本文選題：林業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟 + 財政政策　； 參考：《中國人口·資源與環(huán)境》2017年11期

【摘要】：本文基于2003—2013為期11年的跟蹤調(diào)研,使用涵蓋9個省份共1 497個樣本農(nóng)戶的數(shù)據(jù),多維度實證檢驗了中國林業(yè)公共政策對林業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的政策效應,并測算了各項政策的貢獻度。結(jié)果表明:(1)對于以個體農(nóng)戶林地面積為主要指標的林業(yè)生態(tài)效應,本文考察的公共政策都有顯著的正向貢獻,其貢獻度大小依次是:產(chǎn)權(quán)政策35.53%,管制政策8.63%,財政政策8.21%。具體到細分措施,造林補貼主要針對生態(tài)林有最為顯著的效果;而對于商品林,撫育補貼、集體林權(quán)改革、林木資源管制政策的效果更為明顯。(2)對于林業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,林業(yè)公共政策也具有明顯的正向作用,不過各政策貢獻度大小排序與其對生態(tài)效應不同:產(chǎn)權(quán)政策5.14%,財政政策0.83%,管制政策0.16%。細化來說,林地流轉(zhuǎn)、林木采伐指標限額和造林補貼政策是效果最為顯著的前三項。(3)不同省區(qū)由于所處區(qū)位差異、資源稟賦差異、環(huán)境水平和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平高低的差異,各項林業(yè)公共政策在各地區(qū)的貢獻度也不盡相同。對于林業(yè)生態(tài)發(fā)展,產(chǎn)權(quán)政策貢獻度最高的是山東省43.82%,財政政策貢獻度最高的是遼寧省13.63%,管制政策貢獻度最高的是福建省11.66%;而對于林業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,福建省的產(chǎn)權(quán)政策貢獻度最高,達到10.06%,財政政策和管制政策貢獻度最高的均是湖南省,分別為1.8%和0.87%。本文的政策含義是,宜采用因地制宜方針設(shè)計各地區(qū)林業(yè)公共政策的優(yōu)選方案,激發(fā)商品林的生態(tài)功能,培育生態(tài)林的經(jīng)濟功能。深化集體林權(quán)制度改革,實行造林補貼普惠制,增加撫育補貼中用材林的比例,創(chuàng)新采伐管理方式。
[Abstract]:Based on 11 years' tracking and investigation from 2003 to 2013, using data of 1,497 sample farmers in 9 provinces, this paper empirically tests the policy effect of Chinese forestry public policies on the development of forestry ecological economy. The contribution of each policy is calculated. The results show that the public policies in this paper have significant positive contribution to the forestry ecological effects with the area of forest land of individual farmers as the main index. The contribution of the public policies is in turn: property rights policy 35.53, control policy 8.63, fiscal policy 8.21. As far as the specific subdivision measures are concerned, afforestation subsidies have the most significant effect on ecological forests; for commercial forests, tending subsidies, collective forest rights reform, and forest resource control policies, the effect is more obvious. 2) for the coordinated development of forestry ecological economy, Forestry public policy also has obvious positive effect, but the order of contribution degree of each policy is different from its ecological effect: property right policy 5.14, fiscal policy 0.833, control policy 0.16. In detail, forest land circulation, forest cutting index quota and afforestation subsidy policy are the first three items that have the most remarkable effect.) the difference of different provinces and regions is due to the difference of location, resource endowment, environmental level and economic development level. The contribution of forestry public policies in different regions is also different. For forestry ecological development, the contribution of property right policy is the highest in Shandong Province, the financial policy contribution is the highest in Liaoning Province 13.63, the highest contribution is Fujian Province 11.66, and for forestry ecological and economic development, The contribution of property policy in Fujian Province was the highest, reaching 10.060.The contribution of fiscal policy and regulation policy was the highest in Hunan Province, which was 1.8% and 0.87%, respectively. The policy meaning of this paper is that it is appropriate to adopt the policy of adapting measures to local conditions to design the optimal scheme of forestry public policy in various regions, to stimulate the ecological function of commercial forest and to cultivate the economic function of ecological forest. We should deepen the reform of collective forest right system, implement the system of afforesting subsidy, increase the proportion of timber forest in tending subsidy, and innovate the management method of cutting.
【作者單位】： 安徽大學經(jīng)濟學院;國家林業(yè)局經(jīng)濟發(fā)展研究中心;
【基金】：國家社會科學基金項目“促進林業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的公共政策研究”(批準號:12BJY141)
【分類號】：F326.2

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