本文選題：節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè) + 工程建設(shè)　； 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,皮山縣全面深化水權(quán)制度改革,著力推廣高效節(jié)水技術(shù),提高灌溉效益,初步形成了從輸水到灌水、從工程到管理、從微觀到宏觀的立體化、多樣化、系統(tǒng)化農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水格局。但是,在發(fā)展高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)的同時,皮山縣還面臨著農(nóng)業(yè)用水管理不善、農(nóng)戶參與積極性不高等制約因素,嚴(yán)重制約了高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展。因此,對皮山縣高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)行研究,對于解決皮山縣水資源短缺、降低農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本,發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)具有重要意義。在此背景下,本研究以皮山縣為研究對象,通過問卷調(diào)查、實地調(diào)研、案例分析等方法,對皮山縣節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)工程建設(shè)問題進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,在國家政策支持下,皮山縣發(fā)展高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)工程7.18hm2,起到了較好的示范作用。但是,在高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展過程中,存在灌溉工程設(shè)計水平低、技術(shù)指導(dǎo)及培訓(xùn)欠缺、高效節(jié)水工程后期維護(hù)不到位等問題。從宏觀角度講,制約高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)的宏觀因素是節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)工程建設(shè)動力不足、金融制約節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水資金投入不足;從微觀角度講,農(nóng)戶參與農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水的意愿受到農(nóng)戶年齡、文化程度、農(nóng)業(yè)收入比重、是否為合作組織成員、家庭種植面積、耕地破碎程度、政府補(bǔ)貼、是否有專業(yè)技術(shù)人員指導(dǎo)、節(jié)水能否提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、對水資源的關(guān)注程度、節(jié)水灌溉投資是否存在風(fēng)險、是否進(jìn)行過節(jié)水培訓(xùn)等因素的影響,而是否村干部對農(nóng)戶節(jié)水采納意愿沒有顯著影響。分析了國外節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)工程建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗,從法律法規(guī)、技術(shù)開發(fā)、投融資等方面獲得了啟示。針對皮山縣高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)存在問題和影響因素,借鑒國外經(jīng)驗,提出了皮山縣高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)工程建設(shè)對策:加大高效節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)的宣傳力度;加強(qiáng)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)和技術(shù)培訓(xùn);提高節(jié)水灌溉工程的設(shè)計水平;加強(qiáng)節(jié)水工程的建設(shè)和管護(hù);促進(jìn)土地利用方式和農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變;政府加大對節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)的扶持力度;提高農(nóng)業(yè)的組織化程度;構(gòu)建金融支持節(jié)水灌溉工程建設(shè)的長效機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Pishan County has comprehensively deepened the reform of the water rights system, focused on popularizing efficient water-saving techniques and improving irrigation benefits, and initially formed a three-dimensional and diversified approach from water transportation to irrigation, from engineering to management, from micro to macro. Systematic agricultural water saving pattern. However, in the development of efficient water-saving agriculture, Pishan County is also faced with poor management of agricultural water use and low participation enthusiasm of farmers, which seriously restricts the development of high-efficiency water-saving agriculture. Therefore, the study of efficient water-saving agriculture in Pishan County is of great significance in solving the shortage of water resources, reducing the cost of agricultural production and developing modern agriculture. Under this background, this research takes Pishan county as the research object, through questionnaire investigation, field investigation, case analysis and so on, has carried on the research to the Pishan county water-saving agricultural engineering construction question. The results show that, with the support of national policy, the development of high efficiency water-saving agricultural project 7.18hm2in Pishan County has played a good role in demonstration. However, in the development of efficient water-saving agriculture, there are some problems, such as low design level of irrigation engineering, lack of technical guidance and training, and inadequate maintenance of high-efficiency water-saving project in the later stage. From a macro point of view, the macro factors restricting efficient water-saving agriculture are insufficient power for construction of water-saving agricultural projects, financial constraints for the development of water-saving agriculture, and insufficient investment in agricultural water-saving funds. Farmers' willingness to participate in agricultural water saving is influenced by their age, education level, proportion of agricultural income, whether they are members of cooperative organizations, family planting area, degree of fragmentation of cultivated land, government subsidies, and whether there are professional and technical personnel to guide them. Whether water saving can improve economic benefits, pay attention to water resources, whether there are risks in water saving irrigation investment, whether water saving training has been carried out or not, and whether village cadres have no significant influence on farmers' willingness to adopt water saving. The experience of water saving agricultural construction abroad is analyzed, and the enlightenment is obtained from the aspects of laws and regulations, technology development, investment and financing, etc. According to the existing problems and influencing factors in the construction of efficient water-saving agriculture in Pishan County, the countermeasures of construction of high-efficiency water-saving agricultural engineering in Pishan County are put forward by referring to the experience of foreign countries: strengthening the propaganda of high-efficiency water-saving agriculture, strengthening technical guidance and technical training; To improve the design level of water-saving irrigation projects; to strengthen the construction and management of water-saving projects; to promote the transformation of land use and agricultural economic development; to increase government support for water-saving agriculture; to improve the degree of agricultural organization; Build the long-term mechanism that finance supports water-saving irrigation project construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.213;S27

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