本文選題：土地利用變化 + 稻田轉(zhuǎn)菜地��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：土地利用方式轉(zhuǎn)變是人類活動與自然條件變化的綜合結(jié)果,其中人類活動的影響更為重要。本文首先通過ArcGIS提取土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖研究江西省1989年到2000年稻田和旱地的變化情況,結(jié)合室內(nèi)培養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn),了解稻田轉(zhuǎn)旱地后土壤理化性質(zhì)的變化。再通過統(tǒng)計(jì)資料分析江西省1989年到2013年稻田和菜地的變化情況,結(jié)合實(shí)地踏查和調(diào)研,明確稻田轉(zhuǎn)菜地情況,再結(jié)合田間實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),定量分析區(qū)域稻田轉(zhuǎn)成菜地對溫室氣體排放的影響。主要研究結(jié)果如下：1989年至2013年間,江西省土地利用方式變化很大。通過GIS提取1989-2000年的土地類型面積,發(fā)現(xiàn)旱地主要分布在江西省北部,主要包括九江市、宜春市、萍鄉(xiāng)市、南昌市、上饒市、鷹潭市和吉安市,而江西省中部和南部旱地分布較少。水田廣泛分布在江西省中部以南的贛州市和撫州市。統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒數(shù)據(jù)顯示,1989年-2003年,稻田減少229.62萬hm~2,菜地增加17.67萬hm~2；2003年-2013年,稻田增加65.27萬hm~2,菜地增加1.54萬hm~2。各市區(qū)年平均菜地種植面積大小依次為：贛州市吉安市宜春市撫州市上饒市九江市南昌市景德鎮(zhèn)市萍鄉(xiāng)市新余市鷹潭市。只有吉安市菜地面積逐年增加。土地利用轉(zhuǎn)化一年后,稻田和菜地CH4的排放量分別為269.04kg C hm~(-2)和-0.58 kgC hm~(-2)。說明稻田轉(zhuǎn)菜地后CH_4的排放量大幅降低,且土壤由甲烷的源變化了匯。N_2O變化趨勢與CH_4相反,菜地的N_2O排放量是13.2 kg N hm~(-2),遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于稻田N_2O的2.24 kgN hm~(-2)。稻田土壤一年累計(jì)排出CH_4和N_2O的的增溫潛勢是8106.56kg C hm~(-2),而菜地土壤是3380.96 kg C hm~(-2)。1989年-2013年,菜地共增加了19.21萬hm~2。因此,估算出1989年-2013年江西省稻田轉(zhuǎn)菜地的土壤CH_4和N_2O的增溫潛勢是64.95萬噸C,減少了139.77%。稻田轉(zhuǎn)菜地后,溫室效應(yīng)呈降低趨勢。
[Abstract]:The change of land use mode is the comprehensive result of the change of human activities and natural conditions, among which the influence of human activities is more important. In this paper, the changes of paddy fields and drylands in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2000 were studied by ArcGIS, and the changes of soil physical and chemical properties after the transformation of paddy fields to drylands were studied. Through the statistical analysis of the changes of paddy fields and vegetable fields in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2013, combined with field investigation and investigation, the situation of paddy fields to vegetable fields was clarified, and the field experiment data were combined. Quantitative analysis of the effects of turning rice fields into vegetable fields on greenhouse gas emissions. The main results are as follows: from 1989 to 2013, land use patterns in Jiangxi Province changed greatly. The area of land types from 1989 to 2000 was extracted by GIS. It was found that dry land was mainly distributed in the north of Jiangxi Province, including Jiujiang City, Yichun City, Pingxiang City, Nanchang City, Shangrao City, Yingtan City and Ji'an City. The distribution of dryland in the middle and south of Jiangxi Province is less. Paddy fields are widely distributed in Ganzhou and Fuzhou, south of central Jiangxi Province. The statistical data of the yearbook show that the rice field decreased by 2.2962 million hmc2and the vegetable field increased by 176700 hmc2from 1989 to 2003, and from 2003 to 2013, the rice field increased by 652700 hmmc2and the vegetable field increased by 15400 hmmc2respectively. The average planting area of vegetable fields in each urban area is in turn: Yingtan City, Xinyu City, Xinyu City, Pingxiang City, Pingxiang City, Jingde Zhen City, Jingde Zhen City, Nanchang City, Fuzhou City, Shangrao City, Fuzhou City, Shangrao City, Fuzhou City, Yichun City, Fuzhou City. Only the vegetable land area of Ji'an City increases year by year. After one year of land use conversion, the CH4 emissions from paddy field and vegetable field were 269.04kg C hmc-2) and -0.58 kgC hmc-2, respectively. The results showed that the emission of CH_4 decreased significantly after the transformation of paddy field to vegetable field, and the trend of soil change from methane source to sink 路N2O was opposite to that of CH_4. The N2O emission from vegetable field was 13.2 kg N hmmm-1 ~ 2 ~ (2 +), which was much higher than that of N _ 2O from paddy field to N _ 2O (2.24 kgN 路m ~ (-2) ~ (-1). The temperature increasing potential of cumulative CH_4 and N2O emission from paddy soil is 8106.56kg C hmmA-1 ~ (-2), while that of vegetable soil is 3380.96 kg / year. From 1989 to 2013, the total increase of vegetable field is 192100 h ~ (2) 路m ~ (-2) 路L ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). Therefore, the temperature increasing potential of soil CH_4 and N2O of paddy field to vegetable field in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2013 is estimated to be 649500 tons C, which decreases 139.77%. The Greenhouse Effect decreased after the rice field was transferred to vegetable field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X71;F301.2

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本文編號：1829492