發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-11 02:38

  本文選題：山東菏澤 + 棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)�。� 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：同山東省其他的傳統(tǒng)植棉地區(qū)一樣,菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)近些年來也面臨著種植規(guī)模遞減、生產(chǎn)加工能力變?nèi)醯那闆r。本文立足于菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,通過研究現(xiàn)今菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)在發(fā)展過程中所面臨的困境和問題,總結(jié)出這些困境的表現(xiàn)及形成原因,為今后菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展制定出科學(xué)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。這對(duì)于菏澤市轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)的棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展方式,選擇合理的發(fā)展道路,促進(jìn)菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)健康有序發(fā)展具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的視角為著手點(diǎn),系統(tǒng)分析了菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)中良種繁育環(huán)節(jié)、種植環(huán)節(jié)、收購(gòu)初加工環(huán)節(jié)以及各環(huán)節(jié)相互之間的聯(lián)系方面在發(fā)展過程中所面臨的困境,揭示出它們各自所存在的問題。同時(shí)也通過構(gòu)建解釋結(jié)構(gòu)模型分析了形成菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展困境的各因素間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系與層次結(jié)構(gòu),明確了相互間的邏輯關(guān)系,分清主次。從研究中可以發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈對(duì)比其他農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條來說要長(zhǎng),所涉及的生產(chǎn)和加工部門較多,關(guān)聯(lián)度大。但是各部門之間并沒有形成利益和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的統(tǒng)一體,使得相互間的影響也較大,導(dǎo)致其中一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)問題也會(huì)波及到另一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。(2)在良種繁育環(huán)節(jié)中所出現(xiàn)的問題是棉種企業(yè)在棉種的繁育和生產(chǎn)過程中只重視經(jīng)濟(jì)效益而忽視了對(duì)棉種的繁育要求和質(zhì)量管控,同時(shí)監(jiān)管和引導(dǎo)的缺失使得菏澤目前棉籽市場(chǎng)上的棉花品種多、亂、雜,優(yōu)良種子少,棉農(nóng)在選擇棉種上具有盲目性和隨意性,致使生產(chǎn)出的棉花質(zhì)量參差不齊。(3)在種植環(huán)節(jié)中的問題是當(dāng)前菏澤棉花的生產(chǎn)成本持續(xù)上升,但是比較效益卻沒有種植其他農(nóng)作物好,所以引起棉農(nóng)植棉的意愿降低,而選擇了改種其他農(nóng)作物。同時(shí)種植規(guī)模的分散和機(jī)械化應(yīng)用程度的低下也制約著菏澤棉花的產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展道路。(4)在收購(gòu)初加工環(huán)節(jié)中,承擔(dān)著棉花主要加工功能的軋花廠還有一些油棉廠由于喪失了原料資源原因等都出現(xiàn)了開工不足、盈利減少甚至停產(chǎn)倒閉的現(xiàn)象。還有就是菏澤棉花副產(chǎn)品的綜合利用程度低,棉花身上可待繼續(xù)加工創(chuàng)造效益的部分都被白白浪費(fèi)掉了。(5)在構(gòu)建的菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展困境的解釋結(jié)構(gòu)模型中,得到了以下結(jié)果。機(jī)械化和集約化的程度低、政府對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)的扶持力度弱、市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管的缺失是形成菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)困境的最重要的根源原因;植棉規(guī)模的減少、棉加工企業(yè)開工不足、盈利減少、倒閉增加等因素是菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展困境最直接的表現(xiàn);而品種多亂雜、生產(chǎn)成本高、比較效益低、植棉費(fèi)工費(fèi)時(shí)、改種其他農(nóng)作物、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施落后、綜合利用程度低、行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)無序是其主要的中層影響因素。根據(jù)上述研究結(jié)果本文提出了以下幾點(diǎn)解決對(duì)策和建議。第一點(diǎn)是維護(hù)棉種的市場(chǎng)秩序,加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管,嚴(yán)抓棉種的質(zhì)量,改善行業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的現(xiàn)狀;繼續(xù)做好優(yōu)良棉花品種的選育工作,加大財(cái)政對(duì)其的支持。第二點(diǎn)是為降低棉花的生產(chǎn)成本、提升植棉的效益要推行輕簡(jiǎn)化生產(chǎn)和棉花與多種農(nóng)作物間套種的栽培技術(shù),加大對(duì)機(jī)械設(shè)備的投入,完善菏澤棉區(qū)土地經(jīng)營(yíng)流轉(zhuǎn),支持棉花合作社的發(fā)展,促使菏澤棉花生產(chǎn)向著集約化、規(guī)模化的方向邁進(jìn)。第三點(diǎn)為了加強(qiáng)加工企業(yè)對(duì)原料的控制、減輕對(duì)棉農(nóng)和收購(gòu)商的依賴、保證原料質(zhì)量,軋花廠可以探索新型的發(fā)展模式,引入對(duì)棉花的種植,拿出一部分資金自己承包土地,雇傭農(nóng)民來進(jìn)行管理;引導(dǎo)建立多種類型的棉副產(chǎn)品加工廠,延長(zhǎng)棉副產(chǎn)品的加工深度,增加棉花生產(chǎn)的效益。第四點(diǎn)是加強(qiáng)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各環(huán)節(jié)的聯(lián)系,以使產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各環(huán)節(jié)協(xié)同發(fā)展來促進(jìn)菏澤棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。第五點(diǎn)是強(qiáng)化政府對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)的扶持政策,明確菏澤各級(jí)政府及有關(guān)部門在棉花科技推廣體系發(fā)展中所起的作用,加大對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)的補(bǔ)貼力度。
[Abstract]:As with other traditional cotton planting area of Shandong Province, Heze cotton industry in recent years are also facing growing scale decline, production capacity is weak. The development based on the status quo of Heze cotton industry, difficulties and problems through the study of present Heze cotton industry in the development process faced, summed up the plight of the performance and causes, countermeasures for future scientific development of Heze cotton industry development. The transformation of the mode of the traditional cotton industry development for the city of Heze, choose a reasonable development path, promoting has important practical significance to the healthy and orderly development of Heze cotton industry. The cotton industry chain perspective as a starting point, analyzed the breeding