本文關(guān)鍵詞： 阿提卡 德莫 小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟 土地所有制　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：前資本主義階段的歷史特點是農(nóng)村公社不斷瓦解、公有制被私有制代替,進而,小土地所有制被大土地所有制逐漸代替。馬克思和恩格斯研究前資本主義階段的歷史就是從分析農(nóng)村公社及其土地所有制開始的,這與他們研究資本主義社會是從分析商品開始的一樣,都有一個切入點和方法論。本文試學習這個方法論,對阿提卡的德莫和土地所有制進行簡單分析。德莫是阿提卡農(nóng)村公社的殘余,是雅典城邦的基層組織,也是其區(qū)域空間和公民權(quán)利的基礎(chǔ),其產(chǎn)生最早見于線形文字B的碑文中。梭倫改革前,通過提修斯“統(tǒng)一運動”,德莫走向了統(tǒng)一管理。梭倫改革后,雅典民眾獲得了人身自由,但德莫缺乏有效管理�？死锼固崮岣母锇凑盏赜蛟瓌t劃分政治區(qū)域,改革了德莫制度,使得城邦政治實現(xiàn)了有效的基層管理。從此,德莫通過對人口的登記、土地的分配以及公民權(quán)利的認定,在城邦經(jīng)濟、政治等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用,成為城邦小土地所有制和民主政治的基礎(chǔ)。公元前5世紀末,伴隨著伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)火的蔓延,雅典城邦危機爆發(fā),公民不得不離開自己的故土,公民集體最終破裂,德莫隨之失去了存在的價值,城邦喪失了民主政治的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The historical characteristics of the pre-capitalist stage are the disintegration of rural communes and the replacement of public ownership by private ownership. Small land ownership was gradually replaced by large land ownership. Marx and Engels began to study the history of pre-capitalist stage from the analysis of rural communes and their land ownership. This is the same as they began to study capitalist society from the analysis of commodities, there is a breakthrough point and methodology. This article tries to study this methodology. A brief analysis of the de Mo and land ownership of Attica is made. De Mo is the vestige of the Attica Rural Commune, the grass-roots organization of the Athenian city-state, and the basis of its regional space and civil rights. It was first found in the inscription of the linear character B. before the reform of Solon, through the "Unification Movement" of Tetheus, Demo moved towards unified management. After the reform of Solon, the Athenian people obtained their personal freedom. But Demo lacks effective management. Christian reforms divided political areas according to geographical principles, reformed the Demo system, and made polis politics effective at the grass-roots level. From then on, Demo passed the registration of the population. The distribution of land and the determination of civil rights play an important role in the economic and political aspects of the city-state and become the basis of the city-state small land ownership and democratic politics. At the end of 5th century BC. With the spread of the Peloponnesian war, the crisis broke out in the Athens city-state, citizens had to leave their homeland, the collective citizens finally broke down, and Demo lost the value of existence. The city-states lost the foundations of democracy.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F319;K125

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