【摘要】：20世紀(jì)90年代至今是東莞市城市建設(shè)的上升期,第二產(chǎn)業(yè)為主的工業(yè)制造業(yè)在東莞市生根發(fā)芽,創(chuàng)造了較多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),吸引了較多的農(nóng)民工涌入東莞市。東莞市農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,創(chuàng)造了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,但是同時(shí)也為東莞市城市化的建設(shè)帶來(lái)一定的問(wèn)題。由于城市的較快發(fā)展,貧富差距的擴(kuò)大,造成農(nóng)民工這一弱勢(shì)群體在城市中面臨著較差的工作環(huán)境,自身的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件較差、較高的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用與工作收入存在較大的矛盾,因此影響農(nóng)民工的身心健康發(fā)展。受城鄉(xiāng)二元社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,特別是在東莞市這一經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的制造業(yè)城市,農(nóng)民工從事勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè),出賣廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力,工資收入較低,同時(shí)還存在醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)沒(méi)有涉及到的問(wèn)題,農(nóng)民工的收入無(wú)力支付高額醫(yī)療費(fèi)用,致使很多農(nóng)民工將小病拖成大病,身體健康水平整體不高。目前,有關(guān)農(nóng)民工的醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系還不完善,農(nóng)民工對(duì)醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)也缺乏一定的認(rèn)知,因此探索出適合東莞市城鄉(xiāng)一體化的農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系具有重要的實(shí)際意義。本論文在東莞市目前農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)情況的基礎(chǔ)之上,立足于社會(huì)保障理論和效率和公平理論對(duì)處于城鄉(xiāng)一體化改革背景下的東莞市農(nóng)民工的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查和分析,包括東莞市農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)取得的成績(jī),東莞市農(nóng)民工的基本情況,東莞市農(nóng)民工的健康狀況,東莞市農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)的狀況。并分析了城鄉(xiāng)一體化背景下農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)存在的主要問(wèn)題及進(jìn)行了原因分析,主要存在的問(wèn)題有:農(nóng)民工沒(méi)有享受城鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)療服務(wù),異地銜接和報(bào)銷較困難,缺乏針對(duì)老年醫(yī)療保障,務(wù)工時(shí)間短的農(nóng)民工參加醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)困難,可供農(nóng)民工選擇的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)有限。造成這一系列的原因主要有:制度缺陷、各級(jí)政府責(zé)任、農(nóng)民工自身原因、缺乏有效的監(jiān)管等。因此針對(duì)存在的問(wèn)題提出適合東莞市一體化發(fā)展的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)措施,包括統(tǒng)籌建設(shè)城鄉(xiāng)一體化醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度、明確政府責(zé)任、利用商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)完善農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系等。目前,東莞市農(nóng)民工醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系的完善還需要多方共同努力,還需要通過(guò)不斷的實(shí)踐來(lái)總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),探索出真正的符合東莞市城鄉(xiāng)一體化發(fā)展的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)體系,促進(jìn)東莞市城市化的進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, the city of Dongguan City has been on the rise. The secondary industry-oriented industrial manufacturing industry has taken root and sprouted in Dongguan City, created more employment opportunities and attracted more migrant workers to flood into Dongguan City. The transfer of rural labor force in Dongguan has promoted the development of economy and created huge economic benefits, but at the same time, it has also brought some problems to the construction of urbanization in Dongguan. Due to the rapid development of the city and the widening gap between the rich and the poor, migrant workers, as a vulnerable group, are faced with a poor working environment in the city, their own medical and health conditions are poor, and there is a greater contradiction between the higher medical expenses and the work income. Therefore, it affects the physical and mental development of migrant workers. Affected by the dual social structure between urban and rural areas, especially in Dongguan, a manufacturing city with a developed economy, migrant workers are engaged in labor-intensive industries, sell cheap labor, and earn relatively low wages. At the same time there are also problems that medical insurance does not involve. The income of migrant workers is unable to pay the high medical costs. As a result many migrant workers drag the minor illness into a serious illness and the overall level of health is not high. At present, the medical service system of migrant workers is not perfect, and migrant workers also lack a certain understanding of medical insurance, so it is of great practical significance to explore a medical insurance system suitable for the integration of urban and rural areas in Dongguan City. Based on the current medical insurance situation of migrant workers in Dongguan City, this paper investigates and analyzes the medical insurance situation of migrant workers in Dongguan under the background of urban and rural integration reform based on the theory of social security, efficiency and fairness. Including the achievements of medical insurance for migrant workers in Dongguan, the basic situation of migrant workers in Dongguan, the health status of migrant workers in Dongguan, and the medical insurance status of migrant workers in Dongguan. It also analyzes the main problems and causes of medical insurance of migrant workers under the background of urban-rural integration. The main problems are: rural migrant workers do not enjoy urban medical services, and it is difficult to connect and reimburse in different places. Lack of medical insurance for the elderly, migrant workers with short time to participate in medical insurance is difficult, the choice of medical insurance for migrant workers is limited. The main causes are: system defects, government responsibilities at all levels, migrant workers themselves, lack of effective supervision and so on. Therefore, this paper puts forward the medical insurance measures suitable for the integration development of Dongguan City, including the overall construction of the urban-rural integrated medical insurance system, the clear government responsibility, and the use of commercial insurance to improve the medical insurance system of migrant workers, and so on. At present, the improvement of the medical insurance system of migrant workers in Dongguan still needs to make joint efforts, sum up experience through continuous practice, and explore a real medical insurance system that conforms to the development of integration of urban and rural areas in Dongguan. To promote the process of urbanization in Dongguan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F842.684;F323.89

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本文編號(hào)：2152231