本文選題：氣候變化　切入點：糧食安全　出處：《廣東海洋大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當今世界,氣候變化是一個不能否認的事實。不言而喻,全球氣候變化給各國經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展帶來了考驗,特別是對糧食安全帶來了嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。提高應(yīng)對氣候變化的防御能力,采用具有適應(yīng)性和針對性的策略,規(guī)避氣候變化帶來的負面影響,成為各國迫在眉睫的主要任務(wù)之一。論文使用了文獻研究法,搜集和整理了氣候變化的相關(guān)文獻資料,通過對館藏文獻和網(wǎng)上文獻的大量閱讀,整理出相關(guān)的文獻信息,并進行有針對性的記錄,在此基礎(chǔ)上撰寫文獻綜述。然后通過歸納與綜合,結(jié)合了氣候變化的表現(xiàn),從不同角度指出了氣候變化對糧食安全關(guān)聯(lián)性,把前輩們的研究成果進行了適當?shù)氖崂砑罢�。再采用比較研究法,把發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家在應(yīng)對氣候變化時采取的不同糧食安全對策進行比較分析,深化對不同國家糧食戰(zhàn)略的認識,認清差距并通過比較,借鑒吸收國際發(fā)達國家在適應(yīng)氣候變化保障糧食安全方面的先進經(jīng)驗。通過對氣候變化的相關(guān)因素進行分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),不能忽視氣候變化帶來的極端氣候事件、病蟲災(zāi)害等負面作用對糧食生產(chǎn)能力帶來的不利影響�？梢哉f氣候變化的弊大于利,氣候不斷變化將提高我國農(nóng)業(yè)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險,使我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力失去平衡,對我國糧食安全構(gòu)成嚴重的威脅。根據(jù)搜集的資料,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)由于氣候變暖我國糧食品種種植范圍會往北移動,同時耕種面積也有了擴大的趨勢,但是全球氣候變暖可能會導(dǎo)致部分地區(qū)耕種土地澇滯、加劇土壤鹽堿化,對糧食作物的生產(chǎn)力產(chǎn)生影響,降低糧食生產(chǎn)能力,減少糧食產(chǎn)量等。除了氣溫變化之外,年降水量也不穩(wěn)定、同時極端天氣不斷出現(xiàn),造成了糧食耕地資源在逐漸退化、糧食灌溉的水源在惡化,糧食病蟲害等經(jīng)常爆發(fā),從而改變糧食種植制度、提高糧食安全成本、影響糧食生產(chǎn)環(huán)境、降低糧食生產(chǎn)能力等。因此,發(fā)揮政府主導(dǎo)作用、提高糧食抗災(zāi)能力、完善糧食儲備管理、調(diào)動農(nóng)民種糧積極性、加強國際交流與合作等是氣候變化大背景下維護糧食安全的重要措施。
[Abstract]:In today's world, climate change is an undeniable fact. It goes without saying that global climate change has brought a test to the economic and social development of all countries. In particular, it poses a serious challenge to food security. Improving the resilience to climate change and adopting adaptive and targeted strategies to avoid the negative impacts of climate change, Ren Wuzhi, who is the most urgent one in various countries, has used the literature research method to collect and sort out the relevant documents on climate change, and through the extensive reading of the literature collected in the library and on the Internet, we can sort out the relevant documents and information. And then through induction and synthesis, combined with the performance of climate change, we point out the relevance of climate change to food security from different angles. The research results of previous generations were properly combed and integrated. Then comparative research was used to compare and analyze the different food security responses taken by developing and developed countries in response to climate change. To deepen the understanding of different countries' food strategies, to recognize the gap and, through comparison, to draw lessons from the advanced experiences of developed countries in adapting to climate change and to ensure food security. Through analysis of the relevant factors of climate change, it can be found that, We should not ignore the adverse effects of extreme climate events, diseases and insect disasters, and other adverse effects on grain production capacity brought about by climate change. It can be said that climate change will do more harm than good, and that continuous climate change will increase the risk of agricultural disasters in China. The imbalance of agricultural productivity in China poses a serious threat to the food security of our country. According to the data collected, it can be found that the planting range of grain varieties in China will move northward because of climate warming, and at the same time, the cultivated area has also shown a trend of expansion. However, global warming may lead to waterlogging of cultivated land in some areas, aggravate soil salinization, have an impact on the productivity of grain crops, reduce grain production capacity, reduce grain production, etc. In addition to changes in temperature, Annual precipitation is also unstable, and extreme weather continues to occur, resulting in the gradual degradation of food cultivated land resources, deterioration of water sources for grain irrigation, frequent outbreaks of food diseases and pests, etc., thus changing the grain planting system and increasing the cost of food security. Therefore, give play to the leading role of the government, improve the ability of grain disaster resistance, improve the management of grain reserves, mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain, etc. Strengthening international exchanges and cooperation is an important measure to maintain food security in the context of climate change.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.11

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本文編號：1616909