本文選題：農(nóng)村 + 扶貧��； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：貧困現(xiàn)象，在世界普遍存在。我國是農(nóng)業(yè)大國，農(nóng)村貧困問題一定程度存在。改革開放以來，中國的農(nóng)村貧困治理得到了長足進步，取得了令世界震驚的成績。中國式扶貧有中國特色，扶貧的政策、手段相繼經(jīng)過了開發(fā)式扶貧、八七扶貧攻堅、綜合性農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)等階段，從強調(diào)國家的主導(dǎo)性和主動性，逐漸注重發(fā)揮農(nóng)民和第三方組織的參與性。 相對于西部偏遠地區(qū)的農(nóng)村的整體扶貧，東部經(jīng)濟發(fā)達省份、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件好的農(nóng)村扶貧問題有其特殊性。相比而言，東部經(jīng)濟發(fā)達地區(qū)農(nóng)村貧困的原因更多的是社會、經(jīng)濟等“后天”的因素，而不是自然、氣候等“先天”的因素，貧困某種程度上呈現(xiàn)出復(fù)雜性、多樣性，對東部地區(qū)農(nóng)村的扶貧更應(yīng)該統(tǒng)籌兼顧，將扶貧與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)相結(jié)合，通過扶貧激活農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)民的活力，通過扶貧項目引導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)副業(yè)、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的融合發(fā)展。東部經(jīng)濟發(fā)達地區(qū)的農(nóng)村扶貧更加要注重發(fā)揮政府、第三方組織、農(nóng)民的作用，用治理理論指導(dǎo)扶貧實踐，為西部扶貧創(chuàng)出經(jīng)驗。 菏澤，位于東部經(jīng)濟發(fā)達省份，，本身卻是欠發(fā)達地區(qū)，農(nóng)村貧困問題依然較為嚴重。本文選取菏澤市為藍本，在治理的視角下，對該市的農(nóng)村扶貧問題進行了實地研究，首先從國內(nèi)外扶貧理論和治理理論來分析，構(gòu)建扶貧研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。其次對菏澤市農(nóng)村貧困現(xiàn)狀進行了概括，對貧困群體、生活特征等方面進行了具體分析，對菏澤市農(nóng)村扶貧工作現(xiàn)狀進行了分析，概括了扶貧過程、成效、具體做法。再次對菏澤市農(nóng)村扶貧過程中存在的問題及原因進行了分析，結(jié)合實際闡釋了扶貧中存在的困境，用治理的視角從經(jīng)濟、農(nóng)業(yè)、政府、第三方組織、農(nóng)民分析了這種困境產(chǎn)生的具體原因。最后，在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了加快菏澤市農(nóng)村扶貧進程的對策，具體為加快全市經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、大力推進農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化進程、發(fā)揮政府的主導(dǎo)作用、積極借助第三方組織的力量、發(fā)揮農(nóng)民的能動性。經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展在推動工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的同時，為政府扶貧提供經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)，提供了財力支持。農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化有利于直接改變農(nóng)村貧窮落后的面貌，提高農(nóng)民的生活水平。第三方組織有利于彌補政府扶貧的不足，提高了農(nóng)村扶貧的針對性、精準性。農(nóng)民的積極參與則是擺脫貧困的內(nèi)因和根本動力，農(nóng)民致富能力的增長，還有利于全面推進農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化步伐，釋放農(nóng)村市場活力，加快全市經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Poverty is widespread in the world. Our country is agricultural big country, rural poverty problem exists to a certain extent. Since the reform and opening up, China's rural poverty management has made considerable progress, has made shocking achievements in the world. The policies and means of poverty alleviation in China with Chinese characteristics have passed through the stages of development-oriented poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation in 1987, and comprehensive rural poverty alleviation and development. From the emphasis on the leading role and initiative of the state, Gradually focus on the participation of farmers and third-party organizations. Compared with the overall poverty alleviation in the rural areas in the remote areas of the west, the problem of poverty alleviation in the rural areas with good agricultural production conditions has its particularity in the economically developed provinces in the east. In contrast, the causes of rural poverty in the economically developed areas of the eastern region are more the "acquired" factors such as society and economy than the "innate" factors such as nature and climate. To some extent, poverty presents complexity and diversity. It is necessary to integrate poverty alleviation with modern agriculture, activate the vitality of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and guide the integration and development of agriculture, agricultural sideline and tertiary industry through poverty alleviation projects. The rural poverty alleviation in the eastern developed areas should pay more attention to the role of the government, third party organizations and farmers, guide the practice of poverty alleviation with the theory of governance, and create experience for the western poverty alleviation. Heze, located in the eastern developed province, itself is an underdeveloped region, rural poverty is still more serious. This article selects Heze city as the blueprint, under the governance angle of view, has carried on the field research to the urban countryside poverty alleviation question, first from the domestic and foreign poverty alleviation theory and the governance theory analysis, constructs the poverty alleviation research theory foundation. Secondly, it generalizes the present situation of rural poverty in Heze city, analyzes the poverty group, life characteristics and so on, analyzes the present situation of rural poverty alleviation in Heze city, and summarizes the process, effect and concrete methods of poverty alleviation. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the problems and causes in the process of poverty alleviation in Heze City, and explains the difficulties in poverty alleviation from the perspective of governance from the perspective of economy, agriculture, government and third party organizations. The farmer analyzed the concrete reason that this kind of predicament produces. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward some countermeasures to speed up the rural poverty alleviation process in Heze City, specifically to speed up the economic development of the whole city, vigorously promote the process of agricultural modernization, and give play to the leading role of the government. Actively with the help of third-party organizations, play the initiative of farmers. Economic development not only promotes industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, but also provides economic foundation and financial support for government poverty alleviation. Agricultural modernization is conducive to directly changing the face of rural poverty and backwardness and improving the living standards of farmers. Third-party organization helps to make up for the deficiency of government poverty alleviation, and improves the pertinence and accuracy of rural poverty alleviation. The active participation of farmers is the internal cause and fundamental motive force to get rid of poverty. The growth of farmers' ability to get rich is also conducive to comprehensively promoting the pace of agricultural modernization, releasing the vitality of the rural market, and speeding up the economic development of the whole city.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.8

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