【摘要】：糧食安全問題是關(guān)系國家發(fā)展的重大現(xiàn)實問題,特別是對于經(jīng)歷過糧食短缺的中國而言,加強糧食儲備,保障糧食安全成為了廣泛共識。本文研究的政府儲備糧,是由政府財政負擔,用于調(diào)節(jié)社會糧食供需總量,穩(wěn)定糧食市場,以及應(yīng)對重大自然災(zāi)害或者其他突發(fā)事件,具有鮮明的公共屬性。自新中國成立以來,我國糧食流通經(jīng)歷了自由購銷、統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷、雙軌制和市場化階段,與此相配套建立起了中央政府糧食儲備和地方政府糧食儲備兩套官方糧食儲備體系,有效地起到了宏觀調(diào)控作用。本文認真分析了儲備糧的作用機制,介紹了古今中外糧食儲備管理經(jīng)驗,強調(diào)了政府儲備糧的公共屬性,總結(jié)了我國政府儲備糧管理中諸如運行效率低、輪換效益差、中央和地方矛盾等問題,詳細剖析了其產(chǎn)生的原因,最終提出優(yōu)化儲備糧管理的對策。在文章論述的過程中,沒有局限于無法求證的儲備糧規(guī)模問題,而是從我國的實際環(huán)境出發(fā),試圖借助公共產(chǎn)品理論和委托代理理論來解釋政府的儲糧行為,并通過邏輯推演分析儲備糧管理中的各種癥結(jié),大膽提出了多種改革措施,為政府完善儲備糧管理提供了借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:The issue of food security is a major practical issue related to the development of the country. Especially for China, which has experienced food shortage, it has become a widespread consensus to strengthen grain reserves and ensure food security. The government grain reserve studied in this paper is a government financial burden, which is used to adjust the total amount of social grain supply and demand, to stabilize the grain market, and to deal with major natural disasters or other emergencies, which has distinct public attributes. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the grain circulation in our country has gone through the stages of free purchase and sale, unified purchase and sale, dual track system and marketization. Two sets of official grain reserve systems, namely, the central government grain reserve and the local government grain reserve, have been set up in conjunction with this stage. Effectively played a macro-control role. This paper analyzes the function mechanism of grain reserve, introduces the experience of grain reserve management in ancient and modern times, emphasizes the public attribute of government grain reserve, and summarizes that the management of grain reserves in our country is of low operational efficiency and poor rotation benefit. This paper analyzes the causes of the contradictions between the central and local governments in detail, and finally puts forward the countermeasures to optimize the management of grain reserves. In the process discussed in the article, it is not limited to the problem of grain reserve scale which can not be verified, but based on the actual environment of our country, it tries to explain the government's behavior of grain storage with the help of the theory of public goods and the theory of principal-agent. Through logical deduction and analysis of various sticking points in grain reserve management, various reform measures are boldly put forward, which provides reference and reference for the government to perfect grain reserve management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.11

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