本文選題：西雙版納　切入點(diǎn)：天然橡膠　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)是西雙版納經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。在西雙版納,天然橡膠帶動(dòng)了生產(chǎn)、加工、運(yùn)輸、服務(wù)等一系列相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,形成了一整條產(chǎn)業(yè)價(jià)值鏈。隨著近年來西雙版納天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)市場化、因膠價(jià)暴跌所引起的膠農(nóng)棄膠和膠廠停產(chǎn)、農(nóng)墾系統(tǒng)改革、生態(tài)環(huán)境的急劇變化等種種事件的發(fā)生,行業(yè)內(nèi)的利益分配也開始不斷調(diào)整。本文運(yùn)用價(jià)值鏈和獲益能力兩個(gè)理論,旨在描述西雙版納天然橡膠產(chǎn)業(yè)中利益分配的現(xiàn)狀,并從價(jià)值鏈中經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的獲益能力角度分析形成上述現(xiàn)狀的原因,具體的研究結(jié)論如下： 第一,西雙版納天然橡膠價(jià)值鏈中主要存在八條分鏈條。膠樹開割以前,存在四類價(jià)值鏈,主要描述的是膠農(nóng)對膠苗來源和膠苗、膠樹去向的選擇；膠樹開割以后,存在三類價(jià)值鏈,主要描述的是膠農(nóng)從收集膠乳到制膠廠加工過程中的不同途徑；另外還包括一條制膠廠以后的價(jià)值鏈。 第二,通過比較分析西雙版納天然橡膠價(jià)值鏈中膠農(nóng)、中間商、制膠廠的獲益情況,發(fā)現(xiàn)：一方面,三大經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的利益分配有明顯不同：膠農(nóng)最少,中間商其次,制膠廠最多；另一方面,膠農(nóng)、中間商、制膠廠整體上的利潤率都不高。 第三,對于膠農(nóng)來說,土地、地理位置、勞動(dòng)力成本是影響其獲益更為重要的三個(gè)因素但卻很難改變,而改善農(nóng)民組織化程度、植膠技術(shù)這兩項(xiàng)獲益能力更具可行性；對中間商來說,地理位置和資金是影響其獲益最重要的因素,相比之下“流動(dòng)中間商”與一般中間商又有所區(qū)別；對制膠廠來說,壟斷地位是國有制膠廠獲益最核心的獲益能力,資金是所有制膠廠最重要的獲益能力,科技創(chuàng)新是民營制膠廠獲益的關(guān)鍵突破口,而企業(yè)管理能力、企業(yè)家才能等一些人為要素也是制膠廠重要的獲益能力,在一定程度上影響制膠廠獲益。
[Abstract]:Natural rubber industry is one of the pillar industries of Xishuangbanna economic development.In Xishuangbanna, natural rubber drives the development of a series of related industries, such as production, processing, transportation and service, and forms an entire industrial value chain.With the marketization of the natural rubber industry in Xishuangbanna in recent years, the abandonment of rubber by rubber farmers and the closure of rubber factories, the reform of the farming system, and the sharp changes in the ecological environment caused by the collapse in rubber prices have occurred.The distribution of benefits within the industry also began to adjust.Based on the theory of value chain and benefit ability, this paper aims to describe the present situation of interest distribution in Xishuangbanna natural rubber industry, and analyze the reasons for the above situation from the angle of the benefit ability of the economic main body in the value chain.The specific findings of the study are as follows:First, Xishuangbanna natural rubber value chain exists mainly in eight sub-chains.Before the gum tree is cut, there are four kinds of value chain, mainly describing the rubber farmers' choice of the rubber seedling source, the rubber seedling, the rubber tree direction, and the three kinds of value chain after the rubber tree is cut.This paper mainly describes the different ways from the collection of latex to the processing process of the rubber factory, and the value chain after a rubber factory.Second, through comparative analysis of the benefits of rubber farmers, middlemen and rubber factories in the natural rubber value chain of Xishuangbanna, it is found that, on the one hand, the benefit distribution of the three major economic entities is obviously different: the rubber farmers are the least, and the middlemen are the second.The largest number of rubber mills; on the other hand, rubber farmers, middlemen, rubber mills overall profit margins are not high.Third, for rubber farmers, land, geographical location, labor costs are more important factors affecting their benefits, but it is difficult to change, and improve farmers' organizational degree, planting rubber technology these two benefit ability is more feasible;For middlemen, geographical location and capital are the most important factors affecting their benefits, while "mobile middlemen" are different from middlemen in general; for rubber factories,Monopoly position is the most important benefit ability of state-owned rubber factory, capital is the most important benefit ability of ownership rubber factory, science and technology innovation is the key breakthrough of private rubber factory, and enterprise management ability,Some human factors such as entrepreneur's ability are also the important benefit ability of the rubber factory, which influence the profit of the rubber factory to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F326.12

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