【摘要】：“三農(nóng)”問題一直是國家發(fā)展過程中重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的問題,“十三五”以來,國家將“三農(nóng)”問題的重點(diǎn)放在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)與促使農(nóng)村脫貧相結(jié)合上面來。結(jié)合當(dāng)今相關(guān)研究成果,綜合當(dāng)今政策,立足于農(nóng)村的實(shí)際,不斷提高農(nóng)戶生計(jì)資本量、持續(xù)促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶生計(jì)策略多樣性、努力提高農(nóng)民收入、繼續(xù)立足于強(qiáng)農(nóng)重農(nóng)的目標(biāo)不改變就顯得尤為重要。本研究從陜西省麟游縣農(nóng)村地區(qū)實(shí)際情況出發(fā),依照科學(xué)性原則,基于英國國際發(fā)展署(DFID)的可持續(xù)生計(jì)分析框架(SLA),依據(jù)研究區(qū)域?qū)嶋H情況,有選擇的運(yùn)用其中部分內(nèi)容,構(gòu)建了用于貧困地區(qū)的農(nóng)戶生計(jì)研究的結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型(SEM)。本研究運(yùn)用陜西省麟游縣實(shí)地調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),共調(diào)研7個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)30個(gè)行政村,共得有效問卷280份�；诳沙掷m(xù)性生計(jì)分析框架,本研究主要從自然、人力、物質(zhì)、金融四大生計(jì)資本出發(fā),與生計(jì)策略、生計(jì)結(jié)果一起,構(gòu)建了生計(jì)資本—生計(jì)策略—生計(jì)結(jié)果研究框架,分析貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)戶生計(jì)框架中要素之間的影響機(jī)制;從多角度研究增加農(nóng)戶收入的途徑。本文運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件SPSS20.0及AMOS20.0,對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析與結(jié)構(gòu)方程驗(yàn)證,探究三者之間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明:人力、物質(zhì)兩種資本對技能培訓(xùn)、兼業(yè)經(jīng)營這兩種生計(jì)策略產(chǎn)生直接的正向影響作用,并且兩者分別從直接和間接兩個(gè)方面對收入增加這項(xiàng)生計(jì)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生正向的影響;金融資本對技能培訓(xùn)這項(xiàng)生計(jì)策略無顯著性影響,對兼業(yè)經(jīng)營這種生計(jì)策略產(chǎn)生直接的正向影響,并且金融資本從直接和間接兩個(gè)方面對收入增加產(chǎn)生正向影響。自然資本對生計(jì)策略中兼業(yè)經(jīng)營產(chǎn)生直接負(fù)向影響,對技能培訓(xùn)產(chǎn)生直接正向影響,對收入增加影響不顯著。故從研究結(jié)果出發(fā),可以驗(yàn)證出,生計(jì)資本(人力、物質(zhì)、金融)的增加可以直接或者間接地提高收入,同時(shí),技能培訓(xùn)和兼業(yè)經(jīng)營這兩種生計(jì)策略同樣能夠促進(jìn)農(nóng)戶收入增加,這對于貧困地區(qū)的貧困狀況改善具有一定的借鑒作用。結(jié)合本次研究結(jié)論,本文提出以下建議:應(yīng)該多途徑提高貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)戶生計(jì)資本存量,增加農(nóng)戶收入;提供多樣化的技能培訓(xùn)機(jī)會,增強(qiáng)勞動者素質(zhì);創(chuàng)造提供多樣化就業(yè)渠道,拓展兼業(yè)經(jīng)營機(jī)會。
[Abstract]:Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, the state has focused on the development of agriculture and rural areas with a view to promoting rural poverty eradication. Combining with the relevant research results, synthesizing the current policy, based on the reality of the rural areas, increasing the farmers' livelihood capital, continuously promoting the diversity of farmers' livelihood strategies, and striving to improve the farmers' income. It is particularly important to continue to base on the goal of strengthening agriculture and paying attention to agriculture. This study starts from the actual situation of rural areas in Linyou County, Shaanxi Province, according to the scientific principle, based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework of (DFID) of the British Agency for International Development, (SLA), according to the actual situation of the study region, selected use of some of the content. A structural equation model (SEM).) for the study of farmers' livelihood in poor areas was constructed. Based on the field data of Linyou County, Shaanxi Province, a total of 280 effective questionnaires were obtained from 30 administrative villages in 7 townships. Based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework, this study mainly from the natural, human, material, financial four livelihood capital, and livelihood strategies, livelihood results, constructed a livelihood capital-livelihood strategy-livelihood outcome research framework. This paper analyzes the influencing mechanism among the factors in the framework of farmers' livelihood in poor areas, and studies the ways to increase farmers' income from various angles. In this paper, the statistical software SPSS20.0 and Amos 20.0 are used to analyze the data and verify the structure equation to explore the complex relationship between them. The results show that both human and material capital have direct positive effects on skills training and concurrent management. And both directly and indirectly had a positive impact on the livelihood outcome of income increase, while financial capital had no significant impact on skills training as a livelihood strategy. It has a direct positive impact on the livelihood strategy of concurrent business management, and financial capital has a positive impact on income increase from both direct and indirect aspects. Natural capital has a direct negative impact on concurrent business management in livelihood strategy, a direct positive impact on skills training, but no significant impact on income increase. Therefore, based on the results of the research, it can be verified that the increase in livelihood capital (human, material, financial) can directly or indirectly increase income, at the same time, The two livelihood strategies of skills training and concurrent operation can also promote the increase of farmers' income, which can be used for reference to improve the poverty situation in poor areas. Combined with the conclusions of this study, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: we should increase the stock of farmers' livelihood capital and increase the income of farmers in poverty-stricken areas, provide diversified skills training opportunities, and enhance the quality of workers; Create diversified employment channels and expand concurrent business opportunities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.8

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