【摘要】：中國耕地的現(xiàn)狀是山地多,平地少,耕地比重小,在耕地利用中存在著耕地人均量少;耕地資源地區(qū)分布不平均,耕地生產(chǎn)力地區(qū)性差異大;耕地后備資源面臨枯竭,利用難度較大的土地數(shù)量多等一系列問題。因此保護和利用耕地的時候要求確保占補平衡、嚴(yán)守耕地紅線、守住基本農(nóng)田和高產(chǎn)農(nóng)田的紅線。耕地的質(zhì)量評價在實踐操作和理論研究上,都是目前應(yīng)該得到重視和開展的工作。其本質(zhì)是為了揭示耕地質(zhì)量高低和耕地在空間分布的規(guī)律。這對確保中國13億人口糧食需求、推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟社會平穩(wěn)增長具有重要的戰(zhàn)略意義,耕地的保護和研究勢在必行。全面摸清筠連縣的耕地質(zhì)量的影響因素以及其耕地質(zhì)量等別,有利于調(diào)整筠連縣土地的利用布局結(jié)構(gòu)和合理安排區(qū)域內(nèi)耕地的各項建設(shè)項目。本文在全國耕地地力評價指標(biāo)體系為依據(jù)的條件下,結(jié)合筠連縣的實際情況,把縣域內(nèi)所有耕地作為研究對象,采用特爾斐法構(gòu)建了筠連縣的耕地分等因子評價指標(biāo)體系;通過確定指定作物的各參數(shù)和質(zhì)量分,結(jié)合GIS軟件空間數(shù)據(jù)處理能力對筠連縣耕地進(jìn)行評價;根據(jù)筠連縣耕地質(zhì)量評價結(jié)果,分析對耕地質(zhì)量評價結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響的土壤分布和土地整治因素,在此基礎(chǔ)上并結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)氐母鞯膶嶋H情況提出耕地的利用建議。論文研究主要成果有:(1)構(gòu)建了筠連縣耕地分等參數(shù)指標(biāo)體系。結(jié)合上一輪成果資料以及對相關(guān)筠連縣耕地資料分析驗證,最終以有剖面構(gòu)型、效土層厚度、地貌類型、土壤pH值、地形坡度、有機質(zhì)等因子構(gòu)建分等因子指標(biāo)體系,以及最終查證和確定了指定作物的生產(chǎn)潛力指數(shù)、指定作物的產(chǎn)量比系數(shù)、土地利用系數(shù)和經(jīng)濟系數(shù),根據(jù)相關(guān)公式計算出指定作物的質(zhì)量分;(2)采用模糊綜合評價法對筠連縣進(jìn)行了耕地質(zhì)量評價,把筠連縣所有耕地按照質(zhì)量優(yōu)劣劃分為耕地國家自然等別為8等耕地450.72hm2,9等耕地9061.42hm2,10等耕地26712.77hm2,11等耕地0.24hm2。耕地國家利用等別為6等耕地0.59hm2,7等耕地1489.03hm2,8等耕地3201.35hm2,9等耕地14252.59hm2,10等耕地13520.56hm2,11等耕地4562.02hm2。耕地國家經(jīng)濟等別為7等耕地1023.16hm2,8等耕地3049.28hm2,9等耕地15130.54hm2,10等耕地13261.92hm2,11等耕地4561.2hm2。(3)利用ArcGIS軟件和excel軟件對筠連縣耕地成果與上輪成果進(jìn)行比較,其變化的總體情況是與上輪相比筠連縣耕地國家自然等別8等和9等的面積比例比上輪評價結(jié)果分別上升到了1.22%和26.64%;10等下降到了72.15%;11等沒有變化,耕地面積增加108.61hm2;與上輪成果相比筠連縣耕地國家利用等別的7等地的面積比例由2.72%上升到了2.76%;8等地的面積比例由8.18%上升到了8.24%;9等地的面積比例由40.60%上升到了40.86%;10等地的面積比例由35.94%下降到了35.82%;11等地的面積比例由12.56%下降到了12.32%;與上輪成果相比筠連縣耕地國家經(jīng)濟等別的6等地的面積未變;7等地的面積比例由3.89%上升到了4.02%;8等地的面積比例由7.63%上升到了8.65%;9等地的面積比例由39.30%下降到了38.49%;10等地的面積比例由36.62%下降到了36.52%;11等地的面積比例由12.56%下降到了12.32%。
[Abstract]:The current situation of cultivated land in China is mountainous, flat land, small proportion of cultivated land, small proportion of cultivated land, low per capita cultivated land in cultivated land use, uneven distribution of cultivated land resources, great regional differences in cultivated land productivity, a series of problems such as the exhaustion of cultivated land resources and the use of more difficult land, so that the protection and utilization of cultivated land should be taken as a result. In order to ensure the balance, keep the red line of cultivated land and keep the red line of basic farmland and high yield farmland, the quality evaluation of cultivated land should be paid attention to and carried out in practice and theory research. The essence is to reveal the quality of cultivated land and the law of the spatial distribution of cultivated land. This ensures the grain of the 1 billion 300 million population of China. It is of great strategic significance to promote the stable development of agriculture and promote the stable economic and social growth. The protection and research of cultivated land is imperative. To fully understand the factors affecting the quality of cultivated land in Junlian county and the quality of its cultivated land, it is beneficial to adjust the distribution structure of land utilization in Junlian county and to rationally arrange the various construction of cultivated land in the region. According to the actual situation of Junlian County, this paper sets up the evaluation index system of the arable