本文選題：土地利用變化 + 土地利用轉移矩陣��； 參考：《青海師范大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,城市化進程也越來越快,人類對土地資源開發(fā)過程中出現(xiàn)了諸多問題,如何合理利用有限的土地資源實現(xiàn)區(qū)域可持續(xù)發(fā)展是當今學者研究的重大問題。在導師的青海省科學技術廳軟科學基金項目《青海省東部城市群資源環(huán)境承載力研究》(2015-ZJ-602)資助下,本文以青海省“十二五”社會發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要中提出的青海省東部城市群范圍為依據(jù)界定了研究區(qū),借助Arcgis、ENVI、Erdas軟件,對2000年、2005年、2013年三期landsat遙感影像進行監(jiān)督分類,得到青海省東部地區(qū)三期土地利用分類數(shù)據(jù),在此基礎上從土地數(shù)量、利用程度、用地結構和地區(qū)差異等方面分析了研究區(qū)2000-2013年間土地利用變化規(guī)律,并定量和定性相結合分析了引起東部地區(qū)土地利用變化的驅動因素�？偨Y了青海省東部地區(qū)各類土地利用中存在的問題并提出相應對策及建議。本文的主要研究結論有:(1)2000年至2013年青海省東部地區(qū)的主要土地利用類型是草地、林地和耕地。土地利用變化的主要趨勢為:草地、耕地、未利用地的面積出現(xiàn)不同幅度的減少,而建設用地、林地、水域的面積有所增加。2000年至2005年增加幅度最大的是林地,為6.61%。2005年至2013年增加幅度最大的是建設用地,為55.53%�？傮w上看,研究區(qū)土地利用變化幅度和規(guī)模都比較大。(2)青海省東部地區(qū)各種土地利用類型之間的相互轉化情況為:2000年至2013年耕地主要轉為建設用地和林地。未利用地主要轉變?yōu)榱值睾透�。建設用地的轉入面積最大,為25878.22 hm2。耕地的轉出面積為107263.96 hm2,反映出建設用地的擴展擠占了耕地。青海省東部地區(qū)土地利用綜合指數(shù)持續(xù)上升,由2000年的195.54上升到2013年的222.70,增加了27.16。土地利用程度變化率分別為0.0017和0.136,都大于0,土地利用程度處于中等水平。說明青海省東部地區(qū)土地利用正處于發(fā)展期,未利用地還具有一定的開發(fā)潛力。(3)由于青海省東部地區(qū)位于湟水谷地,地形、地貌以及水資源成為該區(qū)域擴張的基礎性限制因素。人口的增長和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展成為該地區(qū)發(fā)展的內在動力,政策和制度的引導控制著該地區(qū)發(fā)展的方向和各土地利用類型結構組合。進一步運用主成分分析模型進行定量分析,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展水平和社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平是導致青海省東部地區(qū)土地利用變化的驅動因素。(4)青海省東部地區(qū)土地可持續(xù)利用過程中,主要存在建設用地供需矛盾突出、耕地后備資源不足等問題�？梢酝ㄟ^編制科學合理的用地規(guī)劃和發(fā)展規(guī)劃、調整土地利用結構、規(guī)劃產(chǎn)業(yè)布局等措施,解決上述問題。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy, the process of urbanization is getting faster and faster. There are many problems in the development of land resources. How to make use of limited land resources to realize regional sustainable development is an important problem that scholars study today. Supported by the tutor's soft Science Foundation Project of the Department of Science and Technology of Qinghai Province "Research on the carrying capacity of Resources and Environment of Urban agglomeration in Eastern Qinghai Province" (2015-ZJ-602), Based on the scope of urban agglomeration in eastern Qinghai Province proposed in the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Social Development of Qinghai Province, this paper defines the study area. With the help of the software Arcgis-ENVII-Erdas, this paper carries out the monitoring and classification of three landsat remote sensing images in 2000, 2005 and 2013. The land use classification data of three periods in the eastern part of Qinghai Province were obtained. Based on the data, the changes of land use between 2000 and 2013 were analyzed from the aspects of land quantity, utilization degree, land use structure and regional differences. The driving factors of land use change in eastern China are analyzed by combining quantitative and qualitative analysis. The problems existing in land use in eastern Qinghai province are summarized and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. From 2000 to 2013, the main types of land use in the eastern part of Qinghai Province are grassland, woodland and cultivated land. The main trends of land use change are as follows: the area of grassland, cultivated land and unused land has decreased by different extent, while the area of construction land, forest land and water area has increased. The largest increase is in forest land from 2000 to 2005. The biggest increase between 2005 and 2013 was for construction land, which was 55.53. On the whole, the extent and scale of land use change in the study area are relatively large. 2) in the eastern part of Qinghai Province, the conversion of various land use types is as follows: from 2000 to 2013, the cultivated land is mainly converted into construction land and forest land. Unused land is mainly converted to woodland and cultivated land. Construction land turned into the largest area, 25878.22 hm2. The conversion area of cultivated land is 107263.96 hm ~ 2, which shows that the expansion of construction land overruns the cultivated land. The composite index of land use in eastern Qinghai province continued to rise from 195.54 in 2000 to 222. 70 in 2013, an increase of 27. 16. The change rates of land use degree were 0.0017 and 0.136, respectively, which were above 0, and the land use degree was in the middle level. The results show that the land use in the eastern part of Qinghai Province is in the developing period, and the unused land has a certain development potential.) because the eastern part of Qinghai Province is located in the Huangshui valley, the topography, geomorphology and water resources are the basic limiting factors for the expansion of the region. Population growth and economic development become the internal driving force of the development of the region. The guidance of policy and system controls the development direction of the region and the structure combination of various land use types. Further quantitative analysis with principal component analysis model shows that the development level of urbanization and the level of social economic development are the driving factors of land use change in the eastern part of Qinghai Province. The main problems are the contradiction between supply and demand of construction land and the shortage of cultivated land reserve resources. These problems can be solved by making scientific and reasonable land use planning and development planning, adjusting the land use structure, and planning the industrial layout.
【學位授予單位】：青海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F301.2

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