本文選題：城鎮(zhèn)化 + 失地農(nóng)民��； 參考：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當前,中國正處在全面建成小康社會的關(guān)鍵時期,城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)持續(xù)快速向前,征地拆遷成了不可繞過的必經(jīng)之路,導致失地農(nóng)民越來越多且呈現(xiàn)出急速擴增模式。在征地拆遷安置過程中,多數(shù)地區(qū)和部門把主要精力都放在了發(fā)展經(jīng)濟上,忽視了失地農(nóng)民這個"特殊"群體的切身利益,后續(xù)安置補償政策不完善、執(zhí)行不到位,導致失地農(nóng)民生活水平下降、長遠生計保障問題得不到解決,引起失地農(nóng)民不滿,造成不容忽視的社會問題,嚴重阻礙了新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)和小康社會的全面建成。濟南高新區(qū)東區(qū)(原歷城區(qū)孫村鎮(zhèn))自2005年由歷城區(qū)劃為高新區(qū)代管后,作為高新區(qū)乃至濟南市先進制造業(yè)和信息通訊產(chǎn)業(yè)的集聚地,落地企業(yè)項目逐年增多,當?shù)爻擎?zhèn)化建設(shè)開始快速向前推進。但同時因征地拆遷,失地農(nóng)民數(shù)量逐年增多,暴露出來的失地農(nóng)民問題也越來越突出,直接影響了當?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定,給高新區(qū)乃至濟南市的快速發(fā)展造成了一定阻礙。本文通過發(fā)放調(diào)查問卷、入戶交流、座談交流、向相關(guān)部門領(lǐng)導和同事咨詢等方式,對東區(qū)失地農(nóng)民生存現(xiàn)狀進行了摸底調(diào)查,對失地前后的生活狀態(tài)進行了對比分析,結(jié)合日常工作接觸,分析失地農(nóng)民在安居、樂業(yè)等方面的主要問題,根據(jù)當前政府政策和片區(qū)實際提出易操作的有針對的對策建議。在調(diào)查研究中共發(fā)現(xiàn)了六類主要問題:一是安置片區(qū)發(fā)展"散、慢";二是土地補償呈逐年減少趨勢;三是失地農(nóng)民并未實現(xiàn)"安居";四是大量上訪導致社會穩(wěn)定形勢嚴峻;五是就業(yè)率和薪酬偏低;六是市民自我認同感不高。究其原因:一是片區(qū)發(fā)展缺少前瞻性整體規(guī)劃;二是土地征收補償政策不完善;三是房屋安置政策不健全;四是村務公開缺乏透明度和監(jiān)管;五是失地農(nóng)民自身缺乏勞動素質(zhì)和技能;六是市民化進程緩慢。根據(jù)以上分析,本文提出如下六條建議:一是科學規(guī)劃借勢發(fā)展;二是進一步健全土地征收補償政策;三是積極探索多元化安置模式;四是進一步規(guī)范對村級事務的監(jiān)管;五是雙管齊下促進就業(yè);六是加快推進市民化進程。以上建議和對策的出發(fā)點和落腳點在于解決失地農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活中面臨的主要問題,緩解政府與失地農(nóng)民間的矛盾糾紛,實現(xiàn)失地農(nóng)民安居樂業(yè),保證并逐步提高他們的生活質(zhì)量和水平,保障后期征地拆遷工作順利開展,維護好安置片區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定,為推進濟南高新區(qū)及其他類似區(qū)域的城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展提供參考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in the key period of building a well-to-do society in an all-round way. The construction of urbanization continues to move forward rapidly, land requisition and demolition become the only way that can not be bypassed, leading to more and more land-losing farmers and showing a rapid expansion model. In the process of land expropriation and relocation, most regions and departments have focused their main energies on developing the economy, ignoring the vital interests of the "special" group of land-losing peasants, and the subsequent resettlement and compensation policies are not perfect and the implementation is not in place. It leads to the decline of the living standard of the land-lost farmers, the unsolved long-term livelihood security problem, the dissatisfaction of the land-lost farmers, the social problems that can not be ignored, and the serious obstacles to the construction of new urbanization and the comprehensive construction of the well-off society. Since 2005, the East District of Jinan High-tech Zone (Sun Village Town, formerly Liicheng District) has been designated as the escrow of the High-Tech Zone. As a gathering place for advanced manufacturing and information and communication industries in Jinan, the number of landing enterprise projects has increased year by year. The construction of local urbanization began to move forward rapidly. But at the same time, because of land expropriation and relocation, the number of land-lost farmers has increased year by year, and the problems of land-lost farmers have become more and more prominent, which have directly affected the local economic development and social stability. To the high-tech zone and even the rapid development of Jinan caused certain obstacles. In this paper, by issuing questionnaires, household exchanges, discussion exchanges, consulting the leaders of relevant departments and colleagues, this paper makes a detailed survey on the living conditions of landless peasants in the eastern region, and makes a comparative analysis of the living conditions before and after the loss of land. Combined with daily work contact, this paper analyzes the main problems of landless farmers in the aspects of living and working in peace, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions which are easy to operate according to the current government policies and the actual situation of the areas. In the investigation and study, six main problems have been found: first, the development of the resettlement area is "scattered, slow"; second, the land compensation is decreasing year by year; third, the peasants who have lost land have not "lived in peace"; the fourth, the social stability situation is severe due to a large number of petition. Fifth, the employment rate and salary are on the low side; sixthly, the self-identity of the public is not high. The reasons are as follows: first, lack of forward-looking overall planning for the development of the district; second, imperfect land expropriation and compensation policy; third, inadequate housing rehousing policy; fourth, lack of transparency and supervision of village affairs open; Fifth, the lack of labor quality and skills of landless farmers; sixth, the slow process of urbanization. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward the following six suggestions: first, scientific planning to seize the opportunity to develop; second, further improve the land expropriation compensation policy; third, actively explore a diversified resettlement model; fourth, further standardize the supervision of village affairs; Fifth, two ways to promote employment; sixthly, to speed up the process of citizenship. The starting point of the above suggestions and countermeasures is to solve the main problems faced by land-lost farmers in their production and life, to alleviate the contradictions and disputes between the government and land-lost farmers, and to realize the peasants living and working in peace and contentment. To ensure and gradually improve their quality of life and standard, to ensure the smooth development of land requisition and relocation in the later period, and to maintain the economic development and social stability of the resettlement areas. For the promotion of Jinan high-tech zone and other similar areas of urbanization to provide reference and reference.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.6

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