land factor of Junlian County by the Delphi method, and combines the GIS software space by determining the parameters and quality points of the designated crops. The data processing capacity is used to evaluate the cultivated land in Junlian county. According to the results of the evaluation of the cultivated land quality in Junlian County, the soil distribution and land regulation factors which affect the results of the cultivated land quality evaluation are analyzed. On this basis, the utilization of cultivated land is proposed in combination with the actual situation of local cultivation. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the construction of Junlian is made. Based on the data of the last round of cultivated land and the analysis and verification of the relevant data of the cultivated land in Junlian County, the index system of the factors such as the profile configuration, the soil layer thickness, the landform type, the pH value of the soil, the slope of the soil, the organic matter and so on, is finally constructed, and the production potential of the designated crops is confirmed and confirmed. Number, yield ratio of designated crops, land use coefficient and economic coefficient, and calculate the quality of designated crops according to the relevant formula; (2) the quality evaluation of cultivated land in Junlian county is carried out by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and all cultivated land in Junlian county is divided into arable land and other cultivated land 450.72hm2,9 and other arable land according to the quality of cultivated land. 26712.77hm2,11 and other cultivated land, such as cultivated land, such as cultivated land, such as cultivated land and other cultivated land, such as 0.24hm2. cultivated land, and so on, such as 0.24hm2. cultivated land and other cultivated land, such as 6 arable land, 0.59hm2,7 and so on, 1489.03hm2,8 and so on, 3201.35hm2,9 and so on, 14252.59hm2,10 and so on, 14252.59hm2,10 and so on, 13520.56hm2,11 and other cultivated land, 4562.02hm2. arable land, etc. 0 cultivated land 13261.92hm2,11 and other arable land 4561.2hm2. (3) used ArcGIS software and Excel software to compare the achievements of cultivated land in Junlian county and the results of the upper round. The overall situation of the change is that the area ratio of 8 and 9, such as 8 and 9, is up to 1.22% and 26.64%, respectively, to 10, and so on, compared with the upper wheel compared with the upper wheel. 72.15%; 11 and so on without change, the area of cultivated land increased by 108.61hm2; compared with the results of the upper wheel, the area ratio of 7 other 7 other places, such as the cultivated land use in Junlian County, rose from 2.72% to 2.76%; the area ratio of 8 other places rose from 8.18% to 8.24%; the proportion of the 9 land area rose from 40.60% to 40.86%; the area ratio of 10 areas fell from 35.94% to 35.94%. The area ratio of 35.82%, 11, and other places fell from 12.56% to 12.32%, and the area of cultivated land in Junlian was not changed from 6 to 12.32%, and the area ratio of 7 equal areas rose from 3.89% to 4.02%; the proportion of area 8 increased from 7.63% to 8.65%; the area ratio of 9 and other places dropped from 39.30% to 38.49%, etc. The area ratio decreased from 36.62% to 36.52%, and the proportion of 11 areas decreased from 12.56% to 12.32%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P208;F323.211

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