【摘要】：本研究運用能值理論和能值分析方法,研究江西省2011-2015年的農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)的能值投入,弄清它們結(jié)構(gòu)及隨時間變化動態(tài),分析該系統(tǒng)投入能值演替的歷史軌跡和發(fā)展趨勢�？陀^評價該系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展狀況,從而探討相應的對策與建議,為政府決策提供科學依據(jù)。本文研究的結(jié)果歸納如下。(1)在江西農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)投入能值構(gòu)成中,江西省農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)每年由系統(tǒng)外輸入進的能值(環(huán)境資源和工業(yè)輔助的能值)不到投入總能值的1/2,系統(tǒng)內(nèi)本身提供的有機能值高達1/2以上。表明江西省農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)大部分處于自我維持生產(chǎn)狀態(tài),系統(tǒng)的封閉性,保守性較強。(2)能值投入結(jié)構(gòu)中存在3個不合理的地方,一是購買能值中,工業(yè)輔助能和有機能的匹配不合理,有機能值占購買能值的絕大部分。意味著江西農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)科學技術(shù)投入少,經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)發(fā)展程度不高,系統(tǒng)封閉性強,與外界交流少,缺乏活力。二是工業(yè)輔助能值內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)比例失調(diào)�；誓苤低度胩�,其余工業(yè)輔助能值投入太少,該系統(tǒng)農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量依然依靠化肥投入來維持。三是有機能值內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)也不合理,勞力能值占據(jù)3/4以上,人力依然是該系統(tǒng)的重要動力,仍未擺脫勞動密集型封閉式的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)格局。(3)目前江西省農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)高的能值投入和GDP位于全國較低位置中的關(guān)系的主要原因是能值投入結(jié)構(gòu)不合理。首先要大力削減勞力能值的投入,提高新技術(shù)科技能值投入。此外,應大力拓寬和加長農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈,使農(nóng)產(chǎn)品增值,這樣不僅能解決好農(nóng)村勞力的轉(zhuǎn)移,而且農(nóng)民也從中得到實惠,提高農(nóng)民的積極性,使系統(tǒng)運行始終保持高效和健康的水平。(4)廣辟有機肥源,減少化肥的投入,因地制宜采取合適的生物措施、工程措施和具體耕作措施控制水土流失,加強基層農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣體系建設(shè),培養(yǎng)農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)的技術(shù)人才,提高農(nóng)民素質(zhì)。加快生物技術(shù),良種培育、豐產(chǎn)栽培、節(jié)水增收、有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、病蟲害防治、防災減災等領(lǐng)域的科技創(chuàng)新與推廣,采取這些措施才能保證江西省農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)快速向前發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the emergy theory and emergy analysis method are used to study the emergy input of agro-ecological economic system in Jiangxi Province from 2011 to 2015, to make clear their structure and dynamic changes with time, and to analyze the historical track and development trend of the emergy succession of the system. The sustainable development of the system is evaluated objectively, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are discussed, which can provide scientific basis for government decision-making. The results of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) in the input energy composition of Jiangxi agro-ecological economic system, The energy input (environmental resources and industry-assisted emergy) from the agricultural eco-economic system in Jiangxi Province is less than one half of the total input value every year, and the organic energy value provided by the system itself is more than one second of the total input value. The results show that most of the agricultural eco-economic systems in Jiangxi Province are self-sustaining, closed and conservative. (2) there are three unreasonable places in the structure of emergy input, one is in the purchase energy, and the other is in the purchase energy. Industrial auxiliary energy and functional matching is unreasonable, organic energy accounts for the majority of the purchase energy. It means that Jiangxi has less investment in science and technology of agro-ecological economic system, low level of economic system development, strong system closure, less communication with the outside world, and lack of vitality. The second is the imbalance of the internal structure of industrial auxiliary energy. Chemical fertilizer input is too much and other industrial auxiliary energy inputs are too small. The system still relies on fertilizer input to sustain crop production. Third, the internal structure of organic energy is also unreasonable. The labor energy occupies more than 3 / 4. Manpower is still an important driving force in the system. (3) the main reason of the relationship between the high emergy input and the GDP in the lower position of the whole country is that the structure of the emergy input is unreasonable. First of all, we must vigorously reduce the input of labor energy, and raise the input of new technology and science and technology. In addition, it is necessary to expand and lengthen the industrial chain of intensive processing of agricultural products so as to increase the value of agricultural products, so as not only to solve the transfer of rural labor, but also to benefit farmers and increase their enthusiasm. In order to keep the system running efficiently and healthily all the time. (4) to open up the organic fertilizer source extensively, reduce the input of chemical fertilizer, take appropriate biological measures, engineering measures and concrete tillage measures to control soil and water loss according to local conditions, Strengthen the construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system, train agricultural technical personnel, improve the quality of farmers. To accelerate scientific and technological innovation and promotion in the fields of biotechnology, breeding of improved varieties, cultivation of high yield, water saving and income increasing, organic agricultural products, prevention and control of diseases and pests, disaster prevention and mitigation, etc. Only by taking these measures can we guarantee the rapid development of agricultural ecological economic system in Jiangxi Province.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F327

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