本文選題：生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線 + 土地利用安全格局��； 參考：《江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：土地是生態(tài)文明發(fā)展的空間載體,土地利用安全是區(qū)域社會經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展的重要保障。人類從工業(yè)社會以來,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、人口增長、城市擴張,最開始的土地利用安全格局發(fā)生了翻天覆地的改變,水土流失、土地沙化、草場退化以及地區(qū)土壤重金屬污染等土地利用安全問題凸顯。人類利用土地資源的不正確方式以及社會經(jīng)濟(jì)活動的無節(jié)制,使得自然生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)受到了脅迫,一些維護(hù)區(qū)域生態(tài)安全的重點區(qū)域被建設(shè)用地和農(nóng)業(yè)用地侵占,生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線就在此大背景下應(yīng)運而生。關(guān)注區(qū)域尺度下的土地利用安全問題,對區(qū)域內(nèi)的土地利用安全問題進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)分析和調(diào)控治理,是實現(xiàn)區(qū)域土地資源恒久發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)�？茖W(xué)地辨識出所要研究區(qū)域生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線空間范圍,進(jìn)而進(jìn)行研究區(qū)土地利用安全格局情景模擬分析,明確當(dāng)前區(qū)域存在的土地利用安全問題和紅線分布規(guī)律和特點,并對特定研究區(qū)的自然生態(tài)環(huán)境狀況和存在的土地利用安全問題實施全面系統(tǒng)分析和梳理,從而提出有效恰當(dāng)?shù)耐恋刭Y源利用的建議和措施,實現(xiàn)區(qū)域自然、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)三者間的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。本文以我國重要的生態(tài)功能保護(hù)區(qū)鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)為研究區(qū)域,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的相關(guān)實踐經(jīng)驗和研究成果,在RS和GIS等相關(guān)空間信息技術(shù)的輔助支持下,通過生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能重要性評價和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)敏感性評價方法,因地制宜的選取相應(yīng)地生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線評價指標(biāo),辨識了生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線空間范圍,并在辨識的基礎(chǔ)上,基于CA-Markov模型模擬了三種不同發(fā)展情景下2020年鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)土地利用安全格局,得到如下結(jié)論。(1)本文通過辨識生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線空間范圍,并將其劃分為底線型紅線區(qū)、緩沖型紅線區(qū)和理想型紅線區(qū)三類。結(jié)果表明生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線區(qū)面積為27751.25 km2,占研究區(qū)總面積的52.55%,其中三類紅線區(qū)面積分別為17125.31km2、4431.19km2和6194.75km2,占比分別為32.43%、8.39%和11.73%。這些地區(qū)都是維護(hù)區(qū)域生態(tài)安全和健康的重點保護(hù)區(qū)域。同時,在生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線區(qū)內(nèi),耕地、林地、水域是其主要的土地利用類型,而草地和未利用地幾乎沒有,未來應(yīng)特別注意鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、人口增加、城鎮(zhèn)擴張導(dǎo)致占用大量耕地、林地、水域等情況。(2)本文設(shè)置底線紅線型、緩沖紅線型、理想紅線型等三種不同的發(fā)展情景,不同發(fā)展情景下土地利用安全格局存在差異性。三種不同發(fā)展情景下,城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)用地占用其他用地的現(xiàn)象逐漸降低,在生態(tài)用地保護(hù)數(shù)量方面,理想紅線型情景緩沖紅線型情景底線紅線型情景。同時,設(shè)置的三種不同發(fā)展情景下的土地利用情況均符合土地利用總體規(guī)劃劃定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),不僅滿足區(qū)域糧食安全、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、生態(tài)優(yōu)先等對土地的需求,也滿足了在具有重要生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)功能價值和生態(tài)敏感性區(qū)域的生態(tài)安全的要求。(3)從不同發(fā)展情景下鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)2020年土地利用安全格局中耕地、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)用地等占用生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線用地的情況來看,現(xiàn)狀用地?fù)p失量底線紅線型情景用地?fù)p失量緩沖紅線型情景用地?fù)p失量理想紅線型情景用地?fù)p失量。(4)綜合不同發(fā)展情景下生態(tài)用地面積總量,生態(tài)保護(hù)紅線用地?fù)p失量以及空間發(fā)展形態(tài)等三方面因素,三種發(fā)展情景都滿足區(qū)域糧食安全、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、生態(tài)優(yōu)先等對土地的需求和消耗。不同發(fā)展情景下土地利用安全格局優(yōu)劣排序為理想紅線型情景緩沖紅線型情景底線紅線型情景。在未來土地利用管理過程中,鄱陽湖生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)應(yīng)優(yōu)先推行退耕還林還草還湖工程,重點保護(hù)生態(tài)紅線區(qū)域的生態(tài)安全與生態(tài)健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Land is the space carrier for the development of ecological civilization. Land use security is an important guarantee for the sustainable and healthy development of regional social economy. Since the industrial society, human beings, economic development, population growth, urban expansion, and the beginning of the land use security pattern have undergone earthshaking changes, soil erosion, land desertification, grassland degradation and land. The problem of land use safety, such as heavy metal pollution in the area, has been highlighted. The inaccurate way of using land resources and the unrestrained social and economic activities make the natural ecological environment system under coercion. Some key areas to maintain the ecological security of the region are occupied by the construction land and agricultural land, and the red line of ecological protection is in this big back. The land use security problem under regional scale is concerned, and the coordination analysis and control of land use safety in the