本文關(guān)鍵詞： 耕地 空間格局 重建 河湟谷地 公元年　出處：《資源科學(xué)》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：典型區(qū)域歷史時(shí)期高分辨率的土地利用/土地覆蓋變化重建對研究過去全球環(huán)境變化和全球氣候變化具有十分重要的意義。公元733年(唐代開元二十一年)是河湟谷地以軍事屯田為主的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的峰值期,是其屯田規(guī)模最為宏大、效益空前、原始土地覆蓋影響最為深刻的時(shí)段。本文收集、整理了公元733年河湟谷地歷史文獻(xiàn)中的耕地?cái)?shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用青藏高原河湟谷地區(qū)耕地網(wǎng)格化重建方法,結(jié)合歷史時(shí)期聚落分布的實(shí)際狀況,對耕地分布進(jìn)行二次分配,分析并重建了公元733年前后河湟谷地耕地資源規(guī)模以及分布格局。結(jié)果顯示:(1)公元733年河湟地區(qū)耕地開墾以軍事屯田為主,共有123屯,估算出屯田總面積為321.13km2;(2)耕地空間分布主要以聚落為中心,以河流為中心線向外擴(kuò)散,集中分布在湟水干流區(qū)域以及黃河河谷區(qū)域中的串珠狀盆地內(nèi),受海拔高度和山地地形因素的限制,加之當(dāng)時(shí)人口較少,耕地面積有限,全區(qū)僅有11.7%的網(wǎng)格有耕地分布;(3)墾殖強(qiáng)度受到自然條件和生產(chǎn)力水平的雙重影響,墾殖率整體偏低,處于農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的成長期;全區(qū)耕地網(wǎng)格平均墾殖率為9.2%,最高墾殖率僅為18.9%,其中有31.4%的耕地網(wǎng)格墾殖率在9.0%以下,67.6%的耕地網(wǎng)格墾殖率在9.0%~15.0%之間,1.0%的耕地網(wǎng)格墾殖率達(dá)到15.0%~20.0%之間;(4)墾殖強(qiáng)度在行政單元之間具有明顯的差異性,鄯州墾殖率較高,平均墾殖率接近13%;廓州墾殖率較低,南部西使地區(qū)墾殖率最低。
[Abstract]:The reconstruction of high-resolution land use / land cover change during the historical period of typical regions is of great significance for the study of global environmental change and global climate change in the past. A. D. 733 (Kaiyuan 21 in the Tang Dynasty) is a river. The peak period of agricultural development in Huanggu, which is dominated by military cultivation, This paper collects and collates the cultivated land data from the historical documents of the Hehuang Valley in 733 AD, which is the period of its largest scale, unprecedented benefit and the most profound impact of the original land cover. Using the method of reconstructing cultivated land in Hehuang Valley area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, combining with the actual situation of settlement distribution in historical period, the distribution of cultivated land is redistributed twice. The scale and distribution pattern of cultivated land resources in Hehuang valley before and after 733 AD were analyzed and reconstructed. The results show that the cultivated land in Hehuang area of AD 733 was mainly cultivated by military cultivation, with a total of 123tun. It is estimated that the total area of cultivated land is 321.13 km ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (2)) the spatial distribution of cultivated land is mainly concentrated on settlement, with river as the center line and diffusing outward, and is concentrated in the beaded basins in the Huangshui main stream area and the Yellow River valley area. Limited by the factors of altitude and mountainous terrain, and because of the small population at that time and the limited area of cultivated land, only 11.7% of the grids in the whole area had the distribution of cultivated land. (3) the intensity of reclamation was affected by both natural conditions and productivity levels, and the overall reclamation rate was relatively low. In the growing period of agricultural development; The average cultivation rate of cultivated land grid in the whole area is 9.2, and the highest reclamation rate is only 18.9. among them, 31.4% cultivated land grid reclamation rate is below 9.0%, 67.6% cultivated land grid reclamation rate is between 9.0% and 15.0%, and 1.0% cultivated land grid reclamation rate is 15.0% and 20.0%) Reclamation intensity is between 15.0% and 20.0%. There are obvious differences between administrative units, The average rate of reclamation was close to 13 in Shanshan, and the reclamation rate was lower in Guzhou and the lowest in the southern region.
【作者單位】： 青海師范大學(xué)生命與地理科學(xué)學(xué)院;青藏高原環(huán)境與資源教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所中國科學(xué)院陸地表層格局與模擬重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41271123,41550004) 中國科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專項(xiàng)(XDB03030500)
【分類號(hào)】：F323.211

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