本文選題：土地利用/土地覆被變化(LUCC)　切入點：生態(tài)服務(wù)價值　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)理論為指導(dǎo),以土地利用/土地覆被、人地協(xié)調(diào)理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展為基礎(chǔ)理論,選用了內(nèi)蒙古準格爾旗2000、2005、2010年和2013年的遙感數(shù)據(jù)進行空間處理,以人機對話方式提取四個時段土地利用變化的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。利用GIS的空間分析功能,生成了各種專題圖,并選用空間分析、信息熵、主成分分析、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值等模型,分析了研究區(qū)土地利用動態(tài)時空變化規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合野外考察和氣象氣候、社會經(jīng)濟統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù),借助SPSS統(tǒng)計軟件,對土地利用變化的驅(qū)動因素及生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng)等進行了系統(tǒng)地綜合研究。研究結(jié)論如下：(1)2000-2013年間準格爾旗土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)沒有發(fā)生大的變化,草地、林地、耕地一直是三大主要用地類型,其他用地面積比例均最小。其中,林地面積和建設(shè)用地面積呈顯著增加趨勢,耕地、沙地、草地、水域和其他用地均呈逐漸減少趨勢；土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)信息熵呈逐漸下降趨勢,表明了土地利用類型空間分布的均勻度呈下降趨勢,而土地利用類型面積的有序度呈上升趨勢。(2)單一土地利用動態(tài)度表明研究期內(nèi)準格爾旗耕地變化速率最快,林地和建設(shè)用地、沙地、其他用地變化速度較快,草地和水域變化速度較緩慢；綜合土地利用動態(tài)度表明土地利用變化速率較平穩(wěn)。因林地和建筑用地面積的逐漸擴大,研究區(qū)土地利用程度呈逐漸上升趨勢。(3)耕地、林地和草地之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換對總的轉(zhuǎn)移量的貢獻最大,三者間轉(zhuǎn)換面積使林地面積不斷增加,耕地和草地面積不斷減少。耕地的轉(zhuǎn)出量在三個階段均居首位,林地是其轉(zhuǎn)出的主要地類,而建設(shè)用地的轉(zhuǎn)入中耕地的貢獻最大。沙地的面積不斷減少,主要轉(zhuǎn)換為林地和草地,表明了土地利用方式向更好地方向發(fā)展。(4)準格爾旗生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值整體呈上升趨勢。在土地利用類型上生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值變化呈“二增四減”的趨勢：林地、建設(shè)用地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值呈增加趨勢,而耕地、草地、水域、沙地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值呈減少趨勢。(5)草地、耕地土地利用面積減少,與總生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值呈正相關(guān)性,相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.986、0.984,草地、耕地的土地利用面積減少,大部分轉(zhuǎn)換為林地,林地的單位面積生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值較高,與總的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值呈正相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.999。(6)人口數(shù)量的增加使基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施用地增加,進而耕地被大量占用。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展使種植業(yè)比重不斷下降,畜牧業(yè)和林業(yè)比重逐年上升。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的改變導(dǎo)致大量耕地轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榻ㄔO(shè)用地。農(nóng)業(yè)科技的進步,使生產(chǎn)力不斷提高。因此,影響最大的驅(qū)動因子為人口經(jīng)濟、產(chǎn)業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)科技。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of Earth system science, the theory of land use / land cover, human-land coordination and sustainable development, the remote sensing data of Zhungeer Banner of Inner Mongolia in 2005, 2010 and 2013 were selected for spatial processing.The basic data of land use change in four periods were extracted by man-machine dialogue.Using the spatial analysis function of GIS, various thematic maps were generated, and spatial analysis, information entropy, principal component analysis, ecosystem service value and other models were selected to analyze the dynamic temporal and spatial changes of land use in the study area.On this basis, the driving factors of land use change and ecological and environmental effects are systematically studied with the help of SPSS statistical software, combined with field investigation, meteorological and climatic data, social and economic statistics data.The conclusions are as follows: the land use structure of Zhungeer Banner has not changed greatly from 2000 to 2013, grassland, woodland and cultivated land are the three main types of land use, and the proportion of other land areas is the smallest.Among them, the area of forest land and the area of construction land showed a significant increase trend, cultivated land, sandy land, grassland, water area and other land showed a decreasing trend, and the information entropy of land use structure decreased gradually.The results showed that the spatial distribution uniformity of land use type was decreasing, while the order degree of land use type area was on the rise. 2) the single land use dynamic degree indicated that the change rate of cultivated land in Zhungeer Banner was the fastest during the study period.The change rate of forest land, construction land, sand land and other land use is faster, while that of grassland and water area is slow, and the comprehensive land use dynamic degree indicates that the rate of land use change is stable.Because of the gradual expansion of the area of woodland and construction land, the degree of land use in the study area showed an increasing trend. The conversion between woodland and grassland contributed the most to the total amount of transfer, and the conversion area between the three areas made the area of woodland increase continuously.The area of cultivated land and grassland is decreasing.The amount of cultivated land transfer is the first in the three stages, and the woodland is the main land category, and the construction land is the most important contribution to the transfer of cultivated land.The area of sandy land is decreasing, which is mainly converted to woodland and grassland, indicating that the value of ecosystem service in Zhungeer Banner is on the whole rising.The change of ecosystem service value in land use type showed a trend of "two increase and four decrease": forest land, construction land ecosystem service value increased, while cultivated land, grassland, water area,The value of ecosystem service in sandy land showed a decreasing trend. The land use area of cultivated land decreased, which was positively correlated with the value of total ecosystem service, and the correlation coefficient was 0.986 ~ 0.984, respectively. The land use area of grassland and cultivated land decreased.Most of them were converted into woodland, and the value of ecosystem services per unit area of forestland was higher, which was positively correlated with the total ecosystem service value, and the correlation coefficient was 0.999.0. 6) the land for infrastructure was increased with the increase of population, and the cultivated land was occupied by a large amount.The economic development causes the planting industry proportion to drop unceasingly, the animal husbandry and the forestry proportion rises year by year.The change of industrial structure leads to a large amount of cultivated land turned into construction land.Advances in agricultural science and technology have led to continuous improvement in productive forces.Therefore, the most important driving factors are population economy, industry and agricultural science and technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171.1;F301.2

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