region is the basis of the sustainable development of regional land resources. It is scientifically identified that the area of regional ecological protection red line space should be studied, and then the land use safety grid of the research area is carried out. On the basis of the situation simulation analysis, the current regional land use safety problems and the red line distribution laws and characteristics are clearly defined, and the natural ecological environment conditions and the existing land use safety problems in the specific research areas are systematically analyzed and combed, and the effective and appropriate suggestions and measures for the use of land resources are put forward to realize the region. In this paper, the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, an important ecological function protected area of China, is the research area, which combines the relevant practical experience and research results of scholars at home and abroad, with the support of RS and GIS and other related spatial information technology, and through the importance evaluation and ecology of ecosystem service function. The system sensitivity evaluation method, according to local conditions to select the corresponding ecological protection red line evaluation index, identified the ecological protection red line space range, and based on the identification, based on the CA-Markov model simulation of the three different development scenarios in 2020 Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone land use security pattern, get the following conclusions. (1) this paper The ecological protection red line space is identified and divided into three categories: the bottom line red line area, the buffer red line area and the ideal red line area. The results show that the area of the ecological protection red line area is 27751.25 km2, accounting for 52.55% of the total area of the study area, of which the area of the three red line areas is 17125.31km24431.19km2 and 6194.75km2, respectively, and the proportion is 32., respectively. 43%, 8.39% and 11.73%. are the key protection areas for maintaining regional ecological safety and health. At the same time, in the red line area of ecological protection, cultivated land, woodland and water are the main types of land use, while grassland and unused land are almost not. In the future, special attention should be paid to the economic development of Poyang Lake eco economic zone, population increase, and urban expansion. Zhang led to a large number of cultivated land, woodland, water and other conditions. (2) this article set the bottom line red line, the red line type, the ideal red line, and other three different development scenarios, under different development scenarios, the land use security pattern is different. Under the three different development scenarios, the urban and rural construction land occupying other land use phenomenon gradually reduced, in the birth of the situation. At the same time, the land use conditions under the three different development scenarios are consistent with the standard of the overall land use planning, which not only meet the needs of regional food security, agricultural development, economic development, ecological priority and so on, as well. It meets the requirements of ecological security with important ecosystem service function value and ecological sensitivity area. (3) from the situation of land use security pattern of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in 2020, urban and rural construction land occupied ecological protection red line land in the situation of land use in 2020, the bottom line of land loss is the bottom line red line type The scenario land loss amount buffered the red line scenario for the loss of the ideal red line scenario. (4) the total amount of ecological land area under different development scenarios, the amount of land loss for ecological protection red line and the spatial development form, and the three development scenarios meet the regional grain security, agricultural development and economic development. In the process of land use management, in the process of land use management, the Poyang Lake eco economic zone should give priority to the implementation of returning farmland to forest, grass and lake project, focusing on the protection of the ecological red line. Ecological security and ecological health development in the region.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X24;F301.2

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