process Heze, the cotton industry cultivation, in the development process faces difficulties early contact the acquisition processing link and the link between Exit, to reveal their respective problems. At the same time through the analysis of the construction of the relationship and structure of various factors in the formation of Heze cotton industry development dilemma between the structural model, the logical relationship between each other, to distinguish between primary and secondary. From the research we find that: (1) the cotton industry chain compared to other crops the industrial chain is long, involved in the production and processing of many departments, related degree. But there is no unified form of benefits and risks between the various departments, the mutual influence is large, resulting in a part of the problem will be spread to another link. (2) appeared in thoroughbred part of the problem is the breeding of cotton enterprises in breeding and production process of cotton seeds only attach importance to economic benefits and ignore the requirements of cotton seed breeding and quality control at the same time, the lack of supervision and guidance makes Heze at present On the market many varieties of cotton seed, chaos, miscellaneous, good seed, cotton has blindness and randomness in the choice of cotton, resulting in uneven quality of cotton produced. (3) in the growing problems in the current Heze cotton production costs continue to rise, but the benefit is not the cultivation of other crops well, it caused the cotton farmers will reduce, and the choice to switch to other crops. At the same time, the scale of planting mechanization application of dispersion and low degree of industrialization also restricts the development of Heze cotton. (4) in the initial acquisition and processing aspects, bear the main processing function of cotton ginning factories and some cotton oil factory due to the loss of the raw material resources reasons appear inadequate and less profitable or even stop the collapse phenomenon. There is a degree of comprehensive utilization of Heze cotton by-products, cotton body can continue to be The processing to create effective parts are wasted. (5) explain the structure model in the construction of Heze cotton industry development dilemma, the following results were obtained. The mechanization and intensive low level of government support for the cotton industry is weak, the lack of market regulation for the formation of Heze cotton industry dilemma the most important root cause; reduce the scale of cotton, cotton processing enterprises underemployment, reduce profits, increase collapse factors such as the development of Heze cotton industry dilemma the most direct; and chaotic hybrid varieties, high production cost, low efficiency, time-consuming cotton, replant other crops, poor infrastructure, low level of comprehensive utilization and the factors influencing the disorderly competition in the industry is mainly middle. According to the above research results this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions. The first is to maintain the market order of cotton, strengthen supervision, Strict quality of cotton, improving the status of industry selection; continue to do the work of fine cotton varieties, increase financial support for the. Second is to reduce the cost of cotton production, cotton benefit to enhance the implementation of simplified production and a variety of crops and cotton intercropping cultivation techniques for the increase of mechanical equipment the investment in Heze, improve land management transfer, support the development of cotton cooperatives, promote Heze cotton production to intensive, towards the direction of scale. Third in order to strengthen the control of raw material processing enterprises, reduce dependence on farmers and buyers, to ensure the quality of raw materials, cotton ginning factory can explore new development model, the introduction of on the cultivation of cotton, a portion of funds in their contracted land management, employment of farmers; to guide the establishment of various types of cotton by-products processing plant, processing by-product of cotton extension The depth, increase cotton production efficiency. The fourth is to strengthen all aspects of the cotton industry chain links, so that all sectors of the industry chain development to promote the development of cotton industry in Heze. The fifth is supporting policies for the cotton industry to strengthen the government, Heze government and relevant departments at all levels in the development of science and technology promotion system in cotton the role of the cotton industry to increase subsidies.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F326.12

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