手難題就是如何將小規(guī)模細(xì)碎農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)模改造成適合發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)場(chǎng)規(guī)模。在此背景下，各類新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體與家庭承包經(jīng)營(yíng)制度相伴而生，在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中不斷發(fā)育成長(zhǎng)，呈現(xiàn)出旺盛的生命力和良好的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭。2008年，中央首次明確家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)作為農(nóng)村地區(qū)土地規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)的主體，在當(dāng)年的十七屆三中全會(huì)通過(guò)的《中共中央關(guān)于推進(jìn)農(nóng)村改革發(fā)展若干重大問(wèn)題的決定》中提出“有條件的地方可以發(fā)展大戶、家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社等規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)主體”。2013年中央一號(hào)文件《關(guān)于加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)農(nóng)村發(fā)展活力的若干意見(jiàn)》中，則四次提到家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)，進(jìn)一步把家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)明確為新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體的重要形式。作為傳統(tǒng)家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)的升級(jí)模式，，家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)正是各類新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體的構(gòu)成之一。作為農(nóng)業(yè)的微觀組織形式，家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)在歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已有幾百年的歷史。但由于我國(guó)特殊的不同于西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的社會(huì)體制與背景，家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)在我國(guó)的發(fā)展與完善不能完全照搬照抄西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的發(fā)展模式，只有科學(xué)認(rèn)知并遵循其成長(zhǎng)機(jī)理，抓住起發(fā)展的必要性及優(yōu)勢(shì)，分析存在困境并提出相應(yīng)發(fā)展對(duì)策，建立具有中國(guó)特色的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)，使其我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)中發(fā)揮更大作用。 本論文以家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論為支撐，以相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)資料為為基礎(chǔ)，遵循“提出問(wèn)題一研究文獻(xiàn)一確定分析角度一得出結(jié)論或者提出對(duì)策建議”的思路，運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)分析方法、文獻(xiàn)綜述法、綜合分析法等研究方法。分別對(duì)中國(guó)是家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展的背景、必要性，成長(zhǎng)機(jī)理，存在問(wèn)題及解決對(duì)策進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的闡述分析。本文可能的創(chuàng)新之處有以下三個(gè)方面：首先是對(duì)中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)概念的提出，并分析了其不同于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的具有中國(guó)特色的特征。其次是對(duì)中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)成長(zhǎng)機(jī)理從現(xiàn)實(shí)和理論兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究論述，其中對(duì)于成長(zhǎng)機(jī)理現(xiàn)實(shí)層面的論述將中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程比喻成農(nóng)學(xué)意義上的“原種”的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程，綜合了農(nóng)學(xué)和農(nóng)經(jīng)學(xué)相關(guān)知識(shí)，使對(duì)中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的成長(zhǎng)機(jī)理的描述更形象生動(dòng)化。最后是在對(duì)中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)存在問(wèn)題及提出相應(yīng)對(duì)策建議時(shí)，將細(xì)碎的問(wèn)題歸納概括成適度規(guī)�；�(jīng)營(yíng)和農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)組織落后兩大方面，將問(wèn)題和解決方案呈現(xiàn)的更系統(tǒng)更全面。 由于中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)在我國(guó)發(fā)展歷史較短、培育機(jī)制尚不成熟并且因其自身的一些特性很難找到全面系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)、即便有數(shù)據(jù)也很難量化到計(jì)量模型中進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析，使得對(duì)中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展問(wèn)題在定量分析方面缺乏相關(guān)研究。隨著我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的加快發(fā)展，在不同的發(fā)展階段中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展也會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的新問(wèn)題，對(duì)中國(guó)式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展問(wèn)題也將隨時(shí)進(jìn)行更深入的研究。
[Abstract]:The household contract system has broken the public property of the land and overcame many disadvantages of the "big pot". It has aroused the farmers' enthusiasm for farming, the rate of land output and labor productivity greatly improved, and made great contributions to the security of the national food security. With the development of agricultural marketization, the limitation of the household contract management system based on small and small scale management is gradually revealed. The organization of production and management, the mechanization and the natural exclusion of science and technology have seriously restricted the process of agricultural modernization. In this context, in this context, various new types of agricultural management bodies are accompanied by the family contract management system, growing up in the practice of agricultural production, showing vigorous vitality and good momentum of development in.2008 years. The central bank clearly defined the family farm as the land of rural areas for the first time. The main body of scale management, which was adopted in the third Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee of the year of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on several major issues on promoting rural reform and development, put forward the "large households, family farms, farmers' professional cooperatives and other large-scale management subjects with conditional places" in the Central Committee of.2013, document < about accelerating the development of modern agriculture. In a number of suggestions to further enhance the vitality of rural development, the family farm was mentioned four times, and the family farm was further defined as an important form of new agricultural management. As an upgrading model of traditional family management, family farm is one of the construction of various new types of agricultural management. The farm has a history of several hundred years in developed countries such as Europe and America. But because of the special social system and background of the western developed countries, the development and perfection of family farm in our country can not completely copy the development model of western developed countries. Only scientific cognition and the growth mechanism are followed, and the necessity of development is seized. And advantages, analysis of the existence of difficulties and put forward the corresponding development countermeasures, the establishment of family farms with Chinese characteristics, so that China's agricultural and rural economic development and modern agricultural construction play a greater role.
This paper, based on the basic theory of family farm related, based on relevant data statistics, follows the idea of "putting forward questions a research document to determine an analytical angle, draw conclusions or put forward suggestions", and uses systematic analysis, literature review, comprehensive analysis and other research methods. China is a family, respectively. The background of the farm development, the necessity, the growth mechanism, the existing problems and the countermeasures are systematically expounded and analyzed. The possible innovations of this paper are the following three aspects: first, the concept of Chinese family farm is put forward, and the characteristics of the Chinese family, which are different from the developed countries, are analyzed. The second is the Chinese family. The growth mechanism of the farm is discussed from two aspects of reality and theory, in which the practical level of the growth mechanism is compared to the growth process of the Chinese family farm, which combines the knowledge of Agronomy and agronomy to describe the growth mechanism of the Chinese family farm. More vivid and vivid. Finally, when the problems of Chinese family farm and the corresponding suggestions are put forward, the detailed problems are summed up into two aspects of the moderate scale management and the backwardness of the agricultural socialization service organization, and the problems and solutions are presented more systematically and fully.
Because of the short history of Chinese family farm development in China, the cultivation mechanism is not mature and it is difficult to find the comprehensive and systematic data because of its own characteristics. Even if the data are difficult to quantify into the quantitative analysis, it is lack of relevant research on the quantitative analysis of the problem of Chinese family farm development. With the rapid development of the process of agricultural modernization in China, the development of Chinese family farm in different stages of development will also present new problems with different emphasis, and further research will be carried out at any time in the development of Chinese family farm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F324.1

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