本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)用地 超效率DEA 超效率BCC 影子價格 松弛變量　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文在農(nóng)用地利用效率研究中引入超效率數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析模型,以克服傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析方法無法細化有效單元的局限,采用投影分析和影子價格分別分析有效評價單元的差異,無效評價單元產(chǎn)生的原因和投入產(chǎn)出變化對效率的影響,同時對甘肅省農(nóng)用地利用效率時間變化動態(tài)和區(qū)域差異進行了分析。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)2006-2012年間,甘肅省農(nóng)業(yè)資源投入要素的組合效率相對高,均值為0.927。從空間角度來看,絕大部分州市的農(nóng)用地節(jié)約利用效率較高。2006-2012年甘肅農(nóng)用地利用效率較高的地區(qū)有一定的聚集,高效區(qū)多分布在河西走廊地區(qū),之后是隴東地區(qū)。甘南州、臨夏州畜牧業(yè)開發(fā)相對較多,促使DEA有效。隴中地區(qū)和酒泉地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)自然條件先天不足。隴南地區(qū)山地較多但水熱條件充足合理安排投入,能使DEA有效。(2)根據(jù)對超效率下純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率進行對比分析,可以得到各州市內(nèi)部效率提高主要是受技術(shù)改進或投入增加導(dǎo)致的,對于純技術(shù)效率排名大于規(guī)模效率排名的評價單元,其農(nóng)用地利用水平提高主要依靠農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)變;對于純技術(shù)效率排名大于規(guī)模效率排名的評價單元,其效率水平的提高更多是依靠增加投入得到的。(3)根據(jù)規(guī)模收益,甘肅省農(nóng)用地集約利用多處于規(guī)模收益不變或規(guī)模遞減狀態(tài),說明甘肅省在擴大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模時不能盲目,仍需關(guān)注利用方式是否粗放的問題。(4)運用超效率下的投影分析,解決了只能對非有效評價單元進行改進的方法,或只根據(jù)超效率評價值將所有投入等比例進行增加的現(xiàn)狀。得到了無效評價單元投入資源的利用率和改進側(cè)重點以及有效評價單元繼續(xù)優(yōu)化的方向。(5)根據(jù)對影子價格的分析可知,甘肅省主要受特殊地形限制,應(yīng)有針對性的,差異化安排機械,多種作業(yè)方式配合使用�；适┯谜奂兞康挠白觾r格也比較小,在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的實際操作過程中,容易忽視化肥的過量使用的問題。農(nóng)作物播種面積的影子價格較大,說明其直接影響著農(nóng)用地的產(chǎn)出效率。從產(chǎn)出角度分析,農(nóng)民人均純收入的影子價格遠高于糧食產(chǎn)量的影子價格,說明農(nóng)民人均純收入增加的效益幅度大于糧食產(chǎn)量增加的效益幅度。
[Abstract]:In order to overcome the limitation that the traditional data envelopment analysis method can not refine the effective unit, this paper introduces the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis model in the study of agricultural land use efficiency. Projection analysis and shadow price are used to analyze the difference of effective evaluation units, the causes of invalid evaluation units and the effect of input-output changes on efficiency. At the same time, the time variation and regional differences of agricultural land use efficiency in Gansu Province were analyzed. The results showed that the first part of the study was from 2006 to 2012. The combination efficiency of input elements of agricultural resources in Gansu Province is relatively high, the average value is 0.927. From the perspective of space. Most of the agricultural land use efficiency of high efficiency. 2006-2012 Gansu agricultural land use efficiency areas have a certain concentration, high-efficiency areas are distributed in the Hexi Corridor area. After the Longdong region. Gannan, Linxia animal husbandry development is relatively more. Promote the effectiveness of DEA. Longzhong region and Jiuquan region of natural conditions of agriculture natural deficiency. Longnan region has more mountains but sufficient and reasonable water and heat conditions to arrange input. According to the comparative analysis of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency under super efficiency, it can be concluded that the improvement of internal efficiency of each city is mainly caused by technical improvement or investment increase. For the evaluation unit where the rank of pure technical efficiency is greater than the rank of scale efficiency, the improvement of agricultural land use level mainly depends on the transformation of agricultural production technology. For the evaluation unit whose pure technical efficiency rank is larger than the scale efficiency ranking, the improvement of its efficiency level is more dependent on the increase of input. The intensive utilization of agricultural land in Gansu Province is mostly in the state of constant or decreasing scale, which shows that Gansu Province can not be blind in expanding the scale of agricultural production. We still need to pay attention to the problem of whether the utilization mode is extensive. (4) using the projection analysis under the super efficiency, the method that can only be improved on the non-effective evaluation unit is solved. The current situation of increasing all inputs in equal proportion according to the value of super-efficiency evaluation. The direction of resource utilization and improvement focus of the invalid evaluation unit and the continuous optimization of the effective evaluation unit are obtained. According to the shadow price analysis. Gansu Province is mainly restricted by special terrain, should be targeted, differentiated arrangement of machinery, a variety of operational methods to cooperate in use. Chemical fertilizer applied scalar shadow price is also relatively small, in the actual operation of agricultural production process. It is easy to ignore the problem of excessive use of chemical fertilizer. The shadow price of crop sown area is large, which shows that it directly affects the productivity of agricultural land. The shadow price of peasants' per capita net income is much higher than the shadow price of grain yield, which indicates that the increase of peasants' per capita net income is more than the benefit range of grain production increase.
【學位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F224;F321.1

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