【摘要】：土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖是指反映一定區(qū)域內(nèi)的土地利用類型、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量及結(jié)構(gòu)的專題地圖。與一般的地理數(shù)據(jù)類似,土地利用數(shù)據(jù)包含空間數(shù)據(jù)和屬性數(shù)據(jù)兩部分,具有空間數(shù)據(jù)全覆蓋、無重疊、無縫隙及屬性數(shù)據(jù)語義上多層次劃分的特點(diǎn)。因此,土地利用數(shù)據(jù)制圖綜合有別于傳統(tǒng)的普通地圖的制圖綜合,除了需要考慮傳統(tǒng)普通地圖制圖綜合的理論因素外,還需要根據(jù)土地利用數(shù)據(jù)特點(diǎn),考慮其所受到的拓?fù)湟恢滦约s束及語義一致性約束。目前,有很多的學(xué)者對土地利用數(shù)據(jù)制圖綜合的操作算子進(jìn)行了大量的研究,取得了一系列的成就,但現(xiàn)有的研究大多集中于土地利用數(shù)據(jù)中的圖斑合并或融合方面,甚少有專門針對圖斑降維操作的研究�；诖�,本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮土地利用數(shù)據(jù)自身的特點(diǎn),深入研究了土地利用數(shù)據(jù)中圖斑由面降維成線的方法。其中主要的研究包括:(1)在空間點(diǎn)集拓?fù)淅碚撋咸接懥送恋乩矛F(xiàn)狀圖圖斑降維成線后所產(chǎn)生的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系變化,并基于拓?fù)潢P(guān)系一致性的約束,分析了圖斑在不同尺度下,面-面拓?fù)潢P(guān)系與線-面及線-線拓?fù)潢P(guān)系的等價(jià)性推理;(2)介紹了對狹長圖斑的定量化描述方法,并基于約束Delaunay三角網(wǎng)給出了狹長圖斑的自動(dòng)探測及圖斑狹長分支的分割方法;(3)研究基于圓擴(kuò)展的拓?fù)涔蚕睃c(diǎn)探測方法,對降維后所產(chǎn)生的不同拓?fù)潢P(guān)系變化的狹長圖斑情況給出了不同的一致性改正方法。同時(shí)采取了ArcGIS Engine二次開發(fā)的方法在Visual Studio 2010中構(gòu)建了相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)算法模塊,實(shí)現(xiàn)了文中所提出的方法。最后,本文進(jìn)行了包括小圖斑的合并、狹長圖斑的自動(dòng)探測、圖斑狹長部分的分割、圖斑自動(dòng)降維及一致性改正五個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)采用南京市高淳區(qū)淳溪鎮(zhèn)1:5000 土地利用數(shù)據(jù),目標(biāo)比例尺為1:50000比例尺,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明綜合后的零散小圖斑減少,包括公路用地、農(nóng)村道路用地、田坎、溝渠四種狹長的用地類型被降維成線,降維后的數(shù)據(jù)依然維持“空間全覆蓋、無重疊、無縫隙”的特點(diǎn),且區(qū)域總面積基本維持平衡,反映了所提出的一致性改正算法的有效性。整體實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明了本文所提出的方法的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:The current land use map refers to the thematic map reflecting the types, quantity, quality and structure of land use in a certain area. Similar to general geographic data, land use data includes two parts: spatial data and attribute data, which have the characteristics of full coverage of spatial data, no overlap, no gap and semantic multi-level partition of attribute data. Therefore, the cartographic generalization of land use data is different from the cartographic generalization of the traditional common map. In addition to the theoretical factors that need to be taken into account in the cartographic generalization of the traditional general map, it also needs to be based on the characteristics of the land use data. The topological consistency constraint and semantic consistency constraint are considered. At present, many scholars have done a lot of research on the operator of land use data mapping generalization, and have made a series of achievements, but most of the existing research focuses on the integration or fusion of land use data. There is very little research on the dimension reduction operation of pattern spot. On the basis of the previous researches and considering the characteristics of the land use data, this paper deeply studies the method of reducing the dimension of the map spot from the surface to the line in the land use data. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the topological theory of spatial point set, the changes of topological relationship caused by the reduction of land use map are discussed, and based on the constraints of the consistency of topological relations, the map spots are analyzed at different scales. The equivalence reasoning between the topologic relation of plane and the topological relation between line and line. (2) the quantitative description method of long and narrow picture spot is introduced. Based on constrained Delaunay triangulation, the automatic detection of long and narrow spots and the segmentation method of long and narrow branches are given. (3) the method of topology sharing point detection based on circle expansion is studied. In this paper, different consistency correction methods are given for the long and narrow picture spots with different topological relationship changes after dimension reduction. At the same time, the method of ArcGIS Engine secondary development is adopted to construct the corresponding experimental algorithm module in Visual Studio 2010, and the method proposed in this paper is realized. Finally, five experiments are carried out in this paper, including the combination of small spots, the automatic detection of long and narrow spots, the segmentation of long and narrow parts, the automatic dimensionality reduction and consistency correction. The experiment uses the land use data of 1: 5000 in Chun Xi Town, Gaochun District, Nanjing City. The target scale is 1: 50000 scale. The experimental results show that the scattered small map spots are reduced, including road land, rural road land, farmland, etc. Four long and narrow land types of ditches are reduced into lines, and the data after dimensionality reduction still maintain the characteristics of "full space coverage, no overlap, no gap", and the total area of the region is basically balanced. It reflects the effectiveness of the proposed consistency correction algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F301.24;P208

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