本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策研究　出處：《河南科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：糧食是維持人類生存的必需品,是國家和民族賴以生存的最為重要的戰(zhàn)略資源,糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)有公共物品的性質(zhì),對其他產(chǎn)業(yè)部門具有正的外部性,但由于糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)是弱質(zhì)產(chǎn)業(yè),糧食的供給容易受到多種因素的影響而產(chǎn)生變動,威脅人類生活和社會的安定。我國人口數(shù)量世界第一,受到地理因素的限制,可耕種的土地面積與所要供養(yǎng)的人口數(shù)量不平衡,加上經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和城鎮(zhèn)化進程的推進,每年不斷有可耕種優(yōu)質(zhì)土地被占用,加劇了我國糧食安全問題。近年來全球糧食安全問題不斷凸顯,我國糧食自給率也在不斷下降,全球糧食貿(mào)易的經(jīng)濟環(huán)境和市場環(huán)境的變化也影響著我國糧食生產(chǎn),但我國相關(guān)糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策不能應(yīng)對這些變化和出現(xiàn)的問題,因而迫切需要完善我國現(xiàn)有的糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策。本文通過研究我國糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策的變遷過程,以及對現(xiàn)階段我國糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策的實施狀況和政策效果的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策存在政策不完善,管理機制不健全,財政支持力度不高,缺少立法支撐等問題;主產(chǎn)區(qū)由于堅守國家糧食安全問題保障糧食生產(chǎn)而與主銷區(qū)經(jīng)濟差距不斷加大的問題;糧農(nóng)也因為種糧比較利益低,種糧意愿受到影響等問題。本文在對發(fā)達國家如美國、歐盟、日本的糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)達國家在農(nóng)業(yè)的現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展過程中糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策的制定都是依國情而定,并適時調(diào)整,擁有完善的配套政策體系,財政支持水平遠高于我國的投入水平,最重要的是發(fā)達國家重視農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,立法保障糧食生產(chǎn)的支持政策的實施。本文在最后借鑒國外的經(jīng)驗并結(jié)合我國國情,對我國糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策體系的改進與完善提出意見和建議。
[Abstract]:Food is a necessity for maintaining the survival of human beings, is the most important strategic resources for the country and the nation's survival, food industry has the nature of public goods, which has positive externality on other industries, but as the food industry is a weak industry, the supply of food is easily affected by many factors and changes in the threat to human life, and the stability of the society. China's population first in the world, by the geographical constraints, the number of arable land area and population to support the imbalance, coupled with the development of economy and the advance of the urbanization process, there have been a year of arable land quality is occupied, exacerbating the problem of food security in China in recent years. To continue to highlight the problem of global food security, China's grain self-sufficiency rate is on the decline, changes in the global food trade market environment and economic environment also affects China's grain production, but Related to China's grain production support policy can not deal with the changes and problems, so there is an urgent need to improve the existing food production support policies in China. This paper studies support the policy change process of grain production in China, and the research of China's grain production support policy at this stage the implementation status and effect of the policy, found that grain production China's existing policy support policy is not perfect, imperfect management system, financial support is not high, the lack of legislative support; the main producing areas due to adhere to national food security and the security of food production and marketing area economic gap increasing problem; but also because of the low comparative benefit of grain, grain and other issues. This paper will be affected in the developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, found on the production of grain support policy in Japan, the developed countries in the process of modernization of Agriculture The development of policy support in the production of food are determined according to the situation, and timely adjust, perfect system of supporting policies, the level of financial support is much higher than China's investment level, the most important is the developed countries attach great importance to agricultural sustainable development, legislation to ensure the implementation of policies to support grain production. This paper finally learn from foreign experience combined with China's national conditions, to improve the policy support system of China's grain production and improvement put forward opinions and suggestions.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.11

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本文編號：1407825