本文關(guān)鍵詞：河北省黃驊市鹽堿地宜耕評(píng)價(jià)研究　出處：《河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鹽堿地 適宜性評(píng)價(jià) 耕地 黃驊市

【摘要】：土地資源的有限性和人們對(duì)土地資源的極高的需求性注定了土地資源的稀缺性。在人地矛盾日益突出的今天,如何增加耕地面積和提升耕地質(zhì)量成為了我們亟待解決的問題。鹽堿地資源是后備耕地資源的重要組成部分之一,將鹽堿地開發(fā)利用為耕地資源既可以保證耕地的占補(bǔ)平衡,也能夠保證社會(huì)發(fā)展、城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)的發(fā)展進(jìn)程,確保耕地總量不會(huì)發(fā)生變化。對(duì)適宜作為耕地的鹽堿地土地開發(fā)成為耕地,可以增加土地面積,保障我國(guó)的糧食產(chǎn)量。本文以河北省黃驊市為研究區(qū),以未利用的鹽堿地作為研究對(duì)象,介紹了黃驊市的地理位置、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、土地利用現(xiàn)狀。對(duì)黃驊市鹽堿地的土壤肥力狀況進(jìn)行了科學(xué)的分析,并對(duì)黃驊市的鹽堿地進(jìn)行了耕地適宜性評(píng)價(jià)。對(duì)黃驊市鹽堿地進(jìn)行了實(shí)地調(diào)查和土壤樣點(diǎn)的采集,對(duì)所采集的土壤樣點(diǎn)的p H、有機(jī)質(zhì)、堿解氮、速效磷、速效鉀、含鹽量等指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了測(cè)定,對(duì)黃驊市鹽堿地區(qū)域的土壤肥力狀況進(jìn)行了分析。在耕地適宜性評(píng)價(jià)方面,根據(jù)選取指標(biāo)因子的原則及咨詢專家確定了9個(gè)因子作為評(píng)價(jià)因子,利用層次分析法對(duì)所選取的評(píng)價(jià)因子的權(quán)重值進(jìn)行確定,利用GIS軟件將黃驊市鹽堿地區(qū)域進(jìn)行了柵格化處理,制作各個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的量化分級(jí)圖,運(yùn)用加權(quán)指數(shù)和法及GIS軟件對(duì)黃驊市鹽堿地進(jìn)行耕地適宜性評(píng)價(jià)并將其劃分為四個(gè)等別。所得結(jié)論如下:(1)在黃驊市各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的未利用的鹽堿地中,土壤的鹽分含量和速效磷的差異性較大,其差異性最大的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)分別是舊城鎮(zhèn)和齊家務(wù)鄉(xiāng),其變異系數(shù)分別為163.75%和134.7%。土壤p H的差異性最小,差異性最大的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)是舊城鎮(zhèn),其變異系數(shù)為6.91%,差異性最小的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)是齊家務(wù)鄉(xiāng),其變異系數(shù)為1.9%。(2)經(jīng)評(píng)價(jià),一級(jí)適宜耕地的面積為29.57平方千米,占鹽堿地總面積的9.08%;二級(jí)適宜耕地的面積為165.8平方千米,占鹽堿地總面積的50.91%;三級(jí)適宜作耕地的面積為100平方千米,占鹽堿地總面積的30.71%;不適宜作耕地的面積為30.3平方千米,占總面積的9.3%。
[Abstract]:The limitation of land resources and people's high demand for land resources doomed the scarcity of land resources. Today, the contradiction between man and land is becoming more and more prominent. How to increase the area of cultivated land and improve the quality of cultivated land has become an urgent problem. Saline land resources is one of the important components of reserve cultivated land resources. The exploitation and utilization of saline-alkali land as cultivated land resources can not only guarantee the balance of the occupation and compensation of cultivated land, but also ensure the development process of social development and urban construction. To ensure that the total amount of cultivated land will not change. The development of saline-alkali land suitable for cultivated land can increase the land area and ensure the grain yield of our country. This paper takes Huanghua City of Hebei Province as the research area. Taking the unused saline-alkali land as the research object, this paper introduces the geographical location, social and economic situation, land use status of Huanghua City, and carries on the scientific analysis to the soil fertility condition of the saline-alkali land in Huanghua City. Field investigation and soil sampling were carried out on the saline-alkali land in Huanghua. The pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus of the soil samples were collected. The available potassium, salt content and other index data were measured, and the soil fertility in saline-alkali soil of Huanghua City was analyzed, and the suitability of cultivated land was evaluated. According to the principle of selecting index factors and consulting experts, 9 factors are determined as evaluation factors, and the weight of the selected evaluation factors is determined by AHP. The saline-alkali soil area of Huanghua City was rasterized by GIS software, and the quantitative grading map of each evaluation index was made. Using weighted index sum method and GIS software to evaluate the suitability of cultivated land in Huanghua City and divide it into four categories. The conclusions are as follows: 1) in the unused saline-alkali land of villages and towns in Huanghua. The difference of soil salt content and available phosphorus is great, the biggest difference is the old town and Qijiawu township. The coefficient of variation was 163.75% and 134.7, respectively. The difference of soil pH was the smallest, and the biggest difference was in the old town, and the coefficient of variation was 6.91%. The least difference is Qijiawu Township, whose coefficient of variation is 1.90.2.After evaluation, the area of first-grade suitable cultivated land is 29.57 square kilometers, which accounts for 9.08 of the total area of saline-alkali land. The area of the second grade suitable cultivated land is 165.8 square kilometers, accounting for 50.91% of the total area of saline-alkali land; The area of the third grade suitable cultivated land is 100 square kilometers, which accounts for 30.71% of the total area of saline-alkali land; The area of unsuitable cultivated land is 30.3 square kilometers, accounting for 9.3 percent of the total area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F323.211

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